testng 教程

时间：2023-03-09 07:42:44
testng 教程

Testng 简介：

Testng是一套开源测试框架，是从Junit继承而来，testng意为test next generation，主要有以下特性:

  • annotations  注释，如 @test @BeforeMethod
  • 支持多线程执行case
  • 支持数据驱动 dataProvider
  • 支持参参数
  • 能够作为eclipse的插件
  • 能够（配合reportng）生产客观的测试报告
  • 可通过testng.xml管理执行case和suite

那么好的测试框架，怎么使用？

这里我们使用eclipse插件方式 安装详见：http://testng.org/doc/eclipse.html

testng使用

首先了解一下testng 的annotations

常见的有以下：

@BeforeClass: 该annotation在class激活之前执行

@BeforeMethod: 该annotation会在每个执行的方法之前执行

@Test ,该annotation 是你要执行测试的方法

@AfterMethod，该annotation在每个测试方法执行之后运行

@AfterClass 该annotation会在所有测试方法之后运行

具体生命周期如下图：

testng 教程

这里是所有的annotation

@BeforeSuite
@AfterSuite
@BeforeTest
@AfterTest
@BeforeGroups
@AfterGroups
@BeforeClass
@AfterClass
@BeforeMethod
@AfterMethod		 Configuration information for a TestNG class:

@BeforeSuite: The annotated method will be run before all tests in this suite have run. 
@AfterSuite: The annotated method will be run after all tests in this suite have run. 
@BeforeTest: The annotated method will be run before any test method belonging to the classes inside the <test> tag is run. 
@AfterTest: The annotated method will be run after all the test methods belonging to the classes inside the <test> tag have run. 
@BeforeGroups: The list of groups that this configuration method will run before. This method is guaranteed to run shortly before the first test method that belongs to any of these groups is invoked. 
@AfterGroups: The list of groups that this configuration method will run after. This method is guaranteed to run shortly after the last test method that belongs to any of these groups is invoked. 
@BeforeClass: The annotated method will be run before the first test method in the current class is invoked. 
@AfterClass: The annotated method will be run after all the test methods in the current class have been run. 
@BeforeMethod: The annotated method will be run before each test method. 
@AfterMethod: The annotated method will be run after each test method.

实例：我们验证一下testng annotation 执行顺序，这个case里有两个 测试  ，执行顺序为beforeClass->beforeMethod->test1->afterMethod->beforeMethod->

test2->afterMethod->afterClass.

package com.dbyl.tests;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

/**

 * This is to verify testng annotation execute

 * @author Young

 *

 */

public class TestngExample {

    private int a;

    @BeforeMethod(alwaysRun=true)

    public void beforeMethod() {

        a = 2;

        System.out.println("This is beforeMethod method. The Value of a is: "

                + a);

    }

    @BeforeClass

    public void beforeClass() {

        a = 1;

        System.out.println("This is beforeClass method .The Value of a is: "

                + a);

    }

    @Test(groups = "TestngExample")

    public void testExample1() {

        a = 3;

        System.out.println("This is Test  method1 .The Value of a is: " + a);

    }

    @Test(groups = "TestngExample")

    public void testExample2() {

        a = 4;

        System.out.println("This is Test  method2 .The Value of a is: " + a);

    }

    @AfterClass

    public void afterClass() {

        a = 5;

        System.out.println("This is AfterClass Method .The Value of a is: " + a);

    }

    @AfterMethod

    public void afterMethod()

    {

        a = 6;

        System.out.println("This is AfterMethod Method .The Value of a is: " + a);

    }

}

所以执行结果为：

This is beforeClass method .The Value of a is: 1

This is beforeMethod method. The Value of a is: 2

This is Test method1 .The Value of a is: 3

This is AfterMethod Method .The Value of a is: 6

This is beforeMethod method. The Value of a is: 2

This is Test method2 .The Value of a is: 4

This is AfterMethod Method .The Value of a is: 6

This is AfterClass Method .The Value of a is: 5

PASSED: testExample1

PASSED: testExample2

　　当然，还有BeforeSuite 等，不再做深入研究.

annotation后面可以加一些参数，比如alwaysRun=true/false,dependsOnMethods=""

alwaysRun控制是否每次都执行，dependsOnMethods是一种依赖，依赖某个方法执行

之前有提到testng数据驱动，使用dataProvider，dataProvider可以导入text ,excel等数据，

执行case时会从DataProvider依次拿出数据执行，同一个测试方法，会被执行相应的次数

package com.dbyl.tests;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;

import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class Case1 {

    @DataProvider

    public Object[][] testData1() {

        return new Object[][] { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 1, 2, 4 }, { 1, 3, 4 },

                { -1, 3, 2 } };

    }

    @DataProvider

    public Object[][] testData2() {

        return new Object[][] { { 5, 2, 3 }, { 1, 2, 4 }, { 1, -3, 4 },

                { 6, 3, 2 } };

    }

    public static int add(int a, int b) {

        return a + b;

    }

    public static int minus(int a, int b) {

        return a - b;

    }

    @BeforeClass

    public void beforeClass()

    {

        System.out.println("This is Before Class");

    }

    @Test(groups = { "add" }, dataProvider = "testData1")

    public void addTest(int a, int b, int c) {

        System.out.println("This is test add method.  "+a+" + "+ b+" = "+c);

        Assert.assertEquals(add(a, b), c);

    }

    @Test(groups = { "minus" }, dataProvider = "testData2")

    public void minusTest(int a, int b, int c) {

        System.out.println("This is test minus method.  "+a+" - "+ b+" = "+c);

        Assert.assertEquals(minus(a, b), c);

    }

    @BeforeMethod

    public void beforeMethod()

    {

        System.out.println("This is Before Method");

    }

    @AfterMethod

    public void afterMethod()

    {

        System.out.println("This is After Method");

    }

    @AfterClass

    public void afterClass()

    {

        System.out.println("This is After Class");

    }

}

执行结果如下：

This is Before Class

This is Before Method

This is test add method.   +  =

This is After Method

This is Before Method

This is test add method.   +  =

This is After Method

This is Before Method

This is test add method.   +  =

This is After Method

This is Before Method

This is test add method.  - +  =

This is After Method

This is Before Method

This is test minus method.   -  =

This is After Method

This is Before Method

This is test minus method.   -  =

This is After Method

This is Before Method

This is test minus method.   - - =

This is After Method

This is Before Method

This is test minus method.   -  =

This is After Method

This is After Class

PASSED: addTest(, , )

PASSED: addTest(, , )

PASSED: addTest(-, , )

PASSED: minusTest(, , )

PASSED: minusTest(, -, )

FAILED: addTest(, , )

由于天色已晚，明天继续总结.

接下来：testng.xml的配置和使用，已经参数传递

testng配合reportng 生成测试报告

testng 配合ant

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