Spring Controller单元测试

时间：2023-12-29 18:24:38

SpringMVC controller测试较简单，从功能角度划分，可分为两种。一种是调用请求路径测试，另一种是直接调用Controller方法测试。

调用请求路径测试

通过请求路径调用，请求需要经过拦截器，再到对应的Controller方法处理

被测试代码示例

import com.agoura.agoura.entity.Members;

import com.agoura.agoura.service.MembersService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/api")

public class MembersController {

    @Autowired

    private MembersService membersService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/user", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = "application/json;charset=UTF-8")

    @ResponseBody

    public String getUser(HttpServletRequest request, @RequestBody String str,

                         @RequestParam(value = "userId") String userId) {

        Members result = membersService.getMemberById(Integer.valueOf(userId));

        return result.toString();

    }

}

测试代码示例

import com.agoura.agoura.entity.Members;

import com.agoura.agoura.service.MembersService;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.mockito.InjectMocks;

import org.mockito.Mock;

import org.mockito.Mockito;

import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.http.MediaType;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;

import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.model;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)     //调用Spring单元测试类

@WebAppConfiguration        //调用Java Web组件，如自动注入ServletContext Bean等

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:spring-*.xml"})      //加载Spring配置文件

public class MembersControllerTest2 {

    @Autowired

    protected WebApplicationContext wac;

    @Mock

    private MembersService service;

    @InjectMocks

    private MembersController controller;       //需要测试的Controller

    private MockMvc mockMvc;        //SpringMVC提供的Controller测试类

    private String url;

    @Before

    public void setUp() throws Exception {

        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(wac).build();

    }

    @Test

    public void testGetUser() throws Exception {

        url = "the URL to Controller";

        Members m = new Members(3, "wangwu", 1, 5, "12131232342");

        when(service.getMemberById(Mockito.anyInt())).thenReturn(m);

        MvcResult result = mockMvc

                .perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post(url)

                        .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)

                        .param("userId", "3"))

                .andDo(print())

                .andExpect(status().isOk())

                .andExpect(model().attributeExists("name"))

                .andReturn();

        assertEquals(m.toString(), result.getModelAndView().getModel().get("user").toString());

    }

}

调用Controller方法测试

无法对拦截器和URL路径配置进行测试。测试方法类似于service层单元测试，可以对依赖的service层进行mock。可以参考spring service层单元测试一文

被测试代码示例

测试代码同调用请求路径测试方式部分一样

测试代码示例

import com.agoura.agoura.entity.Members;

import com.agoura.agoura.service.MembersService;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.mockito.InjectMocks;

import org.mockito.Mock;

import org.mockito.Mockito;

import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;

import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpSession;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)     //调用Spring单元测试类

@WebAppConfiguration        //调用Java Web组件，如自动注入ServletContext Bean等

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:spring-*.xml"})      //加载Spring配置文件

public class MembersControllerTest {

    @Mock

    private MembersService service;

    @InjectMocks

    private MembersController controller;       //需要测试的Controller

    private MockHttpServletRequest request;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;        //SpringMVC提供的Controller测试类

    @Before

    public void setUp() throws Exception {

        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

        request = new MockHttpServletRequest();

    }

    @Test

    public void testGetUser() throws Exception {

        request.addParameter("userId", "100100");

//      request.addParameter("id", "101010");       //如果需要从request取数据，可以在request中添加parameter

        Members m = new Members(3, "wangwu", 1, 5, "12131232342");

        when(service.getMemberById(Mockito.anyInt())).thenReturn(m);

        String response = new String();

        String result = controller.getUser(request, response, "3");

        assertEquals(m.toString(), result);

    }

}

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