java发送内嵌图片邮件

时间:2021-12-07 03:28:35

整体效果:

  发送端:网易邮箱;接收端:qq邮箱。

1.web前端

java发送内嵌图片邮件

2.在网易邮箱“已发送”中可以看见通过java代码发送的邮件

java发送内嵌图片邮件

3.同样在qq邮箱中也可以看到这样的效果

java发送内嵌图片邮件

实现过程:
1.web前端(bootstrap布局)

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<form action="mailAction!sendMail" method="post" name="mailForm" id="mailFormId">
 <ul class="list-group">
  <li class="list-group-item">
    <div class="input-group">
     <span class="input-group-addon" id="basic-addon1">姓名:</span>
     <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="your name" name="mailForm.name" aria-describedby="basic-addon1">
    </div>
  </li>
  
  <li class="list-group-item">
    <div class="input-group">
     <span class="input-group-addon" id="basic-addon2">电话:</span>
     <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="your phone" name="mailForm.phone" aria-describedby="basic-addon1">
    </div>
  </li>
  
  <li class="list-group-item">
    <div class="input-group">
     <span class="input-group-addon" id="basic-addon2">邮件:</span>
     <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="your e-mail" name="mailForm.e_mail" aria-describedby="basic-addon1">
    </div>
  </li>
  
  <li class="list-group-item" style="padding-top: 20px;">
    <span class="label label-default blog-label-1">消息:</span>
    <br><br>
    <textarea rows="10" style="width:100%" name="mailForm.content" placeholder="请输入消息(不要超过500个字符)"></textarea>
  </li>
  
   <li class="list-group-item">
     <center><button onclick="$('#mailFormId').submit();" type="button" class="btn btn-success">发送邮件</button></center>
   </li>
 </ul>
</form>

2.首先准备一个XML的模板(<xml-body>包含的是邮件的html格式的文本)。

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- 将空格换成全角的空格,就可以保证html不会将空格过滤掉 -->
<xml-body>
  <html>
    <head>
    </head>
    <body style="margin: 0; padding: 0;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"
        <tbody><tr>
          <td style="padding: 10px 0 30px 0;">
            <table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="600" style="border: 1px solid #cccccc; border-collapse: collapse;">
              <tbody><tr>
                <td align="center" bgcolor="#70bbd9" style="padding: 40px 0 30px 0; color: #153643; font-size: 28px; font-weight: bold; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">
                  <img src="cid:{4}" alt="Creating Email Magic" width="300" height="230" style="display: block;"/>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td bgcolor="#ffffff" style="padding: 40px 30px 40px 30px;">
                  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
                    <tbody><tr>
                      <td style="color: #153643; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">
                        <b>
                          发件人: {0}
                          <br/>
                          电话: {1}
                          <br/>
                          邮箱: {2}
                          <br/>
                          内容:<br/>
                        </b>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td style="padding: 20px 0 30px 0; color: #153643; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px;">
                           {3}
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                      <td>
                        <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
                          <tbody><tr>
                            <td width="260" valign="top">
                              <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
                                <tbody><tr>
                                  <td>
                                    <img src="cid:{5}" alt="" width="100%" height="140" style="display: block;"/>
                                  </td>
                                </tr>
                              </tbody></table>
                            </td>
                            <td style="font-size: 0; line-height: 0;" width="20">
                            </td>
                            <td width="260" valign="top">
                              <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
                                <tbody><tr>
                                  <td>
                                    <img src="cid:{6}" alt="" width="100%" height="140" style="display: block;"/>
                                  </td>
                                </tr>
                              </tbody></table>
                            </td>
                          </tr>
                        </tbody></table>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </tbody></table>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td bgcolor="#ee4c50" style="padding: 30px 30px 30px 30px;">
                  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
                    <tbody><tr>
                      <td align="right" width="25%">
                        <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                          <tbody><tr>
                            <td style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold;">
                              <img src="cid:{7}" alt="Twitter" width="38" height="38" style="display: block;" border="0"/>
                            </td>
                            <td style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold;">
                              <img src="cid:{8}" alt="Facebook" width="38" height="38" style="display: block;" border="0"/>
                            </td>
                          </tr>
                        </tbody></table>
                      </td>
                    </tr>
                  </tbody></table>
                </td>
              </tr>
            </tbody></table>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </tbody></table>
    </body>
  </html>
</xml-body>

其中模板中会有一些标识符,如{i},表还是字符串的预留位置,然后通过MessageFormat格式化这样的消息,然后将格式化后的字符串插入到模式中的适当位置。

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//得到XML的模板
String XML_path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/mailTemplate")+"/myMailTemplete.xml";
String str=new ReaderXML().read(XML_path);
Object[] obj=new Object[]{mailForm.getName(), mailForm.getPhone(), mailForm.getE_mail(), mailForm.getContent(), "e_mail", "left", "right", "tw", "fb"};
//MessageFormat可以格式化这样的消息,然后将格式化后的字符串插入到模式中的适当位置
String tcontent = MessageFormat.format(str, obj);

最终XML模板中的{i}分别被obj[i]替换了。
3.写一个对XML模板的类ReaderXML

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public class ReaderXML {
  public String read(String path){
    String str=null;
    str=reader(path);   
    return str;
  
  private String reader(String path){   
    SAXReader reader=new SAXReader();
    String str=null;   
    try {     
      Document d=reader.read(new File(path));
      Element e=d.getRootElement();
      Element htmle=e.element("html");
      str=htmle.asXML();
    } catch (DocumentException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return str;
  }
}

4.最后就是我们的控制器类MailAction
  在 HTML 格式的正文中内含图片是使用MimeBodyPart类的setContentID() 方法设置对应的资源文件的唯一标识符,即 MIME 协议对于邮件的结构组织格式中的 Content-ID 头字段,对应着XML模板中的cid:{i}标识, 如<img src="cid:{8}"/>(注:{i}会通过MessageFormat.format替换成对应的字符串)

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public class MailAction extends ActionSupport{
  private MailForm mailForm;
  public MailForm getMailForm() {
    return mailForm;
  }
  public void setMailForm(MailForm mailForm) {
    this.mailForm = mailForm;
  }
  //添加内嵌图片
  private MimeBodyPart createImageMimeBodyPart(String imageName) throws MessagingException, UnsupportedEncodingException{
    FileDataSource fds=new FileDataSource(ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/image")+"/" + imageName + ".gif");
    MimeBodyPart mbp=new MimeBodyPart();
    DataHandler dh=new DataHandler(fds);
    mbp.setDataHandler(dh);
    //设置对应的资源文件的唯一标识符,即 MIME 协议对于邮件的结构组织格式中的 Content-ID 头字段;
    mbp.setHeader("Content-ID", imageName);
    mbp.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(fds.getName()));
    return mbp;
  }
  
  public String sendMail(){
    try {
      HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
      String pwd = "************";//发件人邮箱密码
      String mailfrom = "***********@163.com"; //网易的邮箱
      String wangyiFrom = mailfrom.substring(0, mailfrom.indexOf('@'));//网易邮箱的用户名
      String tu = "163.com"; //发件人邮箱的后缀域名
      String tto= "**********@qq.com"; //接收邮件的邮箱
      String ttitle= "有人联系你---来自胡峻峥的个人网站";
      
      //根据其物理路径,得到XML的模板
      String XML_path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/mailTemplate")+"/myMailTemplete.xml";
      String str=new ReaderXML().read(XML_path);
      Object[] obj=new Object[]{mailForm.getName(), mailForm.getPhone(), mailForm.getE_mail(), mailForm.getContent(), "e_mail", "left", "right", "tw", "fb"};
      //MessageFormat可以格式化这样的消息,然后将格式化后的字符串插入到模式中的适当位置
      String tcontent = MessageFormat.format(str, obj);
      
      Properties props=new Properties();
  
      props.put("mail.smtp.host","smtp."+tu);//邮箱SMTP服务器地址端口
  
      props.put("mail.smtp.auth","true");//这样才能通过验证
  
      Session s=Session.getInstance(props);
  
      s.setDebug(true);
  
      MimeMessage message=new MimeMessage(s);
  
      //给消息对象设置发件人/收件人/主题/发信时间
  
      InternetAddress from;
    
      from = new InternetAddress(mailfrom);//发件人的qq邮箱
      message.setFrom(from);
      InternetAddress to=new InternetAddress(tto);//收件人的邮箱
      message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);
      message.setSubject(ttitle);
      message.setSentDate(new Date());
      //给消息对象设置内容
      BodyPart mbp=new MimeBodyPart();//新建一个存放信件内容的BodyPart对象
      mbp.setContent(tcontent,"text/html;charset=gb2312");//给BodyPart对象设置内容和格式/编码方式
      // 用于组合文本和图片,"related"型的MimeMultipart对象
      Multipart mm=new MimeMultipart("related");//新建一个MimeMultipart对象用来存放BodyPart对象(事实上可以存放多个)
      mm.addBodyPart(mbp);//将BodyPart加入到MimeMultipart对象中(可以加入多个BodyPart)
      
      //添加图片
      mm.addBodyPart(createImageMimeBodyPart("e_mail"));
      mm.addBodyPart(createImageMimeBodyPart("left"));
      mm.addBodyPart(createImageMimeBodyPart("right"));
      mm.addBodyPart(createImageMimeBodyPart("tw"));
      mm.addBodyPart(createImageMimeBodyPart("fb"));
      
      message.setContent(mm);//把mm作为消息对象的内容
      message.saveChanges();
      Transport transport=s.getTransport("smtp");
      transport.connect("smtp."+tu, wangyiFrom, pwd); //这里的wangyiFrom为发件人网易账号
      transport.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());
      transport.close();
      ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("operations", "邮件发送成功, 请耐心等待回复!");
    } catch (Exception e) {
      System.out.println(e.toString());
      ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("errors", e.toString());
      return "errors";
    }
    return "sendMail";
  }
}

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。