863. All Nodes Distance K in Binary Tree 到制定节点距离为k的节点

时间:2022-01-19 02:04:47

[抄题]:

We are given a binary tree (with root node root), a target node, and an integer value K.

Return a list of the values of all nodes that have a distance K from the target node.  The answer can be returned in any order.

Example 1:

Input: root = [3,5,1,6,2,0,8,null,null,7,4], target = 5, K = 2

Output: [7,4,1]

Explanation:
The nodes that are a distance 2 from the target node (with value 5)
have values 7, 4, and 1. 863. All Nodes Distance K in Binary Tree 到制定节点距离为k的节点 Note that the inputs "root" and "target" are actually TreeNodes.
The descriptions of the inputs above are just serializations of these objects.

Note:

  1. The given tree is non-empty.
  2. Each node in the tree has unique values 0 <= node.val <= 500.
  3. The target node is a node in the tree.
  4. 0 <= K <= 1000.

[暴力解法]:

时间分析:

空间分析:

[优化后]:

时间分析:

空间分析:

[奇葩输出条件]:

[奇葩corner case]:

[思维问题]:

没啥思路,以为是dfs就可以了。但是其实分为两步:

存储:把root,左右长度存在map中

取出来:length每次加一,递增为k

[英文数据结构或算法,为什么不用别的数据结构或算法]:

[一句话思路]:

[输入量]:空: 正常情况:特大:特小:程序里处理到的特殊情况:异常情况(不合法不合理的输入):

[画图]:

[一刷]:

  1. map中存的距离是找出left之后,left+1
  2. 在map中找root之前要先判断是否有这个key

[二刷]:

[三刷]:

[四刷]:

[五刷]:

[五分钟肉眼debug的结果]:

[总结]:

先在左边右边用dfs生成长度,存map。再用dfs的length+1找出所有节点

[复杂度]:Time complexity: O(n) Space complexity: O(n)

[算法思想:迭代/递归/分治/贪心]:

[关键模板化代码]:

int left = find(root.left, target, K);
if (left >= 0) {
map.put(root, left + 1);
return left + 1;
}

[其他解法]:

[Follow Up]:

[LC给出的题目变变变]:

[代码风格] :

[是否头一次写此类driver funcion的代码] :

[潜台词] :

class Solution {
//initialization: hashmap
HashMap<TreeNode, Integer> map = new HashMap<TreeNode, Integer>(); public List<Integer> distanceK(TreeNode root, TreeNode target, int K) {
List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<Integer>();
find(root, target, K);
dfs(root, 0, target, K, result);
return result;
} //find and store length
public int find(TreeNode root, TreeNode target, int K) {
//corner case: root == null
if (root == null) return -1; //root.val == target
if (target == root) {
map.put(root, 0);
return 0;
} //define left, right and add
int left = find(root.left, target, K);
if (left >= 0) {
map.put(root, left + 1);
return left + 1;
}
int right = find(root.right, target, K);
if (right >= 0) {
map.put(root, right + 1);
return right + 1;
} return -1;
} //add the points to res
public void dfs(TreeNode root, int length, TreeNode target, int K, List<Integer> res) {
//corner case
if (root == null) return ; //get length if there is key
if (map.containsKey(root)) {
length = map.get(root);
}
//add to res
if (length == K) res.add(root.val); //dfs in left and right
dfs(root.left, length + 1, target, K, res);
dfs(root.right, length + 1, target, K, res);
}
}

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