一．准备工作
不需要准备。
二．预览
1.启动
启动以后自动定位所在城市，展示定位城市的天气。
2.添加城市
3.展示多个城市天气
添加天气之后能够显示多个城市天气信息。
三．设计流程
1.获取城市天气信息过程
用此流程图展示定位城市信息到获取城市天气信息过程。
四．源代码
1.Weather_Tool-v1.0.py
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from PIL import Image,ImageTk
from tkinter import messagebox
from Weather_Spider import Weather_Get
from threading import Thread
import datetime
import time
"""
5-1
1.打开首页定位当前位置获取天气 (ip定位+jieba分词+城市号+城市天气) **5.11实现**
2.用户手动选择，查看当前所选城市天气 （Toplevel+Combobox） **已实现**
5-14
1.加入notepad，显示多个城市天气 （notebook Frame） **已实现**
2.频繁刷新检测（线程计时10秒） **已实现**
3.用户选择主题 (Menu.add_radiobutton()) **已实现**
4.一个窗口多个Combobox，怎样处理选择事件 **已实现**
5-15
1.右击notebook frame标题出现“关闭”菜单 **已砍掉**
2.用户添加了城市后，label出现在了最后的Frame中 **未实现**
"""
imgs=["./img/loading.png"]
class App:
def __init__(self):
self.w=Tk()
self.w.title("天气预报小工具-v1.0")
width=600
height=282
left=(self.w.winfo_screenwidth()-width)/2
top=(self.w.winfo_screenheight()-height)/2
self.w.geometry("%dx%d+%d+%d"%(width,height,left,top))
self.w.iconbitmap("biticon.ico")
self.w.resizable(False,False)
self.cerate_widgets()
self.first_launch()
self.set_widgets()
self.place_widgets()
self.thread_it(self.show_local_weather)
self.w.mainloop()
def cerate_widgets(self):
self.note=ttk.Notebook()
self.f1=Frame()
self.tree=ttk.Treeview(self.f1)
self.l1_var=StringVar()
self.l1=ttk.Label(self.f1,textvariable=self.l1_var)
self.m=Menu(self.w)
self.w["menu"]=self.m
self.s1=Menu(self.m,tearoff=False)
self.s2=Menu(self.m,tearoff=False)
self.s3=Menu(self.m,tearoff=False)
def set_widgets(self):
self.location=[]
style = ttk.Style(self.w)
style.theme_use("default")
columns=("rq","tq","flfx","zdqw","zgqw")
self.tree.config(show="headings",columns=columns)
self.tree.column(columns[0],anchor=CENTER,minwidth=95,width=110)
self.tree.column(columns[1],anchor=CENTER,minwidth=60,width=70)
self.tree.column(columns[2],anchor=CENTER,minwidth=90,width=100)
self.tree.column(columns[3],anchor=CENTER,minwidth=90,width=100)
self.tree.column(columns[4],anchor=CENTER,minwidth=90,width=100)
self.tree.heading("rq", text="日期")
self.tree.heading("tq", text="天气")
self.tree.heading("flfx", text="风向风力")
self.tree.heading("zdqw", text="最低气温")
self.tree.heading("zgqw", text="最高气温")
self.m.add_cascade(label="开始",menu=self.s1)
self.s1.add_command(label="aaa",command="")
self.s1.add_separator()
self.s1.add_command(label="退出",command=self.quit_window)
self.m.add_cascade(label="操作",menu=self.s2)
self.s2.add_command(label="刷新",command=lambda:self.thread_it(self.refresh_weather))
self.s2.add_command(label="添加城市",command=lambda:self.thread_it(self.select_city),state="disable")
s2_sub = Menu(self.s2, tearoff=0)
self.s2.add_separator()
self.s2.add_cascade(label="更换主题",menu=s2_sub)
self.m.add_cascade(label="关于",menu=self.s3)
self.s3.add_command(label="关于作者",command=lambda :messagebox.showinfo("关于作者","作者很神秘，什么都没留下"))
self.tree.tag_configure("evenColor",background="lightblue")
self.w.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW",self.quit_window)
themes=[ "default","clam", "alt", "classic"]
self.themevar=StringVar()
for i,t in enumerate(themes):
s2_sub.add_radiobutton(label=t,variable=self.themevar,command=lambda:self.thread_it(self.change_theme),value=t)
self.themevar.set("default")
def place_widgets(self):
self.note.place(x=0,y=0,width=600,height=282)
self.tree.place(x=0,y=0,width=600,height=150)
self.l1.place(x=0,y=150,height=85,width=600)
def first_launch(self):
"""
第一次启动，展示加载图片提示信息
:return:
"""
self.start_time=time.time()
paned = PanedWindow(self.w)
self.img = imgs
img = Image.open(self.img[0])
paned.image = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
self.load_img = Label(self.w, image=paned.image)
self.load_lab = Label(self.w, text="Loading...")
self.load_img.pack()
self.load_lab.pack()
def show_local_weather(self):
"""
展示定位天气信息
:return:
"""
self.l1_var.set("正在刷新天气......")
items = self.tree.get_children()
for item in items:
self.tree.delete(item)
try:
city,item=Weather_Get().get_local_weather()
self.load_img.destroy()
self.load_lab.destroy()
self.s2.entryconfig("添加城市", state="normal")
self.note.add(self.f1,text=city)
i=0
for data in item["recent"]:
self.tree.insert("", i, values=(
data.get("日期"), data.get("天气"), data.get("风力风向"), data.get("最低气温"), data.get("最高气温")))
i+=1
self.l1_var.set(f"今天：{self.show_date()}
当前所在地区：{city}
当前气温：{item["now"]}
感冒指数：{item["ganmao"]}")
except TypeError:
messagebox.showerror("错误","天气信息加载失败！")
self.l1_var.set("天气信息加载失败！")
self.s2.entryconfig("添加城市", state="normal")
def refresh_weather(self):
"""
刷新天气后，10秒内不能点击刷新
:return:
"""
self.s2.entryconfig("刷新", state="disable")
self.show_local_weather()
self.thread_it(self.wait_time)
def wait_time(self):
"""
线程计时10s，十秒后刷新按钮可点击
:return:
"""
time.sleep(10)
self.s2.entryconfig("刷新", state="normal")
def show_date(self):
"""
展示日期信息，便于天气展示
:return:
"""
date = str(datetime.date.today())
year,month,day=date.split("-")
week_day_dict = {
0: "星期一",
1: "星期二",
2: "星期三",
3: "星期四",
4: "星期五",
5: "星期六",
6: "星期日 ",
}
now=datetime.datetime.now()
date_index = now.weekday()
return f"{year}年{month}月{day}日 {week_day_dict[date_index]}"
def select_city(self):
"""
Toplevel让用户选择城市，后台获取城市号
:return:
"""
self.t=Toplevel()
self.t.resizable(0,0)
width=300
height=140
left=(self.t.winfo_screenwidth()-width)/2
top=(self.t.winfo_screenheight()-height)/2
self.t.geometry("%dx%d+%d+%d"%(width,height,left,top))
self.t.title("选择城市")
self.tl1=ttk.Label(self.t,text="请选择城市：")
self.tl1.pack()
provinces=Weather_Get().get_provinces()
self.tc1=ttk.Combobox(self.t,justify="center",state="readonly",value=provinces)
self.tc2=ttk.Combobox(self.t,justify="center",state="readonly")
self.tc1.pack()
self.tc1.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>",self.show_tc2_value)
self.tc2.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>",self.show_tc3_value)
self.tc2.pack()
self.tc3=ttk.Combobox(self.t,justify="center",state="readonly")
self.tc3.pack()
self.tb1=ttk.Button(self.t,text="选择",command=lambda :self.thread_it(self.ack_city))
self.tb1.pack(pady=10)
#----待完善
def ack_city(self):
"""
Toplevel中选择了城市，选择使用notebook中建立Frame展示所选城市信息
:return:
"""
cityno=self.get_city_no()
weather_item=Weather_Get().get_weather(cityno)
location=self.province_name+self.city_name+self.region
if location in self.location:
messagebox.showwarning("警告","此城市已添加，请勿重复添加！")
else:
self.location.append(location)
self.f2= Frame(takefocus=True)
self.note.add(self.f2, text=location)
self.tree2 = ttk.Treeview(self.f2)
columns = ("rq", "tq", "flfx", "zdqw", "zgqw")
self.tree2.config(show="headings", columns=columns)
self.tree2.column(columns[0], anchor=CENTER, minwidth=95, width=110)
self.tree2.column(columns[1], anchor=CENTER, minwidth=60, width=70)
self.tree2.column(columns[2], anchor=CENTER, minwidth=90, width=100)
self.tree2.column(columns[3], anchor=CENTER, minwidth=90, width=100)
self.tree2.column(columns[4], anchor=CENTER, minwidth=90, width=100)
self.tree2.heading("rq", text="日期")
self.tree2.heading("tq", text="天气")
self.tree2.heading("flfx", text="风向风力")
self.tree2.heading("zdqw", text="最低气温")
self.tree2.heading("zgqw", text="最高气温")
self.tree2.place(x=0,y=0,width=600,height=150)
# label_="label"+str(self.click_no)
# label_var="label"+str(self.click_no)+"_var"
self.fl1_var=StringVar()
self.fl1=ttk.Label(self.f2,textvariable=self.fl1_var)
self.fl1.place(x=0,y=150,height=85,width=600)
items = self.tree2.get_children()
for item in items:
self.tree2.delete(item)
try:
item = weather_item
city=location
i = 0
for data in item["recent"]:
self.tree2.insert("", i, values=(
data.get("日期"), data.get("天气"), data.get("风力风向"), data.get("最低气温"), data.get("最高气温")))
i += 1
self.fl1_var.set(f"今天：{self.show_date()}
当前所在地区：{city}
当前气温：{item["now"]}
感冒指数：{item["ganmao"]}")
except TypeError:
messagebox.showerror("错误","天气信息加载失败！")
self.fl1_var.set(f"{city}天气信息加载失败！")
self.t.destroy()
def change_tab(self,*args):
pass
def show_tc2_value(self,event):
"""
展示"市"级信息
:param event:
:return:
"""
self.tc2.config(value=[])
self.tc3.config(value=[])
self.province_name=self.tc1.get()
cities=Weather_Get().get_cities(self.province_name)
self.tc2.config(value=cities)
def show_tc3_value(self,event):
"""
展示"区/县"级信息
:param event:
:return:
"""
self.city_name=self.tc2.get()
regions=Weather_Get().get_regions(self.province_name,self.city_name)
self.tc3.config(value=regions)
def get_city_no(self):
"""
根据省、市、区、县 获取城市号
:return: 城市号
"""
self.region=self.tc3.get()
city_no=Weather_Get().get_city_id_by_add(self.province_name,self.city_name,self.region)
return city_no
def change_theme(self,):
"""
更换主题
:return:
"""
theme=self.themevar.get()
style = ttk.Style(self.w)
style.theme_use(theme)
def quit_window(self):
ret=messagebox.askyesno("退出","是否要退出？")
if ret:
self.w.destroy()
def thread_it(self,func,*args):
"""
防止线程冲突
:param func:
:param args:
:return:
"""
t=Thread(target=func,args=args)
t.setDaemon(True)
t.start()
if __name__ == "__main__":
a=App()
2.Weather_Spider.py
#coding:utf-8
import requests
import json
from lxml import etree
import jieba
class Weather_Get():
def __init__(self):
self.base_ip_url="http://ip-api.com/json"
self.location_url="https://ip.tool.chinaz.com/"
#获取中国国内城市--number接口
self.city_number_url="http://static.2ktq.com/sktq/common/city_China.json"
#天气查询接口
self.base_weather_url="http://wthrcdn.etouch.cn/weather_mini?citykey={}"
self.headers={
"user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.138 Safari/537.36",
}
self.item=self.get_city_item()
def request(self,url,headers):
"""
请求url，可自定义请求头
:param url: 请求的url
:param headers: 自定义的请求头
:return: 网页文本数据
"""
s=requests.session()
s.keep_alive=False
try:
r=s.get(url,headers=headers)
r.encoding="utf-8"
if r.status_code==200:
r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
return r.text
else:
return None
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
return None
def get_city(self):
"""
通过ip定位到当前城市
:return:所在省市位置信息
"""
my_headers={
"Connection": "keep-alive",
"Host": "ip.tool.chinaz.com",
"sec-ch-ua": ""Google Chrome";v="89", "Chromium";v="89", ";Not A Brand";v="99"",
"user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.138 Safari/537.36",
"Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1"
}
res = etree.HTML(self.request(self.location_url,headers=my_headers))
location = res.xpath("//div[@class="WhoIpWrap jspu"]//span[@class="Whwtdhalf w30-0 lh24 tl ml80"]/em/text()")
#结巴分词好费时间啊
jieba_cut_result = jieba.lcut("".join(location))
try:
#去除首位的国家和网络类型
del jieba_cut_result[0]
del jieba_cut_result[-1]
item = {}
# 如果结果为类似 石家庄裕华 则自动加入市区
if jieba_cut_result[0]!=jieba_cut_result[1]:
item["province"] = jieba_cut_result[0] + "市"
item["city"] = jieba_cut_result[1] + "区"
return item
else:
# 如果结果为类似 北京北京 则自动加入市
item["province"] = jieba_cut_result[0] + "市"
item["city"] = jieba_cut_result[1] + "市"
return item
except IndexError:
return False
def get_city_item(self):
res =self.request(self.city_number_url,headers=self.headers)
item=eval("{"cities":"+res+"}")
return item
def get_provinces(self):
province=[p for p in self.item["cities"]]
#print(province)
return province
def get_cities(self,province):
cities_=self.item["cities"][province]
cities=[city for city in cities_.keys()]
return cities
def get_regions(self,province,city):
regions_=self.item["cities"][province][city]
regions=[region for region in regions_.keys()]
#print(province,city,regions)
return regions
def get_city_id_by_add(self,province,city,region=""):
if region=="":
city_no=self.item["cities"][province][city][city].replace("CN","")
else:
city_no=self.item["cities"][province][city][region].replace("CN","")
return city_no
def get_cityid(self,province,city):
"""
通过省、市在字典中查找对应的城市号
:param province: 省
:param city: 市
:return: 城市号
"""
if province in self.item["cities"].keys():
try:
#河北省唐山市唐山市（通常的省市）
number=self.item["cities"][province].get(city).get(city).replace("CN","")
return number
except AttributeError:
number=self.item["cities"][province].get(province).get(city).replace("CN","")
return number
else:
print("未检索到关于{}{}的信息！".format(province,city))
def get_weather(self,number):
weather_data = json.loads(self.request(self.base_weather_url.format(number),self.headers))
# pprint.pprint(weather_data)
data=weather_data["data"]
item={}
yesterday={}
item_list=[]
yesterday["日期"]=data["yesterday"]["date"]+"（昨天）"
item["now"]=data["wendu"]+"℃"
item["ganmao"]=data["ganmao"]
yesterday["天气"]=data["yesterday"]["type"]
yesterday["风力风向"]=data["yesterday"]["fx"]+data["yesterday"]["fl"].replace("<![CDATA[","").replace("]]>","")
yesterday["最低气温"]=data["yesterday"]["low"].replace("低温 ","")
yesterday["最高气温"]=data["yesterday"]["high"].replace("高温 ","")
item_list.append(yesterday)
count=0
for weateher in data["forecast"]:
item2={}
if count==0:
date=weateher["date"]+"（今天）"
elif count==1:
date=weateher["date"]+"（明天）"
elif count==2:
date=weateher["date"]+"（后天）"
else:
date=weateher["date"]+f"（{count-1}天后）"
item2["日期"]=date
item2["天气"] = weateher["type"]
item2["风力风向"]=weateher["fengxiang"]+weateher["fengli"].replace("<![CDATA[","").replace("]]>","")
item2["最低气温"] = weateher["low"].replace("低温 ", "")
item2["最高气温"] = weateher["high"].replace("高温 ", "")
item_list.append(item2)
count+=1
item["recent"]=item_list
return item
def get_local_weather(self):
item=Weather_Get().get_city()
if item:
p=item["province"]
c=item["city"]
number=Weather_Get().get_cityid(p,c)
weather=Weather_Get().get_weather(number)
return p+c,weather
else:
return False
五．总结
本次使用Tkinter写了一款天气预报小工具，基本支持全国每个省市的天气预报，支持历史天气（昨天）查看，虽然基本功能能够实现，但是仍旧存在两个小问题：
1.添加超过两个城市天气后，具体城市信息会显示在最新添加的Freame中。
2.ip定位不准确。
本程序还有两个特色：
1.支持更换主题。
2.程序首次启动加入了加载过渡。
其他的彩蛋，您自己去发现吧！
程序放在了蓝奏云。思路、代码方面有什么不足欢迎各位大佬指正、批评！
以上就是python制作的天气预报小工具(gui界面)的详细内容，更多关于python 天气预报工具的资料请关注服务器之家其它相关文章！
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/a1397852386/article/details/116947547