一、socketserver模块介绍
基于tcp套接字，关键的就是两个循环，一个是链接循环，一个是通信循环
socketserver模块中分两大类：srever类（解决链接问题）和request类（解决通信问题）
以下述代码为例，分析socketserver源码：
ftpserver=socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),FtpServer)
ftpserver.serve_forever()
查找属性的顺序：ThreadingTCPServer->ThreadingMixIn->TCPServer->BaseServer
- 实例化得到ftpserver，先找类ThreadingTCPServer的__init__,在TCPServer中找到，进而执行server_bind,server_active
- 找ftpserver下的serve_forever,在BaseServer中找到，进而执行self._handle_request_noblock()，该方法同样是在BaseServer中
- 执行self._handle_request_noblock()进而执行request, client_address = self.get_request()（就是TCPServer中的self.socket.accept()），然后执行self.process_request(request, client_address)
- 在ThreadingMixIn中找到process_request，开启多线程应对并发，进而执行process_request_thread，执行self.finish_request(request, client_address)
- 上述四部分完成了链接循环，本部分开始进入处理通讯部分，在BaseServer中找到finish_request,触发我们自己定义的类的实例化，去找__init__方法，而我们自己定义的类没有该方法，则去它的父类也就是BaseRequestHandler中找....
源码分析总结：
基于tcp的socketserver我们自己定义的类中的
- self.server即套接字对象
- self.request即一个链接
- self.client_address即客户端地址
基于udp的socketserver我们自己定义的类中的
- self.request是一个元组（第一个元素是客户端发来的数据，第二部分是服务端的udp套接字对象），如(b'adsf', <socket.socket fd=200, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_DGRAM, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 8080)>)
- self.client_address即客户端地址
二、socketserver应用
import socketserver
class MyTCPhandle(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler): #必须继承socketserver.BaseRequestHandler这个类
def handle(self): #必须要实现一个handle方法
# print(self.request) #self.request相当于conn
# print(self.client_address) #('127.0.0.1', 51393) self.client_address相当于addr
while True:
try:
data = self.request.recv(1024) #IO操作
self.request.send(data.upper())
except Exception:
break
self.request.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
server = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080),MyTCPhandle) #开启线程。accept方法也包括了
server.allow_reuse_address = True #默认为False，设为True,相当于 server.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,1) 重用地址
server.serve_forever() #一直开启，相当于我们以前做的链接循环
服务端
from socket import *
client = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8080))
while True:
cmd = input('>>:').strip()
if not cmd:continue
client.send(cmd.encode('utf-8'))
data = client.recv(1024)
print('接受的是：%s'%data.decode('utf-8'))
client.close()
客户端
三、上传下载文件（这里只是上传）
import socket
import struct
import json
import subprocess
import os class MYTCPServer:
address_family = socket.AF_INET
socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM
allow_reuse_address = False
max_packet_size = 8192
coding='utf-8'
request_queue_size = 5
server_dir='file_upload'
def __init__(self, server_address, bind_and_activate=True):
self.server_address=server_address
self.socket = socket.socket(self.address_family,
self.socket_type)
if bind_and_activate:
try:
self.server_bind()
self.server_activate()
except:
self.server_close()
raise def server_bind(self):
if self.allow_reuse_address:
self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
self.socket.bind(self.server_address)
self.server_address = self.socket.getsockname() def server_activate(self):
self.socket.listen(self.request_queue_size) def server_close(self):
self.socket.close() def get_request(self):
return self.socket.accept() def close_request(self, request):
request.close() def run(self):
while True:
self.conn,self.client_addr=self.get_request()
print('from client ',self.client_addr)
while True:
try:
head_struct = self.conn.recv(4)
if not head_struct:break head_len = struct.unpack('i', head_struct)[0]
head_json = self.conn.recv(head_len).decode(self.coding)
head_dic = json.loads(head_json) print(head_dic)
#head_dic={'cmd':'put','filename':'a.txt','filesize':123123}
cmd=head_dic['cmd']
if hasattr(self,cmd):
func=getattr(self,cmd)
func(head_dic)
except Exception:
break def put(self,args):
file_path=os.path.normpath(os.path.join(
self.server_dir,
args['filename']
)) filesize=args['filesize']
recv_size=0
print('----->',file_path)
with open(file_path,'wb') as f:
while recv_size < filesize:
recv_data=self.conn.recv(self.max_packet_size)
f.write(recv_data)
recv_size+=len(recv_data)
print('recvsize:%s filesize:%s' %(recv_size,filesize)) tcpserver1=MYTCPServer(('127.0.0.1',8080)) tcpserver1.run()
服务端
import socket
import struct
import json
import os class MYTCPClient:
address_family = socket.AF_INET
socket_type = socket.SOCK_STREAM
allow_reuse_address = False
max_packet_size = 8192
coding='utf-8'
request_queue_size = 5
def __init__(self, server_address, connect=True):
self.server_address=server_address
self.socket = socket.socket(self.address_family,
self.socket_type)
if connect:
try:
self.client_connect()
except:
self.client_close()
raise
def client_connect(self):
self.socket.connect(self.server_address)
def client_close(self):
self.socket.close()
def run(self):
while True:
inp=input(">>: ").strip()
if not inp:continue
l=inp.split()
cmd=l[0]
if hasattr(self,cmd):
func=getattr(self,cmd)
func(l) def put(self,args):
cmd=args[0]
filename=args[1]
if not os.path.isfile(filename):
print('file:%s is not exists' %filename)
return
else:
filesize=os.path.getsize(filename) head_dic={'cmd':cmd,'filename':os.path.basename(filename),'filesize':filesize}
print(head_dic)
head_json=json.dumps(head_dic)
head_json_bytes=bytes(head_json,encoding=self.coding) head_struct=struct.pack('i',len(head_json_bytes))
self.socket.send(head_struct)
self.socket.send(head_json_bytes)
send_size=0
with open(filename,'rb') as f:
for line in f:
self.socket.send(line)
send_size+=len(line)
print(send_size)
else:
print('upload successful')
client=MYTCPClient(('127.0.0.1',8080))
client.run()
客户端
