Python解析XML文件

时间：2023-03-09 14:35:47
Python解析XML文件

XML与JSON的互相转化详见：XML模块

https://www.cnblogs.com/shengyang17/p/8606223.html

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<data>

    <country name="Liechtenstein">

        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>

        <year>2008</year>

        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>

        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>

        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>

    </country>

    <country name="Singapore">

        <rank updated="yes">5</rank>

        <year>2011</year>

        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>

        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>

    </country>

    <country name="Panama">

        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>

        <year>2011</year>

        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>

        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>

        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>

    </country>

</data>
# coding=utf-8

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")  #open

root = tree.getroot() #f.seek(0)  <Element 'data' at 0x027EAAE0>

print(root.tag) #data 根节点

for child in root:

    print('-------------',child.tag,child.attrib) #------------- country {'name': 'Liechtenstein'}

    for i in child:

        print(i.tag, i.text) ##获取xml: <rank updated="yes">2</rank>    <year>2008</year>

'''                                                ##rank 2                 year 2008

------------- country {'name': 'Liechtenstein'}

rank 2

year 2008

gdppc 141100

neighbor None

neighbor None

------------- country {'name': 'Singapore'}

rank 5

year 2011

gdppc 59900

neighbor None

------------- country {'name': 'Panama'}

rank 69

year 2011

gdppc 13600

neighbor None

neighbor None

'''

for node in root.iter('year'): ##只遍历year节点

    print(node.tag, node.text)

'''

year 2008

year 2011

year 2011

'''

event.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>

<Events>

    <Event xmlns1='http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event'>

        <System>

            <Provider Name='Microsoft-Windows-Security-SPP' Guid='{E23B3380-C8C9-472C-F28DFEA0F156}' EventSourceName='Software Protection Platform Server'></Provider>

            <EventID Qualifiers='16384'>902</EventID>

            <Version>0</Version>

            <Level>0</Level>

            <Task>0</Task>

            <Opcode>0</Opcode>

            <Keywords>0x80000000000</Keywords>

            <TimeCreated SystemTime='2018-12-25T09:08:59.00000000000Z'/>

            <EventRecordID>8634</EventRecordID>

            <Correlation/>

            <Execution ProcessID='0' ThreadID='0'/>

            <Channel>Application</Channel>

            <Computer>WIN-CANDBPBBOCN</Computer>

            <Security/>

        </System>

        <EventData>

            <Date>6.1.7601.17514</Date>

        </EventData>

        <RenderingInfo Culture='zh-CN'>

            <Message>软件保护服务已启动。6.1.7601.17514</Message>

            <Level>信息</Level>

            <Task></Task>

            <Opcode></Opcode>

            <Channel></Channel>

            <Provider>Microsoft-Window-Security-SPP</Provider>

            <keywords>

                <keyword>经典</keyword>

            </keywords>

        </RenderingInfo>

    </Event>

    <Event xmlns1='http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event'>

        <System>

            <Provider Name='Microsoft-Windows-Security-SPP' Guid='{E23B3380-C8C9-472C-F28DFEA0F156}' EventSourceName='Software Protection Platform Server'></Provider>

            <EventID Qualifiers='16384'>902</EventID>

            <Version>0</Version>

            <Level>0</Level>

            <Task>0</Task>

            <Opcode>0</Opcode>

            <Keywords>0x80000000000</Keywords>

            <TimeCreated SystemTime='2018-12-25T09:08:59.00000000000Z'/>

            <EventRecordID>8634</EventRecordID>

            <Correlation/>

            <Execution ProcessID='0' ThreadID='0'/>

            <Channel>Application</Channel>

            <Computer>WIN-CANDBPBBOCN</Computer>

            <Security/>

        </System>

        <EventData>

            <Date>6.1.7601.17514</Date>

        </EventData>

        <RenderingInfo Culture='zh-CN'>

            <Message>软件保护服务已启动。6.1.7601.17514</Message>

            <Level>信息</Level>

            <Task></Task>

            <Opcode></Opcode>

            <Channel></Channel>

            <Provider>Microsoft-Window-Security-SPP</Provider>

            <keywords>

                <keyword>经典</keyword>

            </keywords>

        </RenderingInfo>

    </Event>

    <Event xmlns1='http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event'>

        <System>

            <Provider Name='Microsoft-Windows-Security-SPP' Guid='{E23B3380-C8C9-472C-F28DFEA0F156}' EventSourceName='Software Protection Platform Server'></Provider>

            <EventID Qualifiers='16384'>902</EventID>

            <Version>0</Version>

            <Level>0</Level>

            <Task>0</Task>

            <Opcode>0</Opcode>

            <Keywords>0x80000000000</Keywords>

            <TimeCreated SystemTime='2018-12-25T09:08:59.00000000000Z'/>

            <EventRecordID>8634</EventRecordID>

            <Correlation/>

            <Execution ProcessID='0' ThreadID='0'/>

            <Channel>Application</Channel>

            <Computer>WIN-CANDBPBBOCN</Computer>

            <Security/>

        </System>

        <EventData>

            <Date>6.1.7601.17514</Date>

        </EventData>

        <RenderingInfo Culture='zh-CN'>

            <Message>软件保护服务已启动。6.1.7601.17514</Message>

            <Level>信息</Level>

            <Task></Task>

            <Opcode></Opcode>

            <Channel></Channel>

            <Provider>Microsoft-Window-Security-SPP</Provider>

            <keywords>

                <keyword>经典</keyword>

            </keywords>

        </RenderingInfo>

    </Event>

    <Event xmlns1='http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event'>

        <System>

            <Provider Name='Microsoft-Windows-Security-SPP' Guid='{E23B3380-C8C9-472C-F28DFEA0F156}' EventSourceName='Software Protection Platform Server'></Provider>

            <EventID Qualifiers='16384'>902</EventID>

            <Version>0</Version>

            <Level>0</Level>

            <Task>0</Task>

            <Opcode>0</Opcode>

            <Keywords>0x80000000000</Keywords>

            <TimeCreated SystemTime='2018-12-25T09:08:59.00000000000Z'/>

            <EventRecordID>8634</EventRecordID>

            <Correlation/>

            <Execution ProcessID='0' ThreadID='0'/>

            <Channel>Application</Channel>

            <Computer>WIN-CANDBPBBOCN</Computer>

            <Security/>

        </System>

        <EventData>

            <Date>6.1.7601.17514</Date>

        </EventData>

        <RenderingInfo Culture='zh-CN'>

            <Message>软件保护服务已启动。6.1.7601.17514</Message>

            <Level>信息</Level>

            <Task></Task>

            <Opcode></Opcode>

            <Channel></Channel>

            <Provider>Microsoft-Window-Security-SPP</Provider>

            <keywords>

                <keyword>经典</keyword>

            </keywords>

        </RenderingInfo>

    </Event>

</Events>
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

def es(mvalue):

    pass

def packNodes(nodes,m):

    '''

    去除空字典方法

    if len(nodes) < 0 or nodes.attrib == None or nodes.text == None:

        return

    '''

    if len(nodes) < 0:

        return

    tag = nodes.tag ##所有的{key: value}key值

    text = nodes.text ##所有的value值

    m[tag] = {} ## m = {}空字典,把key值添加到新字典中；比如：{'Events': {}} {'Event': {}}, m的value作为{}空字典

    m[tag].update(nodes.attrib) #nodes.attrib是打印出 把=两边的作为{key: value }字典的形式--作为m字典的value

    #print(m) #{'Events': {}}  {'Event': {'xmlns1': 'http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event'}}...

    if text != None:

        if text.strip() != "":

            m[tag]["value"] = text #去除空值和空格

    for node in nodes: #nodes一开始是作为根节点

        packNodes(node,m[tag]) ##递归调用

def main():

    # 创建文档树

    tree = ET.ElementTree(file="event.xml")

    # 获取根节点

    root = tree.getroot()

    print(root)#<Element 'Events' at 0x01EAAB40>

    list = []

    for r in root:

        m = {}

        packNodes(root,m) #

        list.append(m)

    # root.attrib--->字典

    # root.tag   --->字符串

    # root.text  --->字符串

    # 元素封装到map中

    '''

    封装单个数组

    m = {}

    packNodes(root,m)

    '''

    print(list)

    # es(m)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    main()

结果如下：

[{'Events':

    {'Event': {'xmlns1': 'http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event',

    'System':

        {'Provider': {'Name': 'Microsoft-Windows-Security-SPP', 'Guid': '{E23B3380-C8C9-472C-F28DFEA0F156}', 'EventSourceName': 'Software ProtectionPlatform Server'},

        'EventID': {'Qualifiers': '', 'value': ''},

        'Version': {'value': ''}, 'Level': {'value': ''},

        'Task': {'value': ''},

        'Opcode': {'value': ''},

        'Keywords': {'value': '0x80000000000'},

        'TimeCreated': {'SystemTime': '2018-12-25T09:08:59.00000000000Z'},

        'EventRecordID': {'value': ''},

        'Correlation': {},

        'Execution': {'ProcessID': '', 'ThreadID': ''},

        'Channel': {'value': 'Application'},

        'Computer': {'value': 'WIN-CANDBPBBOCN'},

        'Security': {}},

    'EventData': {'Date': {'value': '6.1.7601.17514'}},

    'RenderingInfo': {'Culture': 'zh-CN', 'Message': {'value': '软件保护服务已启动。6.1.7601.17514'}, 'Level':{'value': '信息'}, 'Task': {}, 'Opcode': {}, 'Channel': {}, 'Provider': {'value': 'Microsoft-Window-Security-SPP'}, 'keywords': {'keyword': {'value': '经典'}}}

}}},

{'Events':

    {'Event': {'xmlns1': 'http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event', 'System': {'Provider': {'Name': 'Microsoft-Windows-Security-SPP',

'Guid': '{E23B3380-C8C9-472C-F28DFEA0F156}', 'EventSourceName': 'Software Protec

tion Platform Server'}, 'EventID': {'Qualifiers': '16384', 'value': '902'}, 'Ver

sion': {'value': '0'}, 'Level': {'value': '0'}, 'Task': {'value': '0'}, 'Opcode'

: {'value': ''}, 'Keywords': {'value': '0x80000000000'}, 'TimeCreated': {'Syste

mTime': '2018-12-25T09:08:59.00000000000Z'}, 'EventRecordID': {'value': '8634'},

 'Correlation': {}, 'Execution': {'ProcessID': '', 'ThreadID': ''}, 'Channel':

 {'value': 'Application'}, 'Computer': {'value': 'WIN-CANDBPBBOCN'}, 'Security':

 {}}, 'EventData': {'Date': {'value': '6.1.7601.17514'}}, 'RenderingInfo': {'Cul

ture': 'zh-CN', 'Message': {'value': '软件保护服务已启动。6.1.7601.17514'}, 'Lev

el': {'value': '信息'}, 'Task': {}, 'Opcode': {}, 'Channel': {}, 'Provider': {'v

alue': 'Microsoft-Window-Security-SPP'}, 'keywords': {'keyword': {'value': '经典

'}}}}}},

...]

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