Spring JDBC批量操作

时间：2023-06-06 12:36:02

以下示例将演示如何使用spring jdbc进行批量更新。我们将在单次批次操作中更新student表中的记录。

student表的结果如下 -

CREATE TABLE student(

   id   INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

   name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,

   age  INT NOT NULL,

   PRIMARY KEY (id)

);
SQL

语法：

String SQL = "update Student set age = ? where id = ?";

int[] updateCounts = jdbcTemplateObject.batchUpdate(SQL,

   new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {

      public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps, int i) throws SQLException {

         ps.setInt(1, students.get(i).getAge());

         ps.setInt(2, students.get(i).getId());

      }

      public int getBatchSize() {

         return students.size();

      }

   });
Java

在上面语法中 -

  • SQL - 更新语句以更新学生的年龄。
  • BatchPreparedStatementSetter - 批量执行者，在PerparedStatement对象中设置每个项目的值，由学生对象和索引i列出。 getBatchSize()返回批处理的数量。
  • jdbcTemplateObject - NamedParameterJdbcTemplate对象来更新数据库中的学生对象。
  • updateCounts - int数组包含每个更新查询更新的行计数(数量)。

创建项目

要了解上面提到的Spring JDBC相关的概念，这里创建一个项目用来演示如何执行批量更新。打开Eclipse IDE，并按照以下步骤创建一个名称为：BatchOperation 的Spring应用程序项目。

步骤说明

  1. 参考第一个Spring JDBC项目来创建一个Maven项目 - http://www.yiibai.com/springjdbc/first_application.html
  2. 更新bean配置并运行应用程序。

完整的项目结构如下所示 -

Spring JDBC批量操作

文件 : pom.xml 的内容 -

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.yiibai</groupId>

    <artifactId>BatchOperation</artifactId>

    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>BatchOperation</name>

    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>junit</groupId>

            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

            <version>3.8.1</version>

            <scope>test</scope>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>mysql</groupId>

            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

            <version>5.1.40</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>

            <version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>

            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

以下是数据访问对象接口文件：StudentDAO.java的代码内容：

package com.yiibai;

import java.util.List;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

public interface StudentDAO {

    /**

     * This is the method to be used to initialize database resources ie.

     * connection.

     */

    public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);

    /**

     * This is the method to be used to list down all the records from the

     * Student table.

     */

    public List<Student> listStudents();

     public void create(String name, Integer age);

    public void batchUpdate(final List<Student> students);

}
Java

以下是文件：Student.java的代码内容：

package com.yiibai;

public class Student {

    private Integer age;

    private String name;

    private Integer id;

    public void setAge(Integer age) {

        this.age = age;

    }

    public Integer getAge() {

        return age;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {

        this.id = id;

    }

    public Integer getId() {

        return id;

    }

}
Java

以下是文件：StudentMapper.java的代码内容：

package com.yiibai;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {

   public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {

      Student student = new Student();

      student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));

      student.setName(rs.getString("name"));

      student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));

      return student;

   }

}
Java

以下是文件：StudentJDBCTemplate.java的代码内容：

package com.yiibai;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import java.util.List;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BatchPreparedStatementSetter;

import java.sql.SQLException;

public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {

    private DataSource dataSource;

    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject;

    public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {

        this.dataSource = dataSource;

        this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);

    }

    public List<Student> listStudents() {

        String SQL = "select * from Student";

        List<Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL, new StudentMapper());

        return students;

    }

    public void batchUpdate(final List<Student> students) {

        String SQL = "update Student set age = ? where id = ?";

        int[] updateCounts = jdbcTemplateObject.batchUpdate(SQL, new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {

            public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps, int i) throws SQLException {

                ps.setInt(1, students.get(i).getAge());

                ps.setInt(2, students.get(i).getId());

            }

            public int getBatchSize() {

                return students.size();

            }

        });

        System.out.println("Records updated!");

    }

    public void create(String name, Integer age) {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

          String insertQuery = "insert into student (name, age) values (?, ?)";

          jdbcTemplateObject.update( insertQuery, name, age);

          System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age);

          return;

    }

}
Java

以下是程序执行入口文件：MainApp.java的代码内容：

package com.yiibai;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.yiibai.StudentJDBCTemplate;

public class MainApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application-beans.xml");

        StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = (StudentJDBCTemplate) context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");

        System.out.println("------Records Creation--------");

        studentJDBCTemplate.create("Maxsu", 21);

        studentJDBCTemplate.create("Curry", 22);

        studentJDBCTemplate.create("Weiwei", 25);

        List<Student> initialStudents = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();

        System.out.println("Initial Students");

        for (Student student2 : initialStudents) {

            System.out.print("ID : " + student2.getId());

            System.out.println(", Age : " + student2.getAge());

        }

        Student student = new Student();

        student.setId(1);

        student.setAge(25);

        Student student1 = new Student();

        student1.setId(3);

        student1.setAge(25);

        List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>();

        students.add(student);

        students.add(student1);

        studentJDBCTemplate.batchUpdate(students);

        List<Student> updatedStudents = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();

        System.out.println("Updated Students");

        for (Student student3 : updatedStudents) {

            System.out.print("ID : " + student3.getId());

            System.out.println(", Age : " + student3.getAge());

        }

    }

}
Java

以下是Bean和数据库配置文件：application-beans.xml的代码内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd ">

    <!-- Initialization for data source -->

    <bean id="dataSource"

        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">

        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />

        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true" />

        <property name="username" value="root" />

        <property name="password" value="123456" />

    </bean>

    <!-- Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean -->

    <bean id="studentJDBCTemplate" class="com.yiibai.StudentJDBCTemplate">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

    </bean>

</beans>
XML

注意： application-beans.xml 文件的位置是：{workspace}/fistapp/src/main/java 目录，如果放置错了，程序可能会因为找不到此配置文件而出错。

完成创建源代码和bean和数据库连接信息的文件配置后，运行应用程序。这里先简单说明一下运行的步骤，在项目名称(BatchOperation)上点击右键，在弹出的菜单中选择：【Run As】-> 【Maven test】

在运行测试成功后，应该会输出类似以下内容(含有 BUILD SUCCESS 的信息) 。
接下来，点击类文件：MainApp.java 选择【Run As】->【Java Application】，如果应用程序一切正常，这将打印以下消息：

------Records Creation--------

Created Record Name = Maxsu Age = 21

Created Record Name = Curry Age = 22

Created Record Name = Weiwei Age = 25

Initial Students

ID : 1, Age : 21

ID : 2, Age : 22

ID : 3, Age : 25

Records updated!

Updated Students

ID : 1, Age : 25

ID : 2, Age : 22

ID : 3, Age : 25
Shell

数据库中的student表中的数据被修改为：

mysql> select * from student;

+----+--------+-----+

| id | name   | age |

+----+--------+-----+

|  1 | Maxsu  |  25 |

|  2 | Curry  |  22 |

|  3 | Weiwei |  25 |

+----+--------+-----+

3 rows in set

mysql>

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