iOS开发UI篇—transframe属性(形变)

时间:2022-03-24 12:35:59

iOS开发UI篇—transframe属性(形变)

1. transform属性

在OC中,通过transform属性可以修改对象的平移、缩放比例和旋转角度

常用的创建transform结构体方法分两大类

(1) 创建“基于控件初始位置”的形变

CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(平移)

CGAffineTransformMakeScale(缩放)

CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(旋转)

(2) 创建“基于transform参数”的形变

CGAffineTransformTranslate

CGAffineTransformScale

CGAffineTransformRotate

补充:

在OC中,所有跟角度相关的数值,都是弧度值,180° = M_PI

正数表示顺时针旋转

负数表示逆时针旋转

提示:由于transform属性可以基于控件的上一次的状态进行叠加形变,例如,先旋转再平移。因此在实际动画开发中,当涉及位置、尺寸形变效果时,大多修改控件的transform属性,而不是frame、bounds、center 。

2.代码示例

 //
// YYViewController.m
// 01-练习使用按钮的frame和center属性
//
// Created by apple on 14-5-21.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 itcase. All rights reserved.
// #import "YYViewController.h" //私有扩展
@interface YYViewController () @property(nonatomic,weak)IBOutlet UIButton *headImageView;
@end @implementation YYViewController //枚举类型,从1开始
//枚举类型有一个很大的作用,就是用来代替程序中的魔法数字
typedef enum
{
ktopbtntag=,
kdownbtntag,
krightbtntag,
kleftbtntag
}btntag; //viewDidLoad是视图加载完成后调用的方法,通常在此方法中执行视图控制器的初始化工作
- (void)viewDidLoad
{ //在viewDidLoad方法中,不要忘记调用父类的方法实现
[super viewDidLoad]; //手写控件代码
//一、写一个按钮控件,上面有一张图片 //1.使用类创建一个按钮对象
// UIButton *headbtn=[[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100 ,100, 100, 100)];
//设置按钮对象为自定义型
UIButton *headbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom]; //2.设置对象的各项属性 //(1)位置等通用属性设置
headbtn.frame=CGRectMake(, , , ); //(2)设置普通状态下按钮的属性
[headbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"i"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[headbtn setTitle:@"点我!" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[headbtn setTitleColor:[UIColor redColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; //(3)设置高亮状态下按钮的属性
[headbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"a"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[headbtn setTitle:@"还行吧~" forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[headbtn setTitleColor:[UIColor blueColor] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted]; //3.把对象添加到视图中展现出来
[self.view addSubview:headbtn];
//注意点!
self.headImageView=headbtn; //二、写四个控制图片左右上下移动方向的按钮控件 /**================向上的按钮=====================*/
//1.创建按钮对象
UIButton *topbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom]; //2.设置对象的属性
topbtn.frame=CGRectMake(, , , );
[topbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"top_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[topbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"top_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[topbtn setTag:];
//3.把控件添加到视图中
[self.view addSubview:topbtn]; //4.按钮的单击控制事件
[topbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(Click:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; /**================向下的按钮=====================*/
//1.创建按钮对象
UIButton *downbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
//2.设置对象的属性
downbtn.frame=CGRectMake(, , , );
[downbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bottom_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[downbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bottom_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[downbtn setTag:];
//3.把控件添加到视图中
[self.view addSubview:downbtn]; //4.按钮的单击控制事件
[downbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(Click:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; /**================向左的按钮=====================*/
//1.创建按钮对象
UIButton *leftbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
//2.设置对象的属性
leftbtn.frame=CGRectMake(, , , );
[leftbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[leftbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[leftbtn setTag:];
//3.把控件添加到视图中
[self.view addSubview:leftbtn]; //4.按钮的单击控制事件
[leftbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(Click:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; /**================向右的按钮=====================*/
//1.创建按钮对象
UIButton *rightbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
//2.设置对象的属性
rightbtn.frame=CGRectMake(, , , );
[rightbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[rightbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[rightbtn setTag:];
//3.把控件添加到视图中
[self.view addSubview:rightbtn]; //4.按钮的单击控制事件
[rightbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(Click:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; //三、写两个缩放按钮
/**================放大的按钮=====================*/
//1.创建对象
UIButton *plusbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
//2.设置属性
plusbtn.frame=CGRectMake(, , , );
[plusbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"plus_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[plusbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"plus_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[plusbtn setTag:];
//3.添加到视图
[self.view addSubview:plusbtn];
//4.单击事件
[plusbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(Zoom:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; /**================缩小的按钮=====================*/
UIButton *minusbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
minusbtn.frame=CGRectMake(, , , );
[minusbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"minus_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[minusbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"minus_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[minusbtn setTag:];
[self.view addSubview:minusbtn];
[minusbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(Zoom:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; /**================向左旋转按钮=====================*/
UIButton *leftrotatebtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
[leftrotatebtn setFrame:CGRectMake(, , , )];
[leftrotatebtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_rotate_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[leftrotatebtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_rotate_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[leftrotatebtn setTag:];
[self.view addSubview:leftrotatebtn];
[leftrotatebtn addTarget:self action:@selector(Rotate:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; /**================向右旋转按钮=====================*/
UIButton *rightrotatebtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
[rightrotatebtn setFrame:CGRectMake(, , , )];
[rightrotatebtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_rotate_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[rightrotatebtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_rotate_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[rightbtn setTag:];
[self.view addSubview:rightrotatebtn];
[rightrotatebtn addTarget:self action:@selector(Rotate:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
} //控制方向的多个按钮调用同一个方法
-(void)Click:(UIButton *)button
{ //练习使用frame属性
//CGRect frame=self.headImageView.frame; /**注意,这里如果控制位置的两个属性frame和center同时使用的话,会出现很好玩的效果,注意分析*/
//练习使用center属性
CGPoint center=self.headImageView.center;
switch (button.tag) {
case ktopbtntag:
center.y-=;
break;
case kdownbtntag:
center.y+=;
break;
case kleftbtntag:
//发现一个bug,之前的问题是因为少写了break,造成了它们的顺序执行,sorry
//center.x=center.x-30;
center.x-=;
break;
case krightbtntag:
center.x+=;
break;
} // self.headImageView.frame=frame; //首尾式设置动画效果
[UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil];
self.headImageView.center=center;
//设置时间
[UIView setAnimationDuration:2.0];
[UIView commitAnimations];
NSLog(@"移动!"); }
-(void)Zoom:(UIButton *)btn
{
//使用bounds,以中心点位原点进行缩放
CGRect bounds = self.headImageView.bounds;
if (btn.tag) {
bounds.size.height+=;
bounds.size.width+=;
}
else
{
bounds.size.height-=;
bounds.size.width-=;
} //设置首尾动画
[UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil];
self.headImageView.bounds=bounds;
[UIView setAnimationDuration:2.0];
[UIView commitAnimations];
} -(void)Rotate:(UIButton *)rotate
{
//位移(不累加)
//self.headImageView.transform=CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(50, 200);
//缩放
//self.headImageView.transform=CGAffineTransformMakeScale(1.2, 10);
//在原有的基础上位移(是累加的)
//self.headImageView.transform=CGAffineTransformTranslate(self.headImageView.transform, 50, 50);
//在原有的基础上进行缩放
//self.headImageView.transform=CGAffineTransformScale(self.headImageView.transform, 1.5, 1.6); //在原有的基础上进行旋转
if (rotate.tag) {
//旋转角度为1/pi,逆时针
self.headImageView.transform=CGAffineTransformRotate(self.headImageView.transform, -M_1_PI);
}
else
{
//旋转的角度为pi/2,顺时针
self.headImageView.transform=CGAffineTransformRotate(self.headImageView.transform, M_PI_2);
} }
@end

实现效果:

iOS开发UI篇—transframe属性(形变)

3.viewDidLoad

viewDidLoad是视图加载完成后调用的方法,通常在此方法中执行视图控制器的初始化工作

在viewDidLoad方法中,一定不要忘记调用父类的方法实现

[super viewDidLoad];