在web项目中搭建一个spring mvc + spring + mybatis的环境

时间:2023-03-08 22:22:10
在web项目中搭建一个spring mvc + spring + mybatis的环境

介绍:本文中示范搭建一个ssm环境的框架:使用流程就是客户端通过http请求访问指定的接口,然后由服务器接受到请求处理完成后将结果返回。

本项目请求流程细节介绍:由客户端请求到指定的接口,这个接口是个jsp的页面,在jsp页面中会自动请求jsp中指定的接口,请求到达comcat服务器后由spring mvc提供的DispatchServlet类进行接受,然后将请求交给HandierMapping接口的实现类去解析当前请求的所有参数,再交给HandlerAdaper接口的实现类去将所有参数和对象(如:Request, Response)封装后,再调用具体的后台逻辑中的controller接口。当controller接口执行完毕后会将结果返回给调用者(因为这里直接请求后台的是jsp所以会返回给jsp),然后由jsp将结果进行美化后展示给浏览器展现出来。本项目中前端展示用jsp来展示的,其实也可以用前后分离的方式,将后端的处理结果直接响应给前端,然后前端接受到后直接自己专门用专业的前端技术处理结果,然后展示给客户端即可。

*jsp处理简介:jsp其实也就是servlet,因为tomcat中有一个servlet会将jsp文件读取过来然后自动生成对应的java代码,其中的标签就用字符串描述以IO流方式输出打印到浏览器。

上代码:

数据库:

在web项目中搭建一个spring mvc + spring + mybatis的环境

1.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<!-- 配置上下文参数:就是配置spring的xml路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param> <!-- 配置监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener> <!-- 配置spring前端控制器,用于接受所有的http请求的一个servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 添加自启动,在加载这个在服务器刚开始加载这个文件的时候就将此Servlet实例化了,如果不加,则等到真正调用
时才会实例化 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- 配置访问名叫springmvc的这个servlet时:除过一点jsp结尾的请求会被过滤外,其他请求皆会接受 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping> <!-- 配置字符编码过滤器:当前只对post请求有效,其他请求没试过,get请求不行 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<!-- 配置将哪些路径请求编码,这里配置的是所有 -->
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 修改Tomcat默认首页的jsp文件,此处配置了aa.jsp,那么如果直接访问http://localhost:8080/ssm/单独只有斜杠
的话就会直接走首页的jsp,此处已经将默认的index.jsp换为aa.jsp -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>aa.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

2.applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd" default-autowire="byName">
<!-- 扫描注解:但凡是此包下的类都会扫描,然后将其加载到spring的容器中,此时启动完成后spring的容器中就有此对象了 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.mr.li.service.impl"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 加载属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<!-- 配置读取数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- SqlSessionFactory -->
<bean id="factory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.mr.li.pojo"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 扫描器 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.mr.li.mapper"></property>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="factory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 事务管理器 -->
<bean id="txManage" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 声明式事务 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManage">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="ins*"/>
<tx:method name="del*"/>
<tx:method name="upd*"/>
<tx:method name="*" read-only="true"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- 配置aop -->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.mr.li.service.impl.*.*(..))" id="mypoint"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="mypoint"/>
</aop:config>
</beans>

3.db.properties:数据库参数properties文件

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = 123456

4.springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 扫描直接,只扫描controller包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.mr.li.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 注解驱动,注册HandlerMapping和HandlerAdapter -->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 设置静态资源 -->
<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"></mvc:resources>
<mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"></mvc:resources>
<mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"></mvc:resources>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

5.MenuMapper.java:相当于Dao层,java映射类(映射到mapper.xml中,而mapper.xml映射在spring的xml就是applicationContext.xml中有调用,调用处:id="factory")

package com.mr.li.mapper;
/**
* 相当于dao的Service
* @author Administrator
*
*/ import java.util.List; import com.mr.li.pojo.Menu; public interface MenuMapper { /**
* 根据pid获得菜单对象
* @param pid
* @return
*/
List<Menu> selectByPid(int pid);
}

6.MenuMapper.xml:映射xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.mr.li.mapper.MenuMapper">
<resultMap type="menu" id="mymap">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<collection property="children" select="com.mr.li.mapper.MenuMapper.selectByPid" column="id"></collection>
</resultMap>
<select id="selectByPid" parameterType="int" resultMap="mymap">
select * from menu where pid=#{0}
</select>
</mapper>

7.MenuController.java:客户端要访问的哪个接口

package com.mr.li.controller;

import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.mr.li.pojo.Menu;
import com.mr.li.service.MenuService; @Controller
public class MenuController { @Resource
private MenuService menuServiceImpl; @RequestMapping("show")
@ResponseBody
public List<Menu> show(){
return menuServiceImpl.show();
} @RequestMapping("show1")
@ResponseBody
public String show1(){
return "hello world";
} }

8.Menu.java 实体类

package com.mr.li.pojo;

import java.util.List;

public class Menu {

    private int id;
private String name;
private int pid;
private List<Menu> children;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getPid() {
return pid;
}
public void setPid(int pid) {
this.pid = pid;
}
public List<Menu> getChildren() {
return children;
}
public void setChildren(List<Menu> children) {
this.children = children;
}
}

9.service

package com.mr.li.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.mr.li.pojo.Menu;

public interface MenuService {

    /**
* 查看所有菜单
* @return
*/
List<Menu> show();
}

10.serviceImpl

package com.mr.li.service.impl;

import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.mr.li.mapper.MenuMapper;
import com.mr.li.pojo.Menu;
import com.mr.li.service.MenuService; @Service
public class MenuServiceImpl implements MenuService{ @Resource
private MenuMapper menuMapper; @Override
public List<Menu> show() {
return menuMapper.selectByPid(0);
} }

11.默认请求页面:aa.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.7.2.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function(){
$.post("show",function(data){
var result ="";
for(var i=0;i<data.length;i++){
result+="<dl>";
result+="<dt style='cursor:pointer'>"+data[i].name+"</dt>";
for(var j=0;j<data[i].children.length;j++){
result+="<dd>"+data[i].children[j].name+"</dd>";
}
result+="</dl>";
}
$("body").html(result);
}); //对所有父菜单添加点击事件
//live("事件名,多个事件使用空格分割",function(){})
$("dt").live("click",function(){
//slow normal fast 数值
$(this).siblings().slideToggle(1000);
}); })
</script>
</head>
<body> </body>
</html>

12.jquery-1.7.2:贴不了,自己导入,这不是重点:只要前端收到请求就好

项目页面分布:

在web项目中搭建一个spring mvc + spring + mybatis的环境

请求的url:http://localhost:8080/ssm/aa.jsp

在web项目中搭建一个spring mvc + spring + mybatis的环境