gailzhao 原文 关于C#操作EXCEL,生成图表的全面应用
近来我在开发一个运用C#生成EXCEL文档的程序，其中要根据数据生成相应的图表，该图表对颜色和格式都有严格的要求，在百度和谷歌中搜索了所有的相关信息，只有部分介绍，具体格式的介绍没有，经过我不断的实践和探索，终于完成了这项艰巨的任务。
有两种实现方式，一种是利用OWC11组件完成，一种运用Excel完成！
运用OWC11的完成，适合生成一个图形文件，之后不能不在文件中编辑；运用Excel则更适合利用EXCEL文件中的数据直 接在文件中加入图表，方便以后编辑！两种我都尝试了，由于我更适合于使用第二种，所以我开发的较完善。在这里公布源码供大家参考使用！
实例问题： 在EXCEL文档中生成如下数据（部分，数据中是日期对应的两种数据），在数据右侧根据数据生成图表。基金净值指数图表如下。
| 开放式基金 | 2008-1-2 | 5158.0456 |
| 4246.8861 | 2008-1-4 | 5214.2867 |
| 4325.5252 | 2008-1-8 | 5252.3962 |
一、利用Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel组件
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel; private void Btn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ //创建一个EXCEL文档
CreateExcel("标题","文档.XLS", "工作表名");
} private void CreateExcel(string title, string fileName, string sheetNames)
{
//待生成的文件名称
string FileName = fileName;
string FilePath = strCurrentPath + FileName; FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(FilePath);
if (fi.Exists) //判断文件是否已经存在,如果存在就删除!
{
fi.Delete();
}
if (sheetNames != null && sheetNames != "")
{
Excel.Application m_Excel = new Excel.Application();//创建一个Excel对象(同时启动EXCEL.EXE进程)
m_Excel.SheetsInNewWorkbook = 1;//工作表的个数
Excel._Workbook m_Book = (Excel._Workbook)(m_Excel.Workbooks.Add(Missing.Value));//添加新工作簿
Excel._Worksheet m_Sheet; #region 处理 DataSet ds= ScData.ListData("exec Vote_2008.dbo.P_VoteResult_Update " + int.Parse(fdate));
if (ds.Tables.Count<= 0)
{
MessageBox.Show("没有最新数据!");
return;
}
DataTableToSheet(title, ds.Tables[0], m_Sheet, m_Book, 0);
#endregion #region 保存Excel,清除进程
m_Book.SaveAs(FilePath, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
//m_Excel.ActiveWorkbook._SaveAs(FilePath, Excel.XlFileFormat.xlExcel9795, null, null, false, false, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, null, null, null, null, null);
m_Book.Close(false, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
m_Excel.Quit();
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(m_Book);
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(m_Excel); m_Book = null;
m_Sheet = null;
m_Excel = null;
GC.Collect();
//this.Close();//关闭窗体 #endregion
}
} #region 将DataTable中的数据写到Excel的指定Sheet中
/// <summary>
/// 将DataTable中的数据写到Excel的指定Sheet中
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dt"></param>
/// <param name="m_Sheet"></param>
public void DataTableToSheet(string title, DataTable dt, Excel._Worksheet m_Sheet,
Excel._Workbook m_Book, int startrow)
{ //以下是填写EXCEL中数据
Excel.Range range = m_Sheet.get_Range(m_Sheet.Cells[1, 1], m_Sheet.Cells[1, 2]);
range.MergeCells = true; //合并单元格
range.Font.Bold = true; //加粗单元格内字符
//写入题目
m_Sheet.Cells[startrow, startrow] = title;
int rownum = dt.Rows.Count;//行数
int columnnum = dt.Columns.Count;//列数
int num = rownum + 2; //得到数据中的最大行数 //写入列标题
for (int j = 0; j < columnnum; j++)
{
int bt_startrow = startrow + 1; //将字段名写入文档
m_Sheet.Cells[bt_startrow, 1 + j] = dt.Columns[j].ColumnName; //单元格内背景色
m_Sheet.get_Range(m_Sheet.Cells[bt_startrow, 1 + j], m_Sheet.Cells[bt_startrow, 1 + j]).Interior.ColorIndex = 15; } //逐行写入数据
for (int i = 0; i < rownum; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < columnnum; j++)
{
m_Sheet.Cells[startrow + 2 + i, 1 + j] = dt.Rows[i][j].ToString();
}
}
m_Sheet.Columns.AutoFit(); //在当前工作表中根据数据生成图表 CreateChart(m_Book, m_Sheet, num);
} private void CreateChart(Excel._Workbook m_Book,Excel._Worksheet m_Sheet,int num)
{
Excel.Range oResizeRange;
Excel.Series oSeries; m_Book.Charts.Add(Missing.Value, Missing.Value, 1, Missing.Value);
m_Book.ActiveChart.ChartType = Excel.XlChartType.xlLine;//设置图形 //设置数据取值范围
m_Book.ActiveChart.SetSourceData(m_Sheet.get_Range("A2", "C" + num.ToString()), Excel.XlRowCol.xlColumns);
//m_Book.ActiveChart.Location(Excel.XlChartLocation.xlLocationAutomatic, title);
//以下是给图表放在指定位置
m_Book.ActiveChart.Location(Excel.XlChartLocation.xlLocationAsObject, m_Sheet.Name);
oResizeRange = (Excel.Range)m_Sheet.Rows.get_Item(10, Missing.Value);
m_Sheet.Shapes.Item("Chart 1").Top = (float)(double)oResizeRange.Top; //调图表的位置上边距
oResizeRange = (Excel.Range)m_Sheet.Columns.get_Item(6, Missing.Value); //调图表的位置左边距
// m_Sheet.Shapes.Item("Chart 1").Left = (float)(double)oResizeRange.Left;
m_Sheet.Shapes.Item("Chart 1").Width = 400; //调图表的宽度
m_Sheet.Shapes.Item("Chart 1").Height = 250; //调图表的高度 m_Book.ActiveChart.PlotArea.Interior.ColorIndex = 19; //设置绘图区的背景色
m_Book.ActiveChart.PlotArea.Border.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlLineStyleNone;//设置绘图区边框线条
m_Book.ActiveChart.PlotArea.Width = 400; //设置绘图区宽度
//m_Book.ActiveChart.ChartArea.Interior.ColorIndex = 10; //设置整个图表的背影颜色
//m_Book.ActiveChart.ChartArea.Border.ColorIndex = 8;// 设置整个图表的边框颜色
m_Book.ActiveChart.ChartArea.Border.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlLineStyleNone;//设置边框线条
m_Book.ActiveChart.HasDataTable = false; //设置Legend图例的位置和格式
m_Book.ActiveChart.Legend.Top = 20.00; //具体设置图例的上边距
m_Book.ActiveChart.Legend.Left = 60.00;//具体设置图例的左边距
m_Book.ActiveChart.Legend.Interior.ColorIndex = Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexNone;
m_Book.ActiveChart.Legend.Width = 150;
m_Book.ActiveChart.Legend.Font.Size = 9.5;
//m_Book.ActiveChart.Legend.Font.Bold = true;
m_Book.ActiveChart.Legend.Font.Name = "宋体";
//m_Book.ActiveChart.Legend.Position = Excel.XlLegendPosition.xlLegendPositionTop;//设置图例的位置
m_Book.ActiveChart.Legend.Border.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlLineStyleNone;//设置图例边框线条 //设置X轴的显示
Excel.Axis xAxis = (Excel.Axis)m_Book.ActiveChart.Axes(Excel.XlAxisType.xlValue, Excel.XlAxisGroup.xlPrimary);
xAxis.MajorGridlines.Border.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlDot;
xAxis.MajorGridlines.Border.ColorIndex = 1;//gridLine横向线条的颜色
xAxis.HasTitle = false;
xAxis.MinimumScale = 1500;
xAxis.MaximumScale = 6000;
xAxis.TickLabels.Font.Name = "宋体";
xAxis.TickLabels.Font.Size = 9; //设置Y轴的显示
Excel.Axis yAxis = (Excel.Axis)m_Book.ActiveChart.Axes(Excel.XlAxisType.xlCategory, Excel.XlAxisGroup.xlPrimary);
yAxis.TickLabelSpacing = 30;
yAxis.TickLabels.NumberFormat = "M月D日";
yAxis.TickLabels.Orientation = Excel.XlTickLabelOrientation.xlTickLabelOrientationHorizontal;//Y轴显示的方向,是水平还是垂直等
yAxis.TickLabels.Font.Size = 8;
yAxis.TickLabels.Font.Name = "宋体"; //m_Book.ActiveChart.Floor.Interior.ColorIndex = 8;
/***以下是设置标题*****
m_Book.ActiveChart.HasTitle=true;
m_Book.ActiveChart.ChartTitle.Text = "净值指数";
m_Book.ActiveChart.ChartTitle.Shadow = true;
m_Book.ActiveChart.ChartTitle.Border.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous;
*/ oSeries = (Excel.Series)m_Book.ActiveChart.SeriesCollection(1);
oSeries.Border.ColorIndex = 45;
oSeries.Border.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThick;
oSeries = (Excel.Series)m_Book.ActiveChart.SeriesCollection(2);
oSeries.Border.ColorIndex = 9;
oSeries.Border.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThick; }
二、利用Microsoft.Office.Interop.OWC11
using OWC = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Owc11;
public void DataTableToSheet(string title, DataTable dt, Excel._Worksheet m_Sheet, Excel._Workbook m_Book, int startrow)
{
。。。。。。（同上篇）。。。。。。
//使用OWC11组件画图
showChart(OWC.ChartChartTypeEnum.chChartTypeLine); //生成图表文件
//将图表文件插入到EXCEL文档中
m_Sheet.Shapes.AddPicture("E://chart.gif", MsoTriState.msoFalse, MsoTriState.msoTrue, 250, 100, 350, 250 );
}
private void showChart(OWC.ChartChartTypeEnum Type)
{
OWC.ChartChartTypeEnum _Type;
OWC.ChartSpace axChartSpace1 = new OWC.ChartSpaceClass();
try
{
axChartSpace1.Clear();
OWC.ChChart objChart = axChartSpace1.Charts.Add(0);
OWC.ChAxis axis = objChart.Axes[0]; //X轴
OWC.ChAxis axis1 = objChart.Axes[1]; //Y轴
objChart.Type = Type;
objChart.HasLegend = true;
objChart.Legend.Position = OWC.ChartLegendPositionEnum.chLegendPositionTop;
//objChart.HasTitle = true;
//objChart.Title.Caption = "净值指数图";
//objChart.Axes[0].HasTitle = true ;
//objChart.Axes[0].Title.Caption = "日期";
//objChart.Axes[1].HasTitle = true;
//objChart.Axes[1].Title.Caption = "数值";
objChart.SeriesCollection.Add(0);
objChart.SeriesCollection[0].SetData(OWC.ChartDimensionsEnum.chDimSeriesNames,
+(int)OWC.ChartSpecialDataSourcesEnum.chDataLiteral, "开放式基金");
DataSet ds = ScData.ListData("exec zb_LiCaiZhouBao " + int.Parse(txtStartDate.Text.Replace("-","") ) + ",1");
string X_Value1 = "";
string X_Value2 = "";
string Y_Value = "";
if (ds.Tables.Count > 0)
{
foreach (DataRow dr in ds.Tables[0].Rows)
{
// Console.WriteLine(dr["日期"].ToString());
Y_Value = Y_Value + dr["日期"].ToString() + '/t';
X_Value1 = X_Value1 + dr["开放式基金"].ToString() + '/t';
X_Value2 = X_Value2 + dr["偏股型基金"].ToString() + '/t';
}
}
objChart.SeriesCollection[0].SetData(OWC.ChartDimensionsEnum.chDimCategories,
+(int)OWC.ChartSpecialDataSourcesEnum.chDataLiteral, Y_Value);
objChart.SeriesCollection[0].SetData(OWC.ChartDimensionsEnum.chDimValues,
(int)OWC.ChartSpecialDataSourcesEnum.chDataLiteral, X_Value1);
objChart.SeriesCollection.Add(1);
objChart.SeriesCollection[1].SetData(OWC.ChartDimensionsEnum.chDimSeriesNames,
+(int)OWC.ChartSpecialDataSourcesEnum.chDataLiteral, "偏股型基金");
objChart.SeriesCollection[1].SetData(OWC.ChartDimensionsEnum.chDimCategories,
+(int)OWC.ChartSpecialDataSourcesEnum.chDataLiteral, Y_Value);
objChart.SeriesCollection[1].SetData(OWC.ChartDimensionsEnum.chDimValues,
(int)OWC.ChartSpecialDataSourcesEnum.chDataLiteral, X_Value2);
objChart.SeriesCollection[0].Line.Color = "orange";
//objChart.SeriesCollection[0].Line.Weight = OWC.ChLine.LineWeightEnum.owcLineWeightThick; //线条加粗
objChart.SeriesCollection[1].Line.Color = "maroon";
//objChart.SeriesCollection[1].Line.Weight = OWC.LineWeightEnum.owcLineWeightThick;
axis.TickMarkSpacing = 30;
axis.HasTickLabels = true;
axis.TickLabelSpacing =30;
axis1.HasMajorGridlines = true;
axis1.MajorGridlines.Line.DashStyle = OWC.ChartLineDashStyleEnum.chLineDashDotDot;//.chLineDashDot;
//axis1.MajorGridlines.Line.Color = "orange";
objChart.PlotArea.Interior.Color = "LightYellow"; //图表区的背景色
// objChart.Interior.Color = "green";
//objChart.Interior.BackColor = "yellow";
//axis.TickMarkSpacing = 50;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//timer1.Enabled = false;
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
finally
{
_Type = Type;
//输出成GIF文件.
string strAbsolutePath = "E://chart.gif"; //生成图形文件
axChartSpace1.ExportPicture(strAbsolutePath, "GIF", 600, 350);
}
}