Python安装PIL遇到‘Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement PIL’

问题重现：

PS C:\Windows\system32> pip install PIL

Collecting PIL
Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement PIL (from versions: )
Some externally hosted files were ignored as access to them may be unreliable (use --allow-external PIL to allow).

No matching distribution found for PIL

原因：

<p class="cye-lm-tag" style="border: 0px rgb(51, 58, 51); padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; clear: both; padding-top: 0px;">This is due to changes in the new version of Pip. Run <span style="font-family:Consolas, Menlo, Monaco, Lucida Console, Liberation Mono, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, Courier New, monospace, sans-serif;font-size:14px;color:#333333;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgb(204, 232, 207); border-color: rgb(51, 58, 51); padding: 1px 5px;">pip --version</span></span> and I'm willing to bet you are running <span style="border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">1.5</span>. See the changelog <a target=_blank target="_blank" href="https://github.com/pypa/pip/blob/c2361e72da2c31a3596d49dc5fccb7d2bdb8c032/CHANGES.txt#L12-L15" style="border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">here</a>. This new default behavior enhances security. In PIL's case, the file you are installing actually comes from <span style="border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">effbot.org</span> (thus <span style="font-family:Consolas, Menlo, Monaco, Lucida Console, Liberation Mono, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, Courier New, monospace, sans-serif;font-size:14px;color:#333333;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 1px 5px;">--allow-external</span></span>) and PyPi doesn't have a checksum to guarantee validity (thus <span style="font-family:Consolas, Menlo, Monaco, Lucida Console, Liberation Mono, DejaVu Sans Mono, Bitstream Vera Sans Mono, Courier New, monospace, sans-serif;font-size:14px;color:#333333;"><span style="line-height: 19px; white-space: pre-wrap; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); padding: 1px 5px;">--allow-unverified</span></span>).</p><p class="cye-lm-tag" style="border: 0px rgb(51, 58, 51); padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; clear: both; padding-top: 0px;">Also, you might consider using the <a target=_blank target="_blank" href="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Pillow/" style="border: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px;">Pillow</a> replacement to PIL.</p>

加上--allow-external PIL --allow-unverified PIL选项

PS C:\Windows\system32> pip install PIL --allow-external PIL --allow-unverified PIL
Collecting PIL
PIL is potentially insecure and unverifiable.
Downloading http://effbot.org/media/downloads/PIL-1.1.7.tar.gz (506kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 507kB 2.6MB/s
Building wheels for collected packages: PIL
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for PIL
Complete output from command C:\Python27\python.exe -c "import setuptools;__file__='c:\\users\\jay\\appdata\\local\\te
mp\\pip-build-ccr0hh\\PIL\\setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" bdist
_wheel -d c:\users\jay\appdata\local\temp\tmpd1frnspip-wheel-:
WARNING: '' not a valid package name; please use only.-separated package names in setup.py
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ArgImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\BdfFontFile.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\BmpImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\BufrStubImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ContainerIO.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\CurImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\DcxImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\EpsImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ExifTags.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\FitsStubImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\FliImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\FontFile.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\FpxImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\GbrImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\GdImageFile.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\GifImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\GimpGradientFile.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\GimpPaletteFile.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\GribStubImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\Hdf5StubImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\IcnsImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\IcoImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\Image.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageChops.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageCms.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageColor.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageDraw.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageDraw2.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageEnhance.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageFile.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageFileIO.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageFilter.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageFont.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageGL.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageGrab.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageMath.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageMode.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageOps.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImagePalette.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImagePath.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageQt.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageSequence.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageShow.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageStat.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageTk.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageTransform.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImageWin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\ImtImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\IptcImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\JpegImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\McIdasImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\MicImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\MpegImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\MspImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\OleFileIO.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\PaletteFile.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\PalmImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\PcdImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\PcfFontFile.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\PcxImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\PdfImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\PixarImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\PngImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\PpmImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\PsdImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\PSDraw.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\SgiImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\SpiderImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\SunImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\TarIO.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\TgaImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\TiffImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\TiffTags.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\WalImageFile.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\WmfImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\XbmImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\XpmImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\XVThumbImagePlugin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
copying PIL\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-2.7
running build_ext
building '_imaging' extension
error: Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0 is required (Unable to find vcvarsall.bat). Get it fromhttp://aka.ms/vcpython27

----------------------------------------
Failed building wheel for PIL
Failed to build PIL
Installing collected packages: PIL
Running setup.py install for PIL
Complete output from command C:\Python27\python.exe -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='c:\\users\\jay\\appdat
a\\local\\temp\\pip-build-ccr0hh\\PIL\\setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('
\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record c:\users\jay\appdata\local\temp\pip-7gvtci-record\install-record.txt
--single-version-externally-managed --compile:
WARNING: '' not a valid package name; please use only.-separated package names in setup.py
running install
running build
running build_py
running build_ext
building '_imaging' extension
error: Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0 is required (Unable to find vcvarsall.bat). Get it from http://aka.ms/vcpython27

----------------------------------------
Command "C:\Python27\python.exe -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='c:\\users\\jay\\appdata\\local\\temp\\pip-buil
d-ccr0hh\\PIL\\setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__,
'exec'))" install --record c:\users\jay\appdata\local\temp\pip-7gvtci-record\install-record.txt --single-version-externa
lly-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in c:\users\jay\appdata\local\temp\pip-build-ccr0hh\PIL

按照要求去M$下载完再重新安装，成功。

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Python安装PIL遇到‘Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement PIL’

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