C# 各种导入 Excel 文件的数据的方法总结

时间:2022-05-22 08:13:18

在导入之前都需要将上传的文件保存到服务器,所以避免重复的写这些代码,,先贴出上传文件并保存到服务器指定路径的代码。

protected void btnImport_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Random random = new Random(); ImportClass Import = new ImportClass(); //保存文件的虚拟路径 string path = "Import/"; //获取选择的文件名 string fileName = FileUpload1.FileName; //获取文件扩展名称 string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(fileName); //生成新文件名 string newName = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmssfff") + random.Next(0, 9999).ToString(); //获取指定虚机路径的物理路径 string fullPath = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(path); //上传文件保存路径 string savePath = fullPath + newName + fileExt; //保存文件到服务器 FileUpload1.SaveAs(savePath); try { //获取导入的数据 DataSet ds = Import.ImportExcel(savePath); if (ds != null && ds.Tables.Count > 0) { //这里可以写插入数据库的方法 } } catch (Exception ex) { throw; } }

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第一种:OleDB

public DataSet ImportExcel(string filePath) { DataSet ds = null; OleDbConnection conn; string strConn = string.Empty; string sheetName = string.Empty; try { // Excel 2003 版本连接字符串 strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + filePath + ";Extended Properties=‘Excel 8.0; HDR=YES; IMEX=1;‘"; conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn); conn.Open(); } catch { // Excel 2007 以上版本连接字符串 strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + filePath + ";Extended Properties=‘Excel 12.0;HDR=Yes;IMEX=1;‘"; conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn); conn.Open(); } //获取所有的 sheet 表 DataTable dtSheetName = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "Table" }); ds = new DataSet(); for (int i = 0; i < dtSheetName.Rows.Count; i++) { DataTable dt = new DataTable(); dt.TableName = "table" + i.ToString(); //获取表名 sheetName = dtSheetName.Rows[i]["TABLE_NAME"].ToString(); OleDbDataAdapter oleda = new OleDbDataAdapter("select * from [" + sheetName + "]", conn); oleda.Fill(dt); ds.Tables.Add(dt); } return ds; }

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除了读取过程不太灵活之外,这种读取方式还有个弊端就是,当 Excel 数据量很大时。会非常占用内存,当内存不够时会抛出内存溢出的异常,不过一般都能适用了。

第二种:Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll

public DataSet ImportExcel(string filePath) { DataSet ds = null; DataTable dt = null; Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application excel = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application(); Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = null; Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = null; Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Sheets sheets = null; Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range = null; object missing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value; try { if (excel == null) { return null; } //打开 Excel 文件 workbook = excel.Workbooks.Open(filePath, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing, missing); //获取所有的 sheet 表 sheets = workbook.Worksheets; ds = new DataSet(); for (int i = 1; i <= sheets.Count; i++) { //获取第一个表 worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)sheets.get_Item(i); int rowCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count; int colCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count; int rowIndex = 1; //起始行为 1 int colIndex = 1; //起始列为 1 DataColumn dc; dt = new DataTable(); dt.TableName = "table" + i.ToString(); //读取列名 for (int j = 0; j < colCount; j++) { range = worksheet.Cells[rowIndex, colIndex + j]; dc = new DataColumn(); dc.DataType = Type.GetType("System.String"); dc.ColumnName = range.Text.ToString().Trim(); //添加列 dt.Columns.Add(dc); } //读取行数据 for (int k = 1; k < rowCount; k++) { DataRow dr = dt.NewRow(); for (int l = 0; l < colCount; l++) { range = worksheet.Cells[rowIndex + k, colIndex + l]; //使用 range.Value.ToString(); 或 range.Value2.ToString(); 或 range.Text.ToString(); 都可以获取单元格的值 dr[l] = range.Text.ToString(); } dt.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray); } ds.Tables.Add(dt); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw; } return ds; }

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这种方法首先需要安装有 office Excel,并且是一个单元格一个单元格的读取,所以性能会比较差。

未完待续。。。