LeetCode 13 Roman to Integer(罗马数到整型数)

时间:2021-05-10 09:50:50

翻译

给定一个罗马数字,将其转换到整型数值。

输入被保证在1到3999之间。

原文

Given a roman numeral, convert it to an integer.

Input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999.

一开始就没有构思好,虽然按上一题的套路可以走下去,但结果就是像我下面这样……代码凌乱……

public class Solution
{
public int RomanToInt(string s)
{
int result = 0;
Type R = typeof(Roman);
string first, second;
if (s.Length > 1)
{
first = s.Substring(0, 1); second = s.Substring(0, 2);
}
else
{
first = s.Substring(0, 1); second = "";
}
foreach (var r in Enum.GetNames(R).Reverse())
{
while ((r.Length == 1 && first == r) || (r.Length == 2 && second == r))
{
result += int.Parse(Enum.Format(R, Enum.Parse(R, r), "d"));
int lenR = r.Length, lenS = s.Length;
if (lenS - lenR < 1)
s = "";
else
s = s.Substring(lenR, lenS - lenR);

if (s.Length > 1)
{
first = s.Substring(0, 1); second = s.Substring(0, 2);
}
else if (s.Length == 1)
{
first = s.Substring(0, 1); second = "";
}
else
{
first = ""; second = "";
}
}
}
return result;
}

}

public enum Roman
{
M = 1000,
CM = 900,
D = 500,
CD = 400,
C = 100,
XC = 90,
L = 50,
XL = 40,
X = 10,
IX = 9,
V = 5,
IV = 4,
I = 1
};

虽然吧,可以运行……但是效率也太低了,简直不忍直视……于是还是像其他大神学习学习……

下面这段代码深深的打动了我……数组作为数组的索引……我最不常用的用法了……

class Solution {
public:
int romanToInt(string s) {
unordered_map<char, int> map = {{'I', 1}, {'V', 5}, {'X', 10}, {'L', 50}, {'C', 100}, {'D', 500}, {'M', 1000}};
int ret = 0;
for (int idx = 0; idx < s.size(); ++idx) {
if ((idx < s.size()-1) && (map[s[idx]] < map[s[idx+1]])) {
ret -= map[s[idx]];
}
else {
ret += map[s[idx]];
}
}
return ret;
}
};

这个算法呢,充分利用了罗马数字两个数字前后顺序的关系,也就是说如果是I在V前面,也就是IV,它代表4,反之代表6。再搭配C++的unordered_map,可以巧妙的通过数组来进行判断而达到对ret或加或减的目的。

我需要好好体会了……