A Simple Math Problem(矩阵快速幂)(寒假闭关第一题,有点曲折啊)

时间:2024-04-07 20:05:43

A Simple Math Problem

Time Limit: 3000/1000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 155 Accepted Submission(s): 110
 
Problem Description
Lele now is thinking about a simple function f(x).

If x < 10 f(x) = x.
If x >= 10 f(x) = a0 * f(x-1) + a1 * f(x-2) + a2 * f(x-3) + …… + a9 * f(x-10);
And ai(0<=i<=9) can only be 0 or 1 .

Now, I will give a0 ~ a9 and two positive integers k and m ,and could you help Lele to caculate f(k)%m.

Input
The problem contains mutiple test cases.Please process to the end of file.
In each case, there will be two lines.
In the first line , there are two positive integers k and m. ( k<2*10^9 , m < 10^5 )
In the second line , there are ten integers represent a0 ~ a9.
Output
            For each case, output f(k) % m in one line.
Sample Input
10 9999
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
20 500
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
Sample Output
45
104
Author
linle
Source
2007省赛集训队练习赛(6)_linle专场
Recommend
lcy
/*
题意:给你题目描述的函数,然后让你求f(k)%m的值 初步思路:简单的爆一下 #错误:超内存! #改进思路:
想一下这个式子的实质,不用递归写,用循环写,但是需要循环1e9次,肯定是不可行的,可以用矩阵相乘f(x)是从0,1,2...9乘上a0,a1,a2...
.a9递推过来的这样就能得出来一个矩阵,线性代数还没学,矩阵真的有点麻烦,构造矩阵的时候老是想错了。 #再次错误:矩阵相乘虽然可以解决空间问题,但是没法解决时间问题;这里真的有点糊涂了,常数都有快速幂,矩阵的快速幂怎么就没有想起来呐!
*/
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
ll m,k;
struct Matrix{
ll m[][];
void init0(){//构造用来乘的矩阵(相当于“幺元”吧,随便想到了离散中的概念就这么叫吧)
memset(m,,sizeof m);
for(int i=;i<;i++)
m[i][i-]=;
}
void init1(){//构造最初的a0~a9
memset(m,,sizeof m);
for(int i=;i<;i++){
m[i][]=-i;
}
}
};
Matrix Mul_Matrix(Matrix a,Matrix b){
Matrix c;
c.init0();
for(int i=;i<;i++){
for(int j=;j<;j++){
c.m[i][j]=;
for(int k=;k<;k++){
c.m[i][j]+=(a.m[i][k]*b.m[k][j])%m;
}
c.m[i][j]%=m;
}
}
return c;
}
/**************矩阵快速幂*********************/
Matrix Pow(Matrix a,Matrix b,int x){
while(x){
if(x&){
b=Mul_Matrix(a,b);
}
a=Mul_Matrix(a,a);
x>>=;
}
return b;
}
/**************矩阵快速幂*********************/
Matrix a,b;
int main(){
//freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
while(scanf("%lld%lld",&k,&m)!=EOF){
a.init0();
b.init1();
//cout<<k<<" "<<m<<endl;
for(int i=;i<;i++) scanf("%lld",&a.m[][i]);
// for(int i=9;i<k;i++){
// b=Mul_Matrix(a,b);
// for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
// for(int j=0;j<10;j++)
// cout<<a.m[i][j]<<" ";
// cout<<" ";
// for(int j=0;j<10;j++)
// cout<<b.m[i][j]<<" ";
// cout<<endl;
// }
// }
Matrix c=Pow(a,b,k-);//利用矩阵快速幂
printf("%lld\n",c.m[][]);
}
return ;
}