如何在不使用任何外部工具的情况下下载包含批处理文件的文件？

First to clarify this question is aimed to HTTP(s) download .For FTP may be I'll ask (and answer) another question. Here are some similar questions - but I want to be more precise .

首先澄清这个问题的目的是HTTP(s)下载。对于FTP,我可能会问(并回答)另一个问题。这里有一些类似的问题 - 但我希望更精确。

Besides excluding external tools I want the solution(s) to be applicable for the widest possible types of windows machines (including XP,Win2003,Vista which still have big enough share). Also as WSH is one of the possible options I prefer no using of temp files and everything to be packed in a single .bat file (which is possible with both jscript and vbscript).

除了排除外部工具,我希望解决方案适用于最广泛类型的Windows机器(包括仍然有足够大份额的XP,Win2003,Vista)。此外,由于WSH是可能的选项之一,我不喜欢使用临时文件和所有要打包在单个.bat文件中的内容(jscript和vbscript都可以使用)。

What are possible approaches.

什么是可能的方法。

1. "Pure" batch solution with BITSADMIN - a command line utility available on every windows machine .It's not pretty convenient but is an/the only option where no other scripting language should be used.

使用BITSADMIN的“纯”批处理解决方案 - 每台Windows机器上都有一个命令行实用程序。它不是很方便,但它是唯一一个不应该使用其他脚本语言的选项。

2. Using WSH - Three approaches are possible - WinHTTP , MSXML2.XMLHTTP ,InternetExlorer.Application - all of them are accessible ActiveX objects in order of how I prefer them.WinHTTP and MSXML2.XMLHTTP are pretty similar in their capabilities but WinHTTP has a reputation of more stable.InternetExlorer.Application is in fact just the Internet explorer accessible through ActiveX object and some UI elements are unavoidable (are they?) so I'll skip this one.

使用WSH - 可能有三种方法 - WinHTTP,MSXML2.XMLHTTP,InternetExlorer.Application - 所有这些都是可访问的ActiveX对象,按我喜欢的顺序排列.WinHTTP和MSXML2.XMLHTTP的功能非常相似,但WinHTTP的声誉是更稳定.InternetExlorer.Application实际上只是可以通过ActiveX对象访问的Internet Explorer,一些UI元素是不可避免的(是吗?)所以我会跳过这个。

3. Using .NET - It's possible to create a hybrid batch file with all the three default .NET compilers (Jscript.net , VB.Net , C#) with Jscript.net there is no redundant error messages so I'll prefer it.If we ignore the fact that there's a compiled .exe all the code is in one file ,so according to me this fits in the requirements :-) .With .NET we can use System.Net.WebClient or System.Net.HttpWebRequest (the WebClient relies on it) or
   System.Web.HttpRequest , but for now I'll post only System.Net.WebClient solution.And even more same ActiveX objects accessible with WSH are available here too.So there are really many ways to dowanload a file with .Net.May be in the future I'll update my answer.Anyway only the Webclient is especially designed for download.

使用.NET - 可以使用Jscript.net创建一个包含所有三个默认.NET编译器(Jscript.net,VB.Net,C#)的混合批处理文件,没有冗余错误消息,所以我更喜欢它。如果我们忽略这样一个事实,即编译的.exe所有代码都在一个文件中,所以据我所知,这符合要求:-)。使用.NET我们可以使用System.Net.WebClient或System.Net.HttpWebRequest(WebClient)依赖它)或System.Web.HttpRequest,但是现在我只发布System.Net.WebClient解决方案。这里也可以使用WSH访问更多相同的ActiveX对象。所以有很多方法可以下载文件与.Net.May将来我会更新我的答案。无论如何只有Webclient是专门为下载而设计的。

4. Using powershell - has same possibilities as .NET but with less chances to be installed on all machines you can meet.So I'll skip this one too.

使用powershell - 与.NET具有相同的可能性,但是在你可以遇到的所有机器上安装的机会较少。所以我也会跳过这个。

1 个解决方案

#1

The answers.All scripts should be saved with .bat/.cmd extensions and can be used directly as batch scripts.

答案。所有脚本都应使用.bat / .cmd扩展名保存,并可直接用作批处理脚本。

1) Certutuil:

certutil.exe -urlcache -split -f "https://download.sysinternals.com/files/PSTools.zip" pstools.zip

CertUtil command can be abused to download a file from internet.Available by default in windows since Vista.For WinXP Server 2003 Administration Tools are needed.

可以滥用CertUtil命令从Internet下载文件。默认情况下,自Windows Vista以来可以在Windows中使用。对于WinXP Server 2003管理工具是必需的。

2) Bitsadmin :

2)Bitsadmin:

simplest possible way to use it

最简单的方法来使用它

bitsadmin /transfer myDownloadJob /download /priority normal http://downloadsrv/10mb.zip c:\10mb.zip

Or (you eventually will need this if you want to add credentials , proxy and etc.)

或者(如果要添加凭据,代理等,最终将需要此功能)

   @echo off
    setlocal

    :: uses bitsadmin utility to download a file
    :: bitsadmin is not available in winXP Home edition
    :: the only way to download a file with 'pure' batch
   :download

    if "%2" equ "" (
      call :help
      exit /b 5
   )

   if "%1" equ "" (
      call :help
      exit /b 6
   )
    set url=%~1
    set file=%~2
    rem ----
    if "%~3" NEQ "" (
        set /A timeout=%~3
    ) else (
        set timeout=5
    )

    bitsadmin /cancel download >nul
    bitsadmin /create /download download >nul 
    call bitsadmin /addfile download "%url%" "%CD%\%file%" >nul
    bitsadmin /resume download >nul 
    bitsadmin /setproxysettings download AUTODETECT >nul

    set /a attempts=0
    :repeat
    set /a attempts +=1
    if "%attempts%" EQU "10" (
        echo TIMED OUT
        endlocal
        exit /b 1
    )
    bitsadmin /info download /verbose | find  "STATE: ERROR"  >nul 2>&1 && endlocal &&  bitsadmin /cancel download && echo SOME KIND OF ERROR && exit /b 2
    bitsadmin /info download /verbose | find  "STATE: SUSPENDED" >nul 2>&1 && endlocal &&  bitsadmin /cancel download &&echo FILE WAS NOT ADDED && exit /b 3
    bitsadmin /info download /verbose | find  "STATE: TRANSIENT_ERROR" >nul 2>&1 && endlocal &&  bitsadmin /cancel download &&echo TRANSIENT ERROR && exit /b 4
    bitsadmin /info download /verbose | find  "STATE: TRANSFERRED" >nul 2>&1 && goto :finishing 

   w32tm /stripchart /computer:localhost /period:1 /dataonly /samples:%timeout%  >nul 2>&1
    goto :repeat
    :finishing 
    bitsadmin /complete download >nul
    echo download finished
    endlocal
   goto :eof

   :help
   echo %~n0 url file [timeout]
   echo.
   echo  url - the source for download
   echo  file - file name in local directory where the file will be stored
   echo  timeout - number in seconds between each check if download is complete (attempts are 10)
   echo.
   goto :eof

3) - WinHttp and WSH (SSL/certificate and Proxy options have been never tested ...). Here's a ready to use script that uses WinHttpRequest .It can perform whole range of http requests and can be used for downloading of files too (not too big files).If you need you can also add your own authentication headers.

3) - WinHttp和WSH(SSL /证书和代理选项从未经过测试......)。这是一个使用WinHttpRequest的即用型脚本。它可以执行所有的http请求,也可以用于下载文件(不是太大的文件)。如果需要,还可以添加自己的身份验证头。

call winhhtpjs.bat https://example.com/files/some.zip -saveTo c:\somezip.zip 

4) MSXML2.XMLHTTP and WSH (better use WinHTTP)(SSL/certificate and Proxy options have been never tested ...)

4)MSXML2.XMLHTTP和WSH(更好地使用WinHTTP)(SSL /证书和代理选项从未经过测试......)

@if (@X)==(@Y) @end /* JScript comment
    @echo off

    rem :: the first argument is the script name as it will be used for proper help message
    cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0" "%~nx0" %*

    exit /b %errorlevel%

@if (@X)==(@Y) @end JScript comment */

// used resources
//http://www.codeproject.com/Tips/506439/Downloading-files-with-VBScript
//http://blogs.msdn.com/b/xmlteam/archive/2006/10/23/using-the-right-version-of-msxml-in-internet-explorer.aspx
//https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/ms535874(v=vs.85).aspx
//https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa923283.aspx
//https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms759148(v=vs.85).aspx
//https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms759148(v=vs.85).aspx
//https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms760236(v=vs.85).aspx
//http://*.com/questions/20712635/providing-authentication-info-via-msxml2-serverxmlhttp
//https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms763680(v=vs.85).aspx
//https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms757849(v=vs.85).aspx
//http://fm4dd.com/programming/shell/microsoft-vbs-http-download.htm
//http://*.com/questions/11573022/vba-serverxmlhttp-https-request-with-self-signed-certificate
//http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/44629-Using-XMLHttpRequest-for-HTTPS-Post-to-server-with-SSL-certificate

// global variables and constants
var ARGS = WScript.Arguments;
var scriptName=ARGS.Item(0);

var url="";
var saveTo="";

var user=0;
var pass=0;

var proxy=0;
var bypass="";
var proxy_user=0;
var proxy_pass=0;

var certificate=0;

var force=true;

//ActiveX objects
//Use the right version of MSXML
/*var progIDs = [ 'Msxml2.DOMDocument.6.0', 'Msxml2.DOMDocument.5.0', 'Msxml2.DOMDocument.4.0', 'Msxml2.DOMDocument.3.0', 'Msxml2.DOMDocument' ]
for (var i = 0; i < progIDs.length; i++) {
    try {
        var XMLHTTPObj = new ActiveXObject(progIDs[i]);
    }catch (ex) {       
    }
}

if typeof  XMLHTTPObj === 'undefined'{
    WScript.Echo ("You are using too ancient windows or you have no installed IE");
    WScript.Quit(1);
}*/

var XMLHTTPObj = new ActiveXObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP");
var FileSystemObj = new ActiveXObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject");
var AdoDBObj = new ActiveXObject("ADODB.Stream");


function printHelp(){
    WScript.Echo(scriptName + " - downloads a file through HTTP");
    WScript.Echo(scriptName + " url localfile [-force yse|no] [-user username -password password] [-proxy proxyserver:port -bypass bypass_list]");
    WScript.Echo("                          [-proxyuser proxy_username -proxypassword proxy_password] [-certificate certificateString]");
    WScript.Echo("-force  - decide to not or to overwrite if the local exists");
    WScript.Echo("proxyserver:port - the proxy server");
    WScript.Echo("bypass- bypass list can be \"\" if you don't need it");
    WScript.Echo("proxy_user , proxy_password - credentials for proxy server");
    WScript.Echo("user , password - credentials for the server");
    WScript.Echo("certificate - location of SSL certificate");
    WScript.Echo("Example:");
    WScript.Echo(scriptName +" http://somelink.com/somefile.zip c:\\somefile.zip -certificate \"LOCAL_MACHINE\\Personal\\My Middle-Tier Certificate\"");    
}

function parseArgs(){
    //
    if (ARGS.Length < 3) {
        WScript.Echo("insufficient arguments");
        printHelp();
        WScript.Quit(43);
    }
    url=ARGS.Item(1);
    saveTo=ARGS.Item(2);

    if(ARGS.Length % 2 != 1) {
        WScript.Echo("illegal arguments");
        printHelp();
        WScript.Quit(44);
    }

    for (var i=3;i<ARGS.Length-1;i=i+2){
        if(ARGS.Item(i).toLowerCase=="-force" && ARGS.Item(i+1)=='no'){
            force=false;
        }

        if(ARGS.Item(i).toLowerCase=="-user"){
            user=ARGS.Item(i+1);
        }

        if(ARGS.Item(i).toLowerCase=="-password"){
            pass=ARGS.Item(i+1);
        }

        if(ARGS.Item(i).toLowerCase=="-proxy"){
            proxy=ARGS.Item(i+1);
        }

        if(ARGS.Item(i).toLowerCase=="-bypass"){
            bypass=ARGS.Item(i+1);
        }

        if(ARGS.Item(i).toLowerCase=="-proxyuser"){
            proxy_user=ARGS.Item(i+1);
        }

        if(ARGS.Item(i).toLowerCase=="-proxypassword"){
            proxy_pass=ARGS.Item(i+1);
        }

        if(ARGS.Item(i).toLowerCase=="-certificate"){
            certificate=ARGS.Item(i+1);
        }
    }
}

function existsItem(path){
    return FileSystemObj.FolderExists(path)||FileSystemObj.FileExists(path);
}

stripTrailingSlash = function(path){
    while (path.substr(path.length - 1,path.length) == '\\') {
        path=path.substr(0, path.length - 1);
    }
    return path;
}

function deleteItem(path){
    if (FileSystemObj.FileExists(path)){
        FileSystemObj.DeleteFile(path);
        return true;
    } else if (FileSystemObj.FolderExists(path) ) {
        FileSystemObj.DeleteFolder(stripTrailingSlash(path));
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
}

function writeFile(fileName,data ){
    AdoDBObj.Type = 1;       
    AdoDBObj.Open();
    AdoDBObj.Position=0;
    AdoDBObj.Write(data);
    AdoDBObj.SaveToFile(fileName,2);
    AdoDBObj.Close();   
}

function download( url,file){
    if (force && existsItem(file)){
        if(!deleteItem(file)){
            WScript.Echo("Unable to delete "+ file);
            WScript.Quit(8);
        }
    }else if (existsItem(file)){
        WScript.Echo("Item " + file + " already exist");
        WScript.Quit(9);
    }



    if (proxy!=0 && bypass !="") {
        //https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms760236(v=vs.85).aspx
        XMLHTTPObj.setProxy(SXH_PROXY_SET_DIRECT,proxy,bypass);
    } else if (proxy!=0) {
        XMLHTTPObj.setProxy(SXH_PROXY_SET_DIRECT,proxy,"");
    }



    if (proxy_user!=0 && proxy_pass!=0 ) {
        //https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms763680(v=vs.85).aspx
        XMLHTTPObj.setProxyCredentials(proxy_user,proxy_pass);
    }

    if(certificate!=0) {
        //https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms763811(v=vs.85).aspx
        WinHTTPObj.setOption(3,certificate);
    }

    if (user!=0 && pass!=0){
        //https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms757849(v=vs.85).aspx
         XMLHTTPObj.Open('GET',url,false,user,pass);
    } else {
        XMLHTTPObj.Open('GET',url,false);
    }



    XMLHTTPObj.Send();
    var status=XMLHTTPObj.Status

    switch(status){
        case 200:
            WScript.Echo("Status: 200 OK");
            break;
        case 401:
            WScript.Echo("Status: 401 Unauthorized");
            WScript.Echo("Check if correct user and password were provided");
            WScript.Quit(401);
            break;
        case 407:
            Wscript.Echo("Status:407 Proxy Authentication Required");
            Wscript.Echo("Check if correct proxy user and password were provided");
            WScript.Quit(407);
            break;
        default:
            Wscript.Echo("Status: "+status);
            WScript.Echo("Try to help yourself -> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes");
            WScript.Quit(status);
    }
    writeFile(file,XMLHTTPObj.ResponseBody);
}

function main(){
    parseArgs();
    download(url,saveTo);
}
main();

5) .NET and webclient (Here's no SSL option.Will try to add it. Poxy options have never been tested)

5).NET和webclient(这里没有SSL选项。会尝试添加它.Poxy选项从未经过测试)

@if (@X)==(@Y) @end /* JScript comment
@echo off
setlocal

for /f "tokens=* delims=" %%v in ('dir /b /s /a:-d  /o:-n "%SystemRoot%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\*jsc.exe"') do (
   set "jsc=%%v"
)

::if not exist "%~n0.exe" (
    "%jsc%" /nologo /out:"%~n0.exe" "%~dpsfnx0"
::)

 %~n0.exe %*

endlocal & exit /b %errorlevel%


*/

//todo SSL Support
//todo Better help message
//todo check if local file exists


import System;
import System.Net.WebClient;
import System.Net.NetworkCredential;
import System.Net.WebProxy;
import System.Uri;
import System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;

var arguments:String[] = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();

var url=0;
var toFile=0;
var force=true;

var user=0;
var password=0;

var proxy=0;
var bypass=0;
var proxy_user=0;
var proxy_pass=0;

var certificate=0;

function printHelp(){
    Console.WriteLine(arguments[0] + "download from url to a file");
    Console.WriteLine(arguments[0] + "<url> <file> [-user user -password password] [-proxy proxy] [-proxy_user proxy.user -proxy_pass proxy.pass]");

}

function parseArgs(){

    if (arguments.length < 3) {
        Console.WriteLine("Wrong arguments");
        printHelp();
        Environment.Exit(1);
    }

    if (arguments.length %2 != 1) {
        Console.WriteLine("Wrong number arguments");
        printHelp();
        Environment.Exit(2);    
    }

    url=arguments[1];
    toFile=arguments[2];

    for (var i=3;i<arguments.length-1;i=i+2){
        var arg=arguments[i].ToLower();
        switch (arg){
            case  "-user" :
                user=arguments[i+1];
                break;
            case "-password" :
                password=arguments[i+1];
                break;
            case "-proxy" :
                proxy=arguments[i+1];
                break;
            case "-proxy_user" :
                proxy_user=arguments[i+1];
                break;
            case "-proxy_pass" :
                proxy_pass=arguments[i+1];
                break;
            case "-bypass" :
                bypass=[arguments[i+1]];
                break;
            /*case "-certificate" :
                certificate=arguments[i+1];
                break;*/
            default:
                Console.WriteLine("Invalid argument "+ arguments[i]);
                printHelp();
                Environment.Exit(3);
        }
    }

}

function download(){
    var client:System.Net.WebClient = new System.Net.WebClient();

    if (user!=0 && password!=0){
        client.Credentials=new System.Net.NetworkCredential(user, password);
    }

    if (proxy!=0){
        var webproxy =new System.Net.WebProxy();
        webproxy.Address=new Uri(proxy);
        if (proxy_user!=0 && proxy_pass!=0){
            webproxy.Credentials=new System.Net.NetworkCredential(proxy_user,proxy_pass);
        }
        webproxy.UseDefaultCredentials =false;

        if (bypass!=0){
            webproxy.BypassList=bypass;
            webproxy.BypassProxyOnLocal = false;
        }
        client.Proxy=webproxy;
    }

    try {
        client.DownloadFile(arguments[1], arguments[2]);
    } catch (e) {
        Console.BackgroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
        Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
        Console.WriteLine("\n\nProblem with downloading " + arguments[1] + " to " + arguments[2] + "Check if the internet address is valid");
        Console.ResetColor();
        Environment.Exit(5);
    }
}

 parseArgs();
 download();