configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 2.4.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+.
一、错误发生情景：
在安装gcc时，执行.configure命令，报以下错误：
...省略
configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 2.4.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+.
Try the --with-gmp, --with-mpfr and/or --with-mpc options to specify
their locations. Source code for these libraries can be found at
their respective hosting sites as well as at
ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/. See also
http://gcc.gnu.org/install/prerequisites.html for additional info. If
you obtained GMP, MPFR and/or MPC from a vendor distribution package,
make sure that you have installed both the libraries and the header
files. They may be located in separate packages.
二、错误原因：
错误信息中说明，安装gcc需要这三个依赖：GMP 4.2+, MPFR 2.4.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+。
三、解决问题：
错误信息，提示了下载页面的地址：ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/。
所以去下载相应的包，进行安装。
1、打开链接：ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/。
2、找到需要的三个包地址，下载下来：
wget ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2
wget ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2
wget ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz
3、安装GMP：
tar -jxvf gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2
cd gmp-6.1.0
./configure
make && make install
4、安装MPFR：
tar -jxvf mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2
cd mpfr-3.1.4
./configure
make && make install
5、安装MPC：
tar -zxvf mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz
cd mpc-1.0.3
./configure
make && make install