CentOS 7 下使用虚拟环境Virtualenv安装Tensorflow cpu版记录

时间:2023-12-26 09:35:25

1.首先安装pip-install

在使用centos7的软件包管理程序yum安装python-pip的时候会报一下错误:

No package python-pip available.

Error: Nothing to do

说没有python-pip软件包可以安装。

这是因为像centos这类衍生出来的发行版,他们的源有时候内容更新的比较滞后,或者说有时候一些扩展的源根本就没有。所以在使用yum来search python-pip的时候,会说没有找到该软件包。

因此为了能够安装这些包,需要先安装扩展源EPEL。EPEL(http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL) 是由 Fedora 社区打造,为 RHEL 及衍生发行版如 CentOS、Scientific Linux 等提供高质量软件包的项目。

首先安装epel扩展源:

sudo yum -y install epel-release

然后安装python-pip:

sudo yum -y install python-pip

安装完之后别忘了清除一下cache:

sudo yum clean all

搞定!

2.在隔离容器中安装TensorFlow

推荐使用virtualenv 创建一个隔离的容器, 来安装 TensorFlow. 这是可选的, 但是这样做能使排查安装问

题变得更容易,照着敲命令就行了

安装主要分成下面四个步骤:

● Install pip and Virtualenv.(这一步装过了)

● Create a Virtualenv environment.

● Activate the Virtualenv environment and install TensorFlow in it.

● After the install you will activate the Virtualenv environment each time you want to use TensorFlow.

Install pip and Virtualenv:

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit

$ sudo apt-get install python-pip python-dev python-virtualenv

# Mac OS X

$ sudo easy_install pip
$ sudo pip install --upgrade virtualenv

Create a Virtualenv environment in the directory ~/tensorflow:

$ virtualenv --system-site-packages ~/tensorflow

Activate the environment:

$ source ~/tensorflow/bin/activate  # If using bash
$ source ~/tensorflow/bin/activate.csh # If using csh

(tensorflow)$ # Your prompt should change

Now, install TensorFlow just as you would for a regular Pip installation. First select the correct binary to install:

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, CPU only, Python 2.7

    (tensorflow)$ export TF_BINARY_URL=https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/cpu/tensorflow-0.10.0rc0-cp27-none-linux_x86_64.whl

Finally install TensorFlow:

# Python 2

(tensorflow)$ pip install --upgrade $TF_BINARY_URL

出现了如下错误:

InstallationError: Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in /root/tensorflow/build/mock

解决方案是:

Distribute has been merged into Setuptools as of version 0.7. If you are using a version <=0.6, upgrade using :

pip install --upgrade setuptools

or

easy_install -U setuptools.

其实就是安装的egg需要升级一下把,我猜测

升级之后重新 :

(tensorflow)$ pip install --upgrade $TF_BINARY_URL

等待一段时间,(我似乎看到tensorflow在用gcc编译c++,c,时间还挺长大概十来分钟)

看到

Successfully installed tensorflow protobuf six wheel mock numpy funcsigs pbr

Cleaning up…

就ok

3.测试代码

import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
# 使用 NumPy 生成假数据(phony data), 总共 100 个点.
x_data = np.float32(np.random.rand(2, 100)) # 随机输入
y_data = np.dot([0.100, 0.200], x_data) + 0.300 # 构造一个线性模型
b = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([1]))
W = tf.Variable(tf.random_uniform([1, 2], -1.0, 1.0))
y = tf.matmul(W, x_data) + b # 最小化方差
loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.square(y - y_data))
optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(0.5)
train = optimizer.minimize(loss)
# 初始化变量
init = tf.initialize_all_variables()
# 启动图 (graph)
sess = tf.Session()
sess.run(init)
# 拟合平面
for step in xrange(0, 201):
sess.run(train)
if step % 20 == 0:
print step, sess.run(W), sess.run(b)

在命令行输入:

source ~/tensorflow/bin/activate

激活tensorflow环境,运行上述代码

(tensorflow)[root@www test]# python nihe.py

# 得到最佳拟合结果

  W: [[0.100 0.200]], b: [0.300]

退出虚拟环境:

(tensorflow)$ source deactivate

参考文献

https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/8cb0558da924e891aa1bb5d79a6c0c846301e4eb/tensorflow/g3doc/get_started/os_setup.md

https://github.com/jikexueyuanwiki/tensorflow-zh

http://www.tensorflow.org/(需要*)