shape和selector是Android UI设计中经常用到的

时间:2023-12-25 08:04:01

shape和selector是Android UI设计中经常用到的,比如我们要自定义一个圆角Button,点击Button有些效果的变化,就要用到shape和selector。可以这样说,shape和selector在美化控件中的作用是至关重要的。

1.Shape

简介

作用:XML中定义的几何形状

位置:res/drawable/文件的名称.xml

使用的方法:

Java代码中:R.drawable.文件的名称

XML中:android:background="@drawable/文件的名称"

属性:

<shape>  android:shape=["rectangle" | "oval" | "line" | "ring"]

其中rectagle矩形,oval椭圆,line水平直线,ring环形

<shape>中子节点的常用属性:

<gradient>  渐变

android:startColor  起始颜色

android:endColor  结束颜色             

android:angle  渐变角度,0从上到下,90表示从左到右,数值为45的整数倍默认为0;

android:type  渐变的样式 liner线性渐变 radial环形渐变 sweep

<solid >  填充

android:color  填充的颜色

<stroke > 描边

android:width 描边的宽度

android:color 描边的颜色

android:dashWidth 表示'-'横线的宽度

android:dashGap 表示'-'横线之间的距离

<corners > 圆角

android:radius  圆角的半径 值越大角越圆

android:topRightRadius  右上圆角半径

android:bottomLeftRadius 右下圆角角半径

android:topLeftRadius 左上圆角半径

android:bottomRightRadius 左下圆角半径

2.Selector

简介

位置:res/drawable/文件的名称.xml

使用的方法:

Java代码中:R.drawable.文件的名称

XML中:android:background="@drawable/文件的名称"

selector.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <item android:state_selected="true">
<shape>
<gradient android:angle="270" android:endColor="#99BD4C"
android:startColor="#A5D245" />
<size android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" />
<corners android:radius="8dp" />
</shape>
</item>
<item android:state_pressed="true">
<shape>
<gradient android:angle="270" android:endColor="#99BD4C"
android:startColor="#A5D245"/>
<size android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" />
<corners android:radius="8dp" />
</shape>
</item>
<item>
<shape>
<gradient android:angle="270" android:endColor="#A8C3B0"
android:startColor="#C6CFCE"/>
<size android:height="60dp" android:width="320dp" />
<corners android:radius="8dp" />
</shape>
</item>
</selector>

list_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@drawable/selector"
>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/img"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
/>
<TextView
android:text="data"
android:id="@+id/title"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
android:textSize="14sp"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:textColor="@color/black"
>
</TextView>
</LinearLayout>

main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#253853"
>
<ListView
android:id="@+id/list"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:cacheColorHint="#00000000"
android:divider="#2A4562"
android:dividerHeight="3px"
android:listSelector="#264365"
android:drawSelectorOnTop="false"
>
</ListView>
</LinearLayout>

colors.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<color name="white">#FFFFFFFF</color>
<color name="transparency">#00000000</color>
<color name="title_bg">#1C86EE</color>
<color name="end_color">#A0cfef83</color>
<color name="black">#464646</color>
</resources>

MainActivity

package com.lingdududu.customlist;  

    import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap; import xb.customlist.R; import android.R.array;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter; public class MainActivity extends Activity {
ListView list; String data[] = new String[]{
"China","UK","USA","Japan","German","Canada","ET","Narotu"
}; @Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main); list =(ListView) findViewById(R.id.list); SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, getData(), R.layout.list_item,
new String[]{"title","img"}, new int[]{R.id.title,R.id.img}); list.setAdapter(adapter);
} private ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> getData() {
ArrayList<HashMap<String, Object>> dlist = new ArrayList<HashMap<String,Object>>(); for(int i =0;i<data.length;i++){
HashMap<String, Object>map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("title", data[i]);
map.put("img", R.drawable.item_left2);
dlist.add(map);
}
return dlist;
}
}

效果图:

shape和selector是Android UI设计中经常用到的