如何在使用Mocha使用打字稿测试Jquery时修复“$未定义”错误?

I am writing Mocha unit tests for Typescript code containing Jquery. I'm using jsdom for getting the document object. When I compile my TS code to JS and run the tests, it throws an error [ReferenceError: $ is not defined].

我正在为包含Jquery的打字稿代码编写Mocha单元测试。我使用jsdom获取文档对象。当我将我的TS代码编译为JS并运行测试时，它会抛出一个错误[参考错误:$未定义]。

My Typescript code is here

我的打字稿代码在这里

export function hello(element) : void {
    $(element).toggleClass('abc');
};

My unit test code is as follows:

我的单元测试代码如下:

import {hello} from '../src/dummy';

var expect = require('chai').expect;
var jsdom = require('jsdom');
var document = jsdom.jsdom();
var window = document.defaultView;

var $ = require('jquery')(window);

describe('TEST NAME', () => {

    it('should run', (done) => {
        hello($('div'));
        done();
    });
});

When I run Mocha test it shows

当我运行摩卡测试时，它显示出来了

    <failure message="$ is not defined"><![CDATA[ReferenceError: $ is not defined ...
]]></failure>

Also tried using global.$ = require("jquery"); but does not work.

也试着用全球。美元=要求(“jquery”);但是不工作。

4 个解决方案

#1

jQuery has to be available globally because your script gets it from the global space. If I modify your code so that var $ = require('jquery')(window); is replaced by:

jQuery必须是全局可用的，因为您的脚本是从全局空间获得的。如果我修改了您的代码，那么var $ =需要('jquery')(窗口);取而代之的是:

global.$ = require('jquery')(window);

then it works. Note the two calls: 1st to require jquery, then to build it by passing window. You could alternatively do:

它的工作原理。注意两个调用:1需要jquery，然后通过通过窗口构建它。你可以另外做的事:

global.window = window
global.$ = require('jquery');

If window is available globally, then there is no need to perform the double call as in the first snippet: jQuery just uses the globally available window.

如果窗口是全局可用的，那么就不需要在第一个片段中执行双重调用:jQuery只使用全局可用的窗口。

You probably also want to define global.jQuery since some scripts count on its presence.

您可能还想定义全局变量。因为有些脚本依赖于它的存在。

Here is a full example of a test file that runs:

下面是一个运行的测试文件的完整示例:

/// <reference path="../typings/mocha/mocha.d.ts" />
/// <reference path="../typings/chai/chai.d.ts" />
/// <reference path="../typings/jsdom/jsdom.d.ts" />
/// <reference path="./global.d.ts" />

import {hello} from './dummy';

import chai = require('chai');
var expect = chai.expect;
import jsdom = require('jsdom');
var document = jsdom.jsdom("");
var window = document.defaultView;

global.window = window
global.$ = require('jquery');

describe('TEST NAME', () => {

    it('should run', (done) => {
        hello($('div'));
        done();
    });
});

The typings files are obtained the usual way using tsd. The file ./global.d.ts fixes the issue you may get with setting new values on global. It contains:

使用tsd通常获取排版文件。文件。/ global.d。ts修复了您在全局上设置新值时可能遇到的问题。它包含:

declare namespace NodeJS {
    interface Global {
      window: any;
      $: any;
    }
}

dummy.js was also modified like this:

假。js也是这样修改的:

declare var $: any;

export function hello(element) : void {
    $(element).toggleClass('abc');
};

#2

You need to include jsdom and jQuery in Node first:

首先需要在节点中包含jsdom和jQuery:

npm install jsdom --save-dev
npm install jquery --save-dev

and then add this lines into your .js file where you are using jQuery

然后将这些行添加到使用jQuery的.js文件中。

const jsdom = require("jsdom");
const { JSDOM } = jsdom;
const { window } = new JSDOM(`...`);
var jQuery = require('jquery')(window);

var example = (function($) {
 .....your jQuery code....
})(jQuery);

module.exports = example;

#3

If you can't or don't want to alter the global namespace type definition, you can still include jQuery, as following:

如果您不能或不想更改全局名称空间类型定义，您仍然可以包含jQuery，如下所示:

const globalAny:any = global;
const $ = globalAny.$ = require('jquery')(window);

The full initialization of jQuery then becomes:

jQuery的完整初始化变成:

const jsdom = require("jsdom");
const { JSDOM } = jsdom;
const { window } = (new JSDOM());
const globalAny:any = global;
const $ = globalAny.$ = require('jquery')(window);

#4

-1

As said, you should import jQuery properly: import $ = require('jquery');

如前所述，您应该正确地导入jQuery:导入$ = require(“jQuery”);

#1