如何为rspec设置ENV变量？

I'm using foreman to start up my rails development server. It's nice that I can put all of my environment variables in the .env file. Is there a way to do something similar for my test environment?

我正在使用工头来启动我的rails开发服务器。我可以将所有环境变量放在.env文件中，这很好。有没有办法为我的测试环境做类似的事情？

I want to set an API key that I will use with the vcr gem, but I don't want to add the API to version control. Any suggestions besides setting the environment variable manually when I start up my tests script?

我想设置一个我将与vcr gem一起使用的API密钥，但我不想将API添加到版本控制中。除了在启动测试脚本时手动设置环境变量之外的任何建议？

3 个解决方案

#1

You can use the dotenv gem --- it'll work the same as foreman and load from a .env file. (and a .env.test file for your test environments)

您可以使用dotenv gem ---它将与foreman一样工作并从.env文件加载。（以及适用于您的测试环境的.env.test文件）

https://github.com/bkeepers/dotenv

#2

If you just need to set environment variables, you can either set them from command-line:

如果只需要设置环境变量，可以从命令行设置它们：

SOMETHING=123 SOMETHING_ELSE="this is a test" rake spec

Or you could define the following at the top of your Rakefile or spec_helper.rb:

或者您可以在Rakefile或spec_helper.rb的顶部定义以下内容：

ENV['SOMETHING']=123
ENV['SOMETHING_ELSE']="this is a test"

If they don't always apply, you could use a conditional:

如果它们不总是适用，您可以使用条件：

if something_needs_to_happen?
  ENV['SOMETHING']=123
  ENV['SOMETHING_ELSE']="this is a test"
end

If you want to use a Foreman .env file, which looks like:

如果要使用Foreman .env文件，如下所示：

SOMETHING=123
SOMETHING_ELSE="this is a test"

and turn it into the following and eval it:

并将其转换为以下内容并评估它：

ENV['SOMETHING']='123'
ENV['SOMETHING_ELSE']='this is a test'

You might do:

你可能会这样做：

File.open("/path/to/.env", "r").each_line do |line|
  a = line.chomp("\n").split('=',2)
  a[1].gsub!(/^"|"$/, '') if ['\'','"'].include?(a[1][0])
  eval "ENV['#{a[0]}']='#{a[1] || ''}'"
end

though I don't think that would work for multi-line values.

虽然我认为这不适用于多行值。

And as @JesseWolgamott noted, it looks like you could use gem 'dotenv-rails'.

正如@JesseWolgamott所说，看起来你可以使用gem'dotenv-rails'。

#3

One option is to alias the rspec command to be a little more specific. Put the following line in your dotfiles (.bashrc or .profile or something).

一种选择是将rspec命令别名更具体一些。将以下行放在dotfiles（.bashrc或.profile或其他内容）中。

alias 'rspec'='RACK_ENV=test RAILS_ENV=test bundle exec rspec'

Another option is to put environment variables in specific .env files:

另一种选择是将环境变量放在特定的.env文件中：

# .env.test

RAILS_ENV=test
MONGODB_URI=mongodb://localhost/test
# .. etc ..

Using the dotenv gem works or you can bring them in manually

使用dotenv gem可以使用，也可以手动将它们带入

$ export $(cat .env.test) && rspec

#1