前面简单提到了 Python 模拟登录的程序,但是没写清楚,这里再补上一个带注释的 Python 模拟登录的示例程序。简单说一下流程:先用cookielib获取cookie,再用获取到的cookie,进入需要登录的网站。
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# !/usr/bin/python
import urllib2
import urllib
import cookielib
import re
auth_url = 'http://www.nowamagic.net/'
home_url = 'http://www.nowamagic.net/' ;
# 登陆用户名和密码
data = {
"username" : "nowamagic" ,
"password" : "pass"
}
# urllib进行编码
post_data = urllib.urlencode(data)
# 发送头信息
headers = {
"Host" : "www.nowamagic.net" ,
"Referer" : "http://www.nowamagic.net"
}
# 初始化一个CookieJar来处理Cookie
cookieJar = cookielib.CookieJar()
# 实例化一个全局opener
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookieJar))
# 获取cookie
req = urllib2.Request(auth_url,post_data,headers)
result = opener. open (req)
# 访问主页 自动带着cookie信息
result = opener. open (home_url)
# 显示结果
print result.read()
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再附带几个示例程序:
1. 使用已有的cookie访问网站
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import cookielib, urllib2
ckjar = cookielib.MozillaCookieJar(os.path.join( 'C:\Documents and Settings\tom\Application Data\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\h5m61j1i.default' , 'cookies.txt' ))
req = urllib2.Request(url, postdata, header)
req.add_header( 'User-Agent' , \
'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)' )
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(ckjar) )
f = opener. open (req)
htm = f.read()
f.close()
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2. 访问网站获得cookie,并把获得的cookie保存在cookie文件中
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import cookielib, urllib2
req = urllib2.Request(url, postdata, header)
req.add_header( 'User-Agent' , \
'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)' )
ckjar = cookielib.MozillaCookieJar(filename)
ckproc = urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(ckjar)
opener = urllib2.build_opener(ckproc)
f = opener. open (req)
htm = f.read()
f.close()
ckjar.save(ignore_discard = True , ignore_expires = True )
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3. 使用指定的参数生成cookie,并用这个cookie访问网站
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import cookielib, urllib2
cookiejar = cookielib.CookieJar()
urlOpener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookiejar))
values = { 'redirect' :", 'email' : 'abc@abc.com' ,
'password' : 'password' , 'rememberme' :", 'submit' : 'OK, Let Me In!' }
data = urllib.urlencode(values)
request = urllib2.Request(url, data)
url = urlOpener. open (request)
print url.info()
page = url.read()
request = urllib2.Request(url)
url = urlOpener. open (request)
page = url.read()
print page
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