Tomcat报错： Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/myApp]]

Tomcat报错：
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/myApp]]

1、截图说明

2、Console输出

三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
警告: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:myApp' did not find a matching property.
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Server version:        Apache Tomcat/8.0.50
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Server built:          Feb 7 2018 20:06:05 UTC
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Server number:         8.0.50.0
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: OS Name:               Windows 10
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: OS Version:            10.0
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Architecture:          amd64
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Java Home:             C:\MyDev\Java\jdk1.8.0_131\jre
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: JVM Version:           1.8.0_131-b11
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: JVM Vendor:            Oracle Corporation
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: CATALINA_BASE:         C:\MyDev\Tomcat\apache-tomcat-8.0.50
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: CATALINA_HOME:         C:\MyDev\Tomcat\apache-tomcat-8.0.50
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Command line argument: -Dmaven.multiModuleProjectDirectory=$MAVEN_HOME
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=C:\MyDev\Tomcat\apache-tomcat-8.0.50
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=C:\MyDev\Tomcat\apache-tomcat-8.0.50
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Command line argument: -Dwtp.deploy=C:\MyDev\Tomcat\apache-tomcat-8.0.50\webapps
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Command line argument: -Djava.endorsed.dirs=C:\MyDev\Tomcat\apache-tomcat-8.0.50\endorsed
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
信息: Command line argument: -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener lifecycleEvent
信息: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: C:\MyDev\Java\jdk1.8.0_131\bin;C:\WINDOWS\Sun\Java\bin;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:/MyDev/Java/jre1.8.0_131/bin/server;C:/MyDev/Java/jre1.8.0_131/bin;C:/MyDev/Java/jre1.8.0_131/lib/amd64;C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\windows\system32;C:\Program Files (x86)\Skype\Phone\;C:\MyDev\Maven\apache-maven-3.5.2\bin;C:\MyDev\Java\jdk1.7.0_67\bin;"C:\MyDev\Java\jdk1.7.0_67\jre\bin;";C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\MyDev\Git\cmd;C:\MyDev\nodejs\;C:\Users\zjp\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;C:\Users\zjp\AppData\Roaming\npm;C:\MyDev\eclipse-jee-luna-SR2-win32-x86_64;;.
三月 14, 2018 2:48:58 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
三月 14, 2018 2:48:59 下午 org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool getSharedSelector
信息: Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
三月 14, 2018 2:48:59 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
三月 14, 2018 2:48:59 下午 org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool getSharedSelector
信息: Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
三月 14, 2018 2:48:59 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 1416 ms
三月 14, 2018 2:48:59 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
信息: Starting service Catalina
三月 14, 2018 2:48:59 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.0.50
三月 14, 2018 2:49:06 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/myApp]]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:943)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:871)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1408)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1398)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/myApp]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:162)
    ... 6 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Invalid <url-pattern> servlet/loginServlet in servlet mapping
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.addServletMappingDecoded(StandardContext.java:3195)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.addServletMappingDecoded(StandardContext.java:3182)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureContext(ContextConfig.java:1384)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1192)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:782)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:307)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:95)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5221)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    ... 6 more

三月 14, 2018 2:49:06 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:943)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:441)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:789)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:641)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:349)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:483)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:162)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1408)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1398)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:951)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:871)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    ... 6 more

三月 14, 2018 2:49:06 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
严重: The required Server component failed to start so Tomcat is unable to start.
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:162)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:641)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:349)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:483)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:162)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:789)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    ... 7 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:162)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:441)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    ... 9 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:951)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    ... 11 more

三月 14, 2018 2:49:06 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
信息: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
三月 14, 2018 2:49:06 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
信息: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
三月 14, 2018 2:49:06 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService stopInternal
信息: Stopping service Catalina
三月 14, 2018 2:49:06 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
信息: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
三月 14, 2018 2:49:06 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
严重: Failed to destroy end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.releaseCaches(NioEndpoint.java:315)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.unbind(NioEndpoint.java:491)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.destroy(AbstractEndpoint.java:896)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy(AbstractProtocol.java:551)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.destroyInternal(Connector.java:1023)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:292)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.destroyInternal(StandardService.java:589)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:292)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.destroyInternal(StandardServer.java:879)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:292)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:645)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:349)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:483)

三月 14, 2018 2:49:06 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
信息: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
三月 14, 2018 2:49:06 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
严重: Failed to destroy end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.releaseCaches(NioEndpoint.java:315)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.unbind(NioEndpoint.java:491)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.destroy(AbstractEndpoint.java:896)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy(AbstractProtocol.java:551)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.destroyInternal(Connector.java:1023)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:292)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.destroyInternal(StandardService.java:589)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:292)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.destroyInternal(StandardServer.java:879)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:292)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:645)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:349)
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:483)

3、报错分析

发生原因是：在部署描述符（web.xml）中配置的<url-pattern>出现问题，格式不正确，该格式必须符合url模式，要在前面加上"/"表示相对路径。

4、解决方法

修改成正确的url模式："/servlet/loginServlet"