注：本文翻译自Google官方的Android Developers Training文档，译者技术一般，由于喜爱安卓而产生了翻译的念头，纯属个人兴趣爱好。
原文链接：http://developer.android.com/training/animation/cardflip.html
这一节课将向您展示如何用自定义的fragment动画来实现翻牌动画（Card Flip）。翻牌动画是在视图切换的时候以翻牌形式为过渡动画的效果，其如下所示：
如果你希望略过这部分内容直接看代码样例，可以直接下载样例代码，然后选择淡入淡出动画的例子。下面的文件是实现代码：
src/CardFlipActivity.javaanimator/card_flip_right_in.xmlanimator/card_flip_right_out.xmlanimator/card_flip_left_in.xmlanimator/card_flip_left_out.xmllayout/fragment_card_back.xmllayout/fragment_card_front.xml
一）. 创建动画执行器
要创建翻牌动画，在“卡片”移出或者移入时，你需要两个动画执行器（Animator）。
card_flip_left_in.xml
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!-- Before rotating, immediately set the alpha to 0. -->
<objectAnimator
android:valueFrom="1.0"
android:valueTo="0.0"
android:propertyName="alpha"
android:duration="0" /> <!-- Rotate. -->
<objectAnimator
android:valueFrom="-180"
android:valueTo="0"
android:propertyName="rotationY"
android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/accelerate_decelerate"
android:duration="@integer/card_flip_time_full" /> <!-- Half-way through the rotation (see startOffset), set the alpha to 1. -->
<objectAnimator
android:valueFrom="0.0"
android:valueTo="1.0"
android:propertyName="alpha"
android:startOffset="@integer/card_flip_time_half"
android:duration="1" />
</set>
card_flip_left_out.xml
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!-- Rotate. -->
<objectAnimator
android:valueFrom="0"
android:valueTo="180"
android:propertyName="rotationY"
android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/accelerate_decelerate"
android:duration="@integer/card_flip_time_full" /> <!-- Half-way through the rotation (see startOffset), set the alpha to 0. -->
<objectAnimator
android:valueFrom="1.0"
android:valueTo="0.0"
android:propertyName="alpha"
android:startOffset="@integer/card_flip_time_half"
android:duration="1" />
</set>
card_flip_right_in.xml
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!-- Before rotating, immediately set the alpha to 0. -->
<objectAnimator
android:valueFrom="1.0"
android:valueTo="0.0"
android:propertyName="alpha"
android:duration="0" /> <!-- Rotate. -->
<objectAnimator
android:valueFrom="180"
android:valueTo="0"
android:propertyName="rotationY"
android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/accelerate_decelerate"
android:duration="@integer/card_flip_time_full" /> <!-- Half-way through the rotation (see startOffset), set the alpha to 1. -->
<objectAnimator
android:valueFrom="0.0"
android:valueTo="1.0"
android:propertyName="alpha"
android:startOffset="@integer/card_flip_time_half"
android:duration="1" />
card_flip_right_out.xml
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!-- Rotate. -->
<objectAnimator
android:valueFrom="0"
android:valueTo="-180"
android:propertyName="rotationY"
android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/accelerate_decelerate"
android:duration="@integer/card_flip_time_full" /> <!-- Half-way through the rotation (see startOffset), set the alpha to 0. -->
<objectAnimator
android:valueFrom="1.0"
android:valueTo="0.0"
android:propertyName="alpha"
android:startOffset="@integer/card_flip_time_half"
android:duration="1" />
</set>
二）. 创建视图
“卡片”的每一面是任何你希望的相互独立的内容，比如两屏的文字，两幅图片，或者任何视图的组合。接下来你就需要后面需要增加动画的fragment的两个布局。下面卡片其中一面的布局：
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:background="#a6c"
android:padding="16dp"
android:gravity="bottom"> <TextView android:id="@android:id/text1"
style="?android:textAppearanceLarge"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:textColor="#fff"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/card_back_title" /> <TextView style="?android:textAppearanceSmall"
android:textAllCaps="true"
android:textColor="#80ffffff"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:lineSpacingMultiplier="1.2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/card_back_description" /> </LinearLayout>
卡牌的另一面显示一幅图片：
<ImageView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:src="@drawable/image1"
android:scaleType="centerCrop"
android:contentDescription="@string/description_image_1" />
三）. 创建Fragment
为卡片的正反面创建fragment。这些类返回你之前在每个fragment中的onCreateView()方法中创建的布局。你可以在这些fragment的父activity（你期望显示卡牌的地方）创建这些fragment的实例。下面的代码展示了一个包含有fragment内部类的activity类：
public class CardFlipActivity extends Activity {
...
/**
* A fragment representing the front of the card.
*/
public class CardFrontFragment extends Fragment {
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_card_front, container, false);
}
}
/**
* A fragment representing the back of the card.
*/
public class CardBackFragment extends Fragment {
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_card_back, container, false);
}
}
}
四）. 卡片翻转动画
现在，你需要展示一个父activity中的fragment。要这么做，首先为你的activity创建布局。下面的例子创建了一个FrameLayout，你可以在运行时添加fragment。
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/container"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
在activity的代码中，将视图设置为你刚才创建的布局。也可以展示一个创建activity时默认的fragment，下面的代码展示了如何显示默认的卡牌的正面：
public class CardFlipActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_activity_card_flip);
if (savedInstanceState == null) {
getFragmentManager()
.beginTransaction()
.add(R.id.container, new CardFrontFragment())
.commit();
}
}
...
}
现在你已经有了卡牌的正面，你可以在某个时间通过卡牌反面的动画显示卡牌的背面。创建一个方法来显示卡牌的另一面，它做如下几件事情：
设置你之前为fragment切换所创建的自定义动画。
用新的fragment替换当前显示的fragment，并用你创建的自定义动画来执行这次动画切换。
将之前显示的fragment添加到回退栈中，所以当用户按下返回键时，卡片会翻转回来。
private void flipCard() {
if (mShowingBack) {
getFragmentManager().popBackStack();
return;
}
// Flip to the back.
mShowingBack = true;
// Create and commit a new fragment transaction that adds the fragment for the back of
// the card, uses custom animations, and is part of the fragment manager's back stack.
getFragmentManager()
.beginTransaction()
// Replace the default fragment animations with animator resources representing
// rotations when switching to the back of the card, as well as animator
// resources representing rotations when flipping back to the front (e.g. when
// the system Back button is pressed).
.setCustomAnimations(
R.animator.card_flip_right_in, R.animator.card_flip_right_out,
R.animator.card_flip_left_in, R.animator.card_flip_left_out)
// Replace any fragments currently in the container view with a fragment
// representing the next page (indicated by the just-incremented currentPage
// variable).
.replace(R.id.container, new CardBackFragment())
// Add this transaction to the back stack, allowing users to press Back
// to get to the front of the card.
.addToBackStack(null)
// Commit the transaction.
.commit();
}