ThreeJS系列1_CinematicCameraJS插件详解

时间：2022-04-22 03:22:13

ThreeJS系列1_CinematicCameraJS插件详解

接着上篇 ThreeJS系列1_CinematicCameraJS插件介绍

  1. 看属性的来龙去脉
  2. 看方法作用
  3. 通过调整属性查看效果
  4. 总结

ThreeJS系列1_CinematicCameraJS插件详解

1. 属性的来龙去脉

type
// 描述信息

this.type = 'CinematicCamera';
shaderSettings
  1. 初始化代码
	this.shaderSettings = {

		rings: 3,

		samples: 4

	};
  1. 使用地点
this.postprocessing.materialBokeh = new ShaderMaterial( {

    //...忽略代码

    defines: {

        RINGS: this.shaderSettings.rings,

        SAMPLES: this.shaderSettings.samples,

        DEPTH_PACKING: 1

    }

} );
  1. 小结

shaderSettings 最终作为 postprocessing.materialBokeh 的值使用

shaderSettings --> postprocessing.materialBokeh

materialDepth
  1. 初始化代码
//	ShaderMaterial 使用自定义shader渲染的材质。 shader是一个用GLSL编写的小程序 ，在GPU上运行。

    this.materialDepth = new ShaderMaterial( {

     uniforms: depthShader.uniforms,

     vertexShader: depthShader.vertexShader,

     fragmentShader: depthShader.fragmentShader

    } );

	this.materialDepth.uniforms[ 'mNear' ].value = near;

	this.materialDepth.uniforms[ 'mFar' ].value = far;
  1. 使用地点
// scene.overrideMaterial:

// 如果不为空，它将强制场景中的每个物体使用这里的材质来渲染。默认值为null。

scene.overrideMaterial = this.materialDepth;
  1. 小结

当做 scene.overrideMaterial

postprocessing
  1. 初始化代码
this.postprocessing = { enabled: true };
  1. 使用地点
// 主要在这个方法中进行更多的初始化

this.initPostProcessing();

...

// 在这个方法中进行聚焦操作

CinematicCamera.prototype.focusAt = function ( focusDistance ) {

    ...

    this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'focalDepth' ].value = this.ldistance;

};
  1. 总结

CinematicCamera主要参数在postprocessing中设置

2. 方法作用

setLens
// 提供fnumber和coc(混淆圈)作为额外参数

CinematicCamera.prototype.setLens = function ( focalLength, filmGauge, fNumber, coc ) {

 // 对于cinematicCamera来说，拥有一个默认的镜头设置很重要

 if ( focalLength === undefined ) focalLength = 35;

 if ( filmGauge !== undefined ) this.filmGauge = filmGauge;

 this.setFocalLength( focalLength );

 // 如果没有提供fnumber和coc, cinematicCamera尝试充当一个基本的PerspectiveCamera

 if ( fNumber === undefined ) fNumber = 8;

 if ( coc === undefined ) coc = 0.019;

 this.fNumber = fNumber;

 this.coc = coc;

 // fNumber是光圈对焦的

 this.aperture = focalLength / this.fNumber;

 // 超过焦距的镜头时需要计算depthOfField试图集中在远处给fNumber和focalLength

 this.hyperFocal = ( focalLength * focalLength ) / ( this.aperture * this.coc );

};

作用: 初始化相机焦距相关

focusAt
// 距相机较远的对焦功能, focusDistance 表示对焦物体到相机距离

CinematicCamera.prototype.focusAt = function ( focusDistance ) {

 if ( focusDistance === undefined ) focusDistance = 20;

 var focalLength = this.getFocalLength();

 // 与相机之间的距离(正常情况下为函数集)来聚焦

 this.focus = focusDistance;

 // 距相机最近的对焦点(未使用)

 this.nearPoint = ( this.hyperFocal * this.focus ) / ( this.hyperFocal + ( this.focus - focalLength ) );

 // 距相机最远的对焦点(未使用)

 this.farPoint = ( this.hyperFocal * this.focus ) / ( this.hyperFocal - ( this.focus - focalLength ) );

 // 所有东西都集中在里面的空间的间隙或宽度(未使用)

 this.depthOfField = this.farPoint - this.nearPoint;

 // 考虑标准镜头的最小焦距(未使用)

 if ( this.depthOfField < 0 ) this.depthOfField = 0;

 this.sdistance = this.smoothstep( this.near, this.far, this.focus );

 this.ldistance = this.linearize( 1 - this.sdistance );

 this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'focalDepth' ].value = this.ldistance;

};

// 线性化, 具体原理我也不懂

CinematicCamera.prototype.linearize = function ( depth ) {

	var zfar = this.far;

	var znear = this.near;

	return - zfar * znear / ( depth * ( zfar - znear ) - zfar );

};

// 平滑处理

CinematicCamera.prototype.smoothstep = function ( near, far, depth ) {

	var x = this.saturate( ( depth - near ) / ( far - near ) );

	return x * x * ( 3 - 2 * x );

};

// 判断x是否在0-1之间, 若x>1, 返回1; 若x<0, 返回0; 若x在0-1, 返回x

CinematicCamera.prototype.saturate = function ( x ) {

	return Math.max( 0, Math.min( 1, x ) );

};

作用: 修改相机的焦距, 虽然原理可能看不懂, 但是使用起来还是十分简单的: focusAt(焦距)

initPostProcessing
CinematicCamera.prototype.initPostProcessing = function () {

 // 判断是否启用postprocessing(后置处理), 不启用, 初始化直接结束, this指实例化相机对象

 if ( this.postprocessing.enabled ) {

  this.postprocessing.scene = new Scene();

  this.postprocessing.camera = new OrthographicCamera( window.innerWidth / - 2, window.innerWidth / 2, window.innerHeight / 2, window.innerHeight / - 2, - 10000, 10000 );

  this.postprocessing.scene.add( this.postprocessing.camera );

  var pars = { minFilter: LinearFilter, magFilter: LinearFilter, format: RGBFormat };

  // WebGLRenderTarget: render target是一个缓冲，就是在这个缓冲中，视频卡为正在后台渲染的场景绘制

  // 像素。 它用于不同的效果，例如用于在一个图像显示在屏幕上之前先做一些处理。

  this.postprocessing.rtTextureDepth = new WebGLRenderTarget( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight, pars );

  this.postprocessing.rtTextureColor = new WebGLRenderTarget( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight, pars );

  var bokeh_shader = BokehShader;

  this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms = UniformsUtils.clone( bokeh_shader.uniforms );

// 可以设置的参数如下所示

  this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "tColor" ].value = this.postprocessing.rtTextureColor.texture;

  this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "tDepth" ].value = this.postprocessing.rtTextureDepth.texture;

  this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "manualdof" ].value = 0;

  this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "shaderFocus" ].value = 0;

  this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "fstop" ].value = 2.8;

  this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "showFocus" ].value = 1;

  this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "focalDepth" ].value = 0.1;

  //console.log( this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "focalDepth" ].value );

  this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "znear" ].value = this.near;

  this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "zfar" ].value = this.near;

  this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "textureWidth" ].value = window.innerWidth;

  this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ "textureHeight" ].value = window.innerHeight;

  this.postprocessing.materialBokeh = new ShaderMaterial( {

   uniforms: this.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms,

   vertexShader: bokeh_shader.vertexShader,

   fragmentShader: bokeh_shader.fragmentShader,

   defines: {

    RINGS: this.shaderSettings.rings,

    SAMPLES: this.shaderSettings.samples,

    DEPTH_PACKING: 1

   }

  } );

  this.postprocessing.quad = new Mesh( new PlaneBufferGeometry( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight ), this.postprocessing.materialBokeh );

  this.postprocessing.quad.position.z = - 500;

  this.postprocessing.scene.add( this.postprocessing.quad );

 }

};
renderCinematic

加入启用了postprocessing, 那么使用这个方法渲染场景, 代替renderer.render(scene, camera)

CinematicCamera.prototype.renderCinematic = function ( scene, renderer ) {

 if ( this.postprocessing.enabled ) {

  var currentRenderTarget = renderer.getRenderTarget();

  renderer.clear();

  // Render scene into texture

  scene.overrideMaterial = null;

  renderer.setRenderTarget( this.postprocessing.rtTextureColor );

  renderer.clear();

  renderer.render( scene, this );

  // Render depth into texture

  scene.overrideMaterial = this.materialDepth;

  renderer.setRenderTarget( this.postprocessing.rtTextureDepth );

  renderer.clear();

  renderer.render( scene, this );

  // Render bokeh composite

  renderer.setRenderTarget( null );

  renderer.render( this.postprocessing.scene, this.postprocessing.camera );

  renderer.setRenderTarget( currentRenderTarget );

 }

};

3. 使用步骤

  • 可以更改的属性
  • 使用步骤
  1. 创建相机, 和PerspectiveCamera一样
camera = new CinematicCamera(60, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 1, 1000);
  1. 初始化焦距
// 初始化焦距

camera.setLens(5);

// 初始化位置

camera.position.set(2, 1, 500);
  1. 设置相机相关属性

    1. 创建属性对象, 下面所有都可以设置

      let effectController = {
      
  // BokehDepthShader中属性
      
  focalLength: 15,
      
  // jsDepthCalculation: true,
      
  // shaderFocus: false,
      
  fstop: 2.8,
      
  // maxblur: 1.0,
      
  showFocus: false,
      
  focalDepth: 3,
      
  // manualdof: false,
      
  // vignetting: false,
      
  // depthblur: false,
      
  //
      
  // threshold: 0.5,
      
  // gain: 2.0,
      
  // bias: 0.5,
      
  // fringe: 0.7,
      
  //
      
  // focalLength: 22,
      
  // noise: true,
      
  // pentagon: false,
      
  //
      
  // dithering: 0.0001
      
};

    2. 将属性对象赋值到相机上

      let matChanger = function(){
      
  // 遍历属性对象, 赋值到相机的属性上
      
  for(let e in effectController){
      
    if( e in camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms){
      
      camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[e].value = effectController[e];

    }
      
  }
      
  camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'znear' ].value = camera.near;
      
  camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'zfar' ].value = camera.far;
      
  camera.setLens( effectController.focalLength, camera.frameHeight, effectController.fstop, camera.coc );
      
  effectController[ 'focalDepth' ] = camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'focalDepth' ].value;
      
};
      
// 执行方法
      
matChanger();
  2. 设置焦距
camera.focusAt(targetDistance);

4. 源码

<template>

  <div ref="container">

  </div>

</template>

<script>

  import * as THREE from 'three';

  import {OrbitControls} from "../../assets/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls";

  import Stats from "../../assets/examples/jsm/libs/stats.module";

  import {CinematicCamera} from "../../assets/examples/jsm/cameras/CinematicCamera";

  import {GUI} from "../../assets/examples/jsm/libs/dat.gui.module";

  let scene, renderer;

  let camera;

  let container, stats;

  let raycaster, mouse = new THREE.Vector2(), INTERSECTED;

  let radius = 100,

      theta = 0;

  function init() {

    container = this.$refs.container;

    scene = new THREE.Scene();

    scene.background = new THREE.Color( 0xf0f0f0 );

    renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({

      antialias: true,

    });

    renderer.setPixelRatio(window.devicePixelRatio);

    renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);

    container.appendChild(renderer.domElement);

    // camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight);

    // camera.position.set(4, 5, 6);

    camera = new CinematicCamera(60, window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight, 1, 1000);

    // 重写了一个PerspectiveCamera不要的方法

    camera.setLens(5);

    camera.position.set(2, 1, 500);

    // let orbitControls = new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement);

    // scene.add(new THREE.AxesHelper(5));

    stats = new Stats();

    container.appendChild(stats.dom);

    // light

    scene.add( new THREE.AmbientLight( 0xffffff, 0.3 ) );

    var light = new THREE.DirectionalLight( 0xffffff, 0.35 );

    light.position.set( 1, 1, 1 ).normalize();

    scene.add( light );

    var geometry = new THREE.SphereBufferGeometry(10, 32, 32);

    // var geometry = new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( 20, 20, 20 );

    for ( var i = 0; i < 1500; i ++ ) {

      // 不一样的颜色

      var object = new THREE.Mesh( geometry, new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial( { color: Math.random() * 0xffffff } ) );

      // 位置 -400到400

      object.position.x = Math.random() * 800 - 400;

      object.position.y = Math.random() * 800 - 400;

      object.position.z = Math.random() * 800 - 400;

      scene.add( object );

    }

    raycaster = new THREE.Raycaster();

    let effectController = {

      // BokehDepthShader中属性

      focalLength: 15,

      // jsDepthCalculation: true,

      // shaderFocus: false,

      fstop: 2.8,

      // maxblur: 1.0,

      showFocus: false,

      focalDepth: 3,

      // manualdof: false,

      // vignetting: false,

      // depthblur: false,

      //

      // threshold: 0.5,

      // gain: 2.0,

      // bias: 0.5,

      // fringe: 0.7,

      //

      // focalLength: 22,

      // noise: true,

      // pentagon: false,

      //

      // dithering: 0.0001

    };

    let matChanger = function(){

      for(let e in effectController){

        if( e in camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms){

          camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[e].value = effectController[e];

        }

      }

      camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'znear' ].value = camera.near;

      camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'zfar' ].value = camera.far;

      camera.setLens( effectController.focalLength, camera.frameHeight, effectController.fstop, camera.coc );

      effectController[ 'focalDepth' ] = camera.postprocessing.bokeh_uniforms[ 'focalDepth' ].value;

    };

    matChanger();

    this.camera = camera;

    window.addEventListener('resize', onResize, false);

    window.addEventListener('mousemove', onMousemove, false);

  }

  function onMousemove(event) {

    // 取消事件的默认动作

    event.preventDefault();

    mouse.x = (event.clientX / window.innerWidth) * 2 - 1;

    mouse.y = -(event.clientY / window.innerHeight) * 2 + 1;

  }

  function onResize() {

    camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;

    camera.updateProjectionMatrix();

    renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);

  }

  function animation() {

    stats.update();

    render();

    // renderer.render(scene, camera);

    requestAnimationFrame(animation);

  }

  function render() {

    theta += 0.1;

    // MathUtils.degToRad(theta) 将度转化为弧度

    camera.position.x = radius * Math.sin(THREE.MathUtils.degToRad(theta));

    camera.position.y = radius * Math.sin(THREE.MathUtils.degToRad(theta));

    camera.position.z = radius * Math.cos(THREE.MathUtils.degToRad(theta));

    camera.lookAt(scene.position);

    // 更新物体及后代的全局变换

    camera.updateMatrixWorld();

    raycaster.setFromCamera(mouse, camera);

    let intersects = raycaster.intersectObjects(scene.children);

    if (intersects.length > 0) {

      let targetDistance = intersects[0].distance;

      camera.focusAt(targetDistance);

      if (INTERSECTED != intersects[0].object) {

        if(INTERSECTED) INTERSECTED.material.emissive.setHex( INTERSECTED.currentHex );

        INTERSECTED = intersects[ 0 ].object;

        INTERSECTED.currentHex = INTERSECTED.material.emissive.getHex();

        // MeshLambertMaterial的属性emissive

        // 材质的放射（光）颜色，基本上是不受其他光照影响的固有颜色。默认为黑色。

        INTERSECTED.material.emissive.setHex( 0xff0000 );

      }

    }else {

      if(INTERSECTED) INTERSECTED.material.emissive.setHex( INTERSECTED.currentHex );

      INTERSECTED = null;

    }

    if (camera.postprocessing.enabled) {

      camera.renderCinematic(scene, renderer);

    }else {

      scene.overrideMaterial = null;

      renderer.clear();

      renderer.render(scene, camera);

    }

  }

  export default {

    name: "CameraCinematic",

    data(){

      return {

        effectController: {

        },

        camera: {},

      }

    },

    mounted() {

      init.call(this);

      animation();

    }

  }

</script>

<style scoped>

</style>

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