在url中使用django用户名，而不是id

in a mini virtual community, i have a profile_view function, so that i can view the profile of any registered user. The profile view function has as a parameter the id of the user wich the profile belongs to, so that when i want to access the profile of user 2 for example, i call it like that: http://127.0.0.1:8000/accounts/profile_view/2/

在迷你虚拟社区中，我有一个profile_view功能，以便我可以查看任何注册用户的个人资料。配置文件视图功能将配置文件所属的用户的id作为参数，因此当我想访问用户2的配置文件时，我将其称为：http：//127.0.0.1：8000 /账户/ profile_view / 2 /

My problem is that i would like to have the username in the url, and NOT the id. I try to modify my code as follows, but it doesn't work still. Here is my code:

我的问题是我想在网址中输入用户名，而不是id。我尝试按如下方式修改我的代码，但它仍然不起作用。这是我的代码：

view:

视图：

def profile_view(request, user):
        u = User.objects.get(pk=user)
        up = UserProfile.objects.get(created_by = u)
        cv = UserProfile.objects.filter(created_by = User.objects.get(pk=user))
        blog = New.objects.filter(created_by = u) 
        replies = Reply.objects.filter(reply_to = blog)
        vote = Vote.objects.filter(voted=blog)
        following = Relations.objects.filter(initiated_by = u)
        follower = Relations.objects.filter(follow = u)
    return render_to_response('profile/publicProfile.html', {
        'vote': vote,
        'u':u,  
        'up':up, 
        'cv': cv, 
        'ing': following.order_by('-date_initiated'),  
        'er': follower.order_by('-date_follow'),
        'list':blog.order_by('-date'),
        'replies':replies
        }, 
        context_instance=RequestContext(request))

and my url:

和我的网址：

urlpatterns = patterns('',
                        url(r'^profile_view/(?P<user>\d+)/$', 
                           profile_view,
                           name='profile_view'),

thanks in advance!

提前致谢！

3 个解决方案

#1

You don't show what you have tried, or where you are having trouble. This is fairly simple, after all - just pass a username string to the function instead of an integer, and look up based on that.

您没有显示您尝试过的内容或遇到问题的地方。毕竟这很简单 - 只需将用户名字符串传递给函数而不是整数，然后根据它查找。

def profile_view(request, username):
    u = User.objects.get(username=username)

and modify your url to allow strings rather than integers:

并修改您的网址以允许字符串而不是整数：

url(r'^profile_view/(?P<username>\w+)/$', 
                       profile_view,
                       name='profile_view'),

#2

Here's how I do it using class based generic views and the use of slugs. It's surprisingly easy and requires only a few lines of code with the help of slugs.

这是我如何使用基于类的通用视图和slugs的使用。它非常简单，只需要几行代码就可以使用slug。

# accounts/views.py
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.views.generic.detail import DetailView

class UserProfileView(DetailView):
    model = User
    slug_field = "username"
    template_name = "userprofile.html"

# accounts/urls.py
from views import UserProfileView
urlpatterns = patterns('',
    # By user ID
    url(r'^profile/id/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', UserProfileView.as_view()),
    # By username
    url(r'^profile/username/(?P<slug>[\w.@+-]+)/$', UserProfileView.as_view()),
)

Now you can access both the user like accounts/profile/id/123/ as well as accounts/profile/username/gertvdijk/.

现在，您可以访问用户，例如accounts / profile / id / 123 /以及accounts / profile / username / gertvdijk /。

What's happening here?

这里发生了什么事？

The usually required pk URL parameter is omitted and replaced by slug in the URL pattern. This is accepted by the view, because...
通常需要的pk URL参数被省略，并由URL模式中的slug替换。这被观点所接受，因为......
The slug parameter is being used by the DetailView (or any other SingleObjectMixin-based view) to find the object on User.username by the use of model = User and slug_field = "username". (docs)
sluView参数由DetailView（或任何其他基于SingleObjectMixin的视图）使用，通过使用model = User和slug_field =“username”在User.username上查找对象。（文档）
Because a slug field is optional, the view is also happily serving using just the pk parameter.
因为slug字段是可选的，所以视图也很乐意仅使用pk参数。

#3

Add in the top of the file:

添加到文件的顶部：

from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404

and replace

并替换

u = User.objects.get(pk=user)

with

同

u = get_object_or_404(User, <login>=user)

where login is the username field in User model.

其中login是用户模型中的用户名字段。

#1