SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

时间:2022-08-26 17:21:05

1.打开官网稍微学习一下,了解一下spring cloud是个什么东西,大概有哪些组件等

https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud

https://docs.spring.io/spring-cloud-netflix/docs/current/reference/html/

2.新建项目

打开网址:https://start.spring.io/

选择需要引入的组件,然后下载下来即可

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

3.更改项目结构

为了测试的方便,需将项目结构更改为多模块的项目。

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

步骤如下:

(1) 依次新建子模块register-center/provider/consumer,删除父模块中多余的src、target等文件夹

(2) 修改父模块的pom文件:仅保留<dependencyManagement>配置节,<dependencies>配置节全部注释掉,因为可在子模块按需添加依赖。

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

(3) 修改register-center的pom中的依赖配置

  1. <dependencies>
  2. <!-- Eureka注册中心 -->
  3. <dependency>
  4. <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  5. <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
  6. </dependency>
  7. </dependencies>

(4) 修改provider和consumer的pom中依赖配置

  1. <dependencies>
  2. <dependency>
  3. <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  4. <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  5. </dependency>
  6. <dependency>
  7. <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  8. <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
  9. </dependency>
  10. </dependencies>

4.新建相应的测试类和配置文件

4.1 register-center模块

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

启动类

  1. package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.registercenter;
  2.  
  3. import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
  4. import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
  5. import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
  6.  
  7. @SpringBootApplication
  8. @EnableEurekaServer
  9. public class Application {
  10.  
  11. /**
  12. * 运行点对点模式(集群模式)时,通过添加VM参数启动不同的注册中心节点实例
  13. * 例如:-Dspring.profiles.active=peer2
  14. *
  15. * @param args
  16. */
  17. public static void main(String[] args) {
  18. SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
  19. }
  20.  
  21. }

yml配置

  1. spring:
  2. application:
  3. #应用名
  4. name: register-center
  5. freemarker:
  6. template-loader-path: classpath:/templates/
  7. prefer-file-system-access: false
  8. #激活的配置,可运行时添加参数进行修改 -Dspring.profiles.active=peer2
  9. profiles:
  10. active: peer1
  11.  
  12. # #Eureka独立模式配置,仅有一个注册中心节点
  13. #server:
  14. # port: 8090
  15. #eureka:
  16. # instance:
  17. # hostname: localhost
  18. # client:
  19. # #仅仅作为注册中心,既不提供服务也不订阅服务
  20. # registerWithEureka: false
  21. # fetchRegistry: false
  22. # #注册中心地址
  23. # serviceUrl:
  24. # defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
  25.  
  26. # Eureka点对点模式,保证注册中心高可用,注册的实例信息会在点与点之间相互同步
  27. eureka:
  28. client:
  29. serviceUrl:
  30. defaultZone: http://peer1.com:8091/eureka/,http://peer2.com:8092/eureka/,http://peer3.com:8093/eureka/
  31.  
  32. ---
  33. #每个注册中心节点不同的配置
  34. spring:
  35. profiles: peer1
  36. server:
  37. port: 8091
  38. eureka:
  39. instance:
  40. #在本机hosts中配置即可
  41. hostname: peer1.com
  42.  
  43. ---
  44. spring:
  45. profiles: peer2
  46. server:
  47. port: 8092
  48. eureka:
  49. instance:
  50. hostname: peer2.com
  51.  
  52. ---
  53. spring:
  54. profiles: peer3
  55. server:
  56. port: 8093
  57. eureka:
  58. instance:
  59. hostname: peer3.com

4.2 provider模块

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

启动类

  1. package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.provider;
  2.  
  3. import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
  4. import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
  5.  
  6. @SpringBootApplication
  7. public class Application {
  8.  
  9. /**
  10. * 运行时添加VM参数: -Dserver.port=8082可以启动多个provider实例
  11. *
  12. * @param args
  13. */
  14. public static void main(String[] args) {
  15. SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
  16. }
  17.  
  18. }

服务注册类

  1. package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.provider.restservice;
  2.  
  3. import org.slf4j.Logger;
  4. import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
  5. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
  6. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
  7.  
  8. /**
  9. * 注册的服务
  10. */
  11. @RestController
  12. public class RestService {
  13. /**
  14. * 日志
  15. */
  16. private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RestService.class);
  17.  
  18. @RequestMapping("/sayHello")
  19. public String sayHello(String name) {
  20. LOG.info("sayHello was called");
  21. return "hello, " + name;
  22. }
  23. }

yml配置

  1. spring:
  2. application:
  3. #应用名,也是eureka的服务名
  4. name: provider
  5. freemarker:
  6. template-loader-path: classpath:/templates/
  7. prefer-file-system-access: false
  8.  
  9. server:
  10. #运行时,添加参数-Dserver.port=8082运行新的provider实例
  11. port: 8081
  12.  
  13. eureka:
  14. client:
  15. #注册中心地址
  16. serviceUrl:
  17. #注册中心独立模式
  18. #defaultZone: http://localhost:8090/eureka/
  19. #注册中心点对点模式
  20. defaultZone: http://peer1.com:8091/eureka/,http://peer2.com:8092/eureka/,http://peer3.com:8093/eureka/

4.3 consumer配置

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

启动类

  1. package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.consumer;
  2.  
  3. import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
  4. import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
  5.  
  6. @SpringBootApplication
  7. public class Application {
  8.  
  9. public static void main(String[] args) {
  10. SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
  11. }
  12.  
  13. }

服务调用测试类

  1. package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.consumer.controller;
  2.  
  3. import com.netflix.appinfo.InstanceInfo;
  4. import com.netflix.discovery.EurekaClient;
  5. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  6. import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
  7. import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
  8. import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
  9. import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
  10. import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
  11. import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
  12. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
  13. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
  14. import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
  15.  
  16. import java.util.*;
  17.  
  18. /**
  19. * 测试
  20. */
  21. @RestController
  22. public class TestController {
  23.  
  24. /**
  25. * 使用服务名才能负载均衡,不能使用直接使用地址
  26. */
  27. private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://provider";
  28.  
  29. @Autowired
  30. private EurekaClient discoveryClient;
  31.  
  32. @Autowired
  33. private RestTemplate restTemplate;
  34.  
  35. @GetMapping("/testGet")
  36. public String testGet() {
  37. ResponseEntity<String> res = restTemplate.getForEntity(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/sayHello?name={1}", String.class, getName());
  38. return res.getBody();
  39. }
  40.  
  41. @GetMapping("/testPost")
  42. public String testPost() {
  43. MultiValueMap<String, Object> params = new LinkedMultiValueMap<String, Object>();
  44. params.add("name", getName());
  45.  
  46. // HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
  47. // headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
  48.  
  49. HttpEntity< MultiValueMap<String, Object>> request = new HttpEntity<>(params, null);
  50. ResponseEntity<String> res = restTemplate.postForEntity(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/sayHello", request, String.class);
  51. return res.getBody();
  52. }
  53.  
  54. private String getName() {
  55. List<String> greetings = Arrays.asList("Bob", "Alice", "Jack");
  56. Random rand = new Random();
  57. int randomNum = rand.nextInt(greetings.size());
  58. return greetings.get(randomNum);
  59. }
  60. }

RestTemplate负责均衡配置类

  1. package com.hdwang.springcloudtest.consumer.config;
  2.  
  3. import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
  4. import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
  5. import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
  6. import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
  7.  
  8. @Configuration
  9. public class RestTemplateConfig {
  10.  
  11. /**
  12. * 构建有负载均衡功能的RestTemplate实例对象
  13. *
  14. * @return RestTemplate实例对象
  15. */
  16. @Bean
  17. @LoadBalanced
  18. RestTemplate restTemplate() {
  19. return new RestTemplate();
  20. }
  21. }

yml配置

  1. spring:
  2. application:
  3. #应用名,也是Eureka的服务名
  4. name: cosumer
  5.  
  6. server:
  7. port: 8088
  8.  
  9. eureka:
  10. client:
  11. #注册中心地址
  12. serviceUrl:
  13. #注册中心独立模式
  14. #defaultZone: http://localhost:8090/eureka/
  15. #注册中心点对点模式
  16. defaultZone: http://peer1.com:8091/eureka/,http://peer2.com:8092/eureka/,http://peer3.com:8093/eureka/

5.运行测试

5.1本机hosts配置

127.0.0.1 peer1.com
127.0.0.1 peer2.com
127.0.0.1 peer3.com

5.2 编辑运行配置

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

三个注册中心节点运行配置

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

两个服务提供者的运行配置

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

5.3 运行程序

(1) 启动注册中心

依次启动RegisterCenter1->RegisterCenter2->RegisterCenter3,启动成功后,可访问http://localhost:8091/ 或http://localhost:8092/ 或http://localhost:8093/ 查看是否启动成功

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

(2)启动服务提供者provider

依次启动Provider1->Provider2, 随便访问一个注册中心地址首页即可查看状态,如下图

SpringCloud搭建netflix-eureka微服务集群的过程详解

(3) 启动消费者cosumer

(4) 在浏览器中进行测试

测试地址:http://localhost:8088/testPost / http://localhost:8088/testGet

(5) 在Provider1/Provider2的控制台中可以看到输出结果

2021-04-07 15:26:56.043  INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-1] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:26:58.860  INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-2] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:26:59.535  INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-3] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:26:59.925  INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-4] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:27:00.266  INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-5] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:27:00.663  INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-6] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:27:00.938  INFO 8796 --- [nio-8081-exec-7] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called

2021-04-07 15:26:58.602  INFO 17828 --- [nio-8082-exec-1] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:26:59.194  INFO 17828 --- [nio-8082-exec-2] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:26:59.737  INFO 17828 --- [nio-8082-exec-3] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:27:00.109  INFO 17828 --- [nio-8082-exec-4] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:27:00.414  INFO 17828 --- [nio-8082-exec-5] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called
2021-04-07 15:27:00.815  INFO 17828 --- [nio-8082-exec-6] c.h.s.provider.restservice.RestService   : sayHello was called

恭喜!至此,Spring Clound 微服务集群框架您已经搭建成功!

附录

github地址:https://github.com/hdwang123/springcloudtest

参考文章:

https://www.zhihu.com/question/283286745/answer/763040709

https://www.cnblogs.com/qdhxhz/p/9357502.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/cjsblog/p/8005766.html

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44448094/article/details/88535475

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原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/hdwang/archive/2021/04/07/14628372.html