如何自定义iOS通讯录

苹果给用户提供了自己的通讯录，但是根据业务的需求，需要自定义通讯录，我们就需要根据业务需求来自定义。
首先我们需要知道苹果的提供的一些Foundation、UIKit框架，了解其中的一些特性，可以打开手机查看苹果系统提供的原生的通讯录，可以看到：

1.搜索框
2.右侧搜索条
3.联系人分组
4.添加联系人
5.获取联系人头像及联系方式

根据需求，可以总结出自定义通讯录需要做的一些功能，一项大的功能可以差分成一些小的功能，然后一个一个实现，将复杂的问题差分成小问题解决。

1.自定义搜索框
2.获取首字母
3.权限判断
4.排序
5.自定义搜索
6.自定义联系人界面（考虑多值的情况，获取通讯录头像）

简答介绍下排序：

IOS项目中会用到对通讯录的联系人或是会员按姓名为关键字排序，因为NSArray并不直接支持对汉字的排序，这就要通过将汉字转换成拼音完成按A~Z的排序，这看起来是个头疼的问题，因为牵扯到汉字转为拼音，获取汉字的首字的首字母，如将“王”变成“W”。

函数原理是：我们知道，在Objective C语言中，字符串是以unicode进行编码的。在unicode字符集中，汉字的编码范围为4E00 到 9FA5 之间（即从第19968开始的20902个字符是中文简体字符）。我们把这些字符的拼音首字母按照顺序都存放在一个char数组中。当我们查找一个汉字的拼音首字母时，只需把这个汉字的unicode码（即char强制转换为int）减去19968，然后用这个数字作为索引去找char数组中存放的字母即可。
给出项目的源码，注释很清楚。代码如：
RYAddressBook.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "RYPersonInfo.h"

typedef void (^AddressBookBlock) (NSArray *personInfos);

@interface RYAddressBook : NSObject

/**
 * 将数字转化为字母 0~26 1~25=a~z 26=#
 */
NSString* SpellFromIndex(int index);

/**
 * 获取索引
 */
int Index(NSString *firstSpell);
/**
 * 获取用户所有通讯录信息
 *
 * @return 所有通讯录数据信息数组
 */
+ (void)getPersonInfo:(AddressBookBlock)addressBookBlock;

/**
 * 根据关键字匹配所有用户信息
 *
 * @param keyWord 匹配关键字
 *
 * @return 匹配到的通讯录数据信息数组
 */
+ (void)searchPersonInfo:(NSString *)keyWord addressBookBlock:(AddressBookBlock)addressBookBlock;

/**
 * 根据姓名进行数组的重排序
 *
 * @param personInfos 获取的通讯录数据信息数组
 */
+ (NSArray *)sortPersonInfos:(NSArray *)personInfos;

@end

RYAddressBook.m

#import "RYAddressBook.h"

@interface RYAddressBook ()

@property (nonatomic, copy) AddressBookBlock addressBookBlock;

@end

@implementation RYAddressBook

NSString* SpellFromIndex(int index)
{
 if (index == 26)
 return @"#";
 else
 return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%c", [@"A" characterAtIndex:0]+index];
}

int Index(NSString *firstSpell)
{
 int i = [firstSpell characterAtIndex:0] - [@"a" characterAtIndex:0];

 if ([firstSpell isEqualToString:@"#"] || i < 0 || i > 26) {
 return 26;
 }

 return [firstSpell characterAtIndex:0] - [@"a" characterAtIndex:0];
}

/**
 * 获取用户所有通讯录信息
 */
+ (void)getPersonInfo:(AddressBookBlock)addressBookBlock
{
 [[self alloc] getPersonInfo:addressBookBlock];
}

/**
 * 根据关键字匹配所有用户信息
 */
+ (void)searchPersonInfo:(NSString *)keyWord addressBookBlock:(AddressBookBlock)addressBookBlock
{
 [[self alloc] searchPersonInfo:keyWord addressBookBlock:addressBookBlock];
}

/**
 * 根据姓名进行数组的重排序
 */
+ (NSArray *)sortPersonInfos:(NSArray *)personInfos
{
 return [[self alloc] sortPersonInfos:personInfos];
}

- (void)getPersonInfo:(AddressBookBlock)addressBookBlock
{
 self.addressBookBlock = addressBookBlock;
 [self searchPersonInfo:@""];
}

- (void)searchPersonInfo:(NSString *)keyWord addressBookBlock:(AddressBookBlock)addressBookBlock
{
 self.addressBookBlock = addressBookBlock;
 [self searchPersonInfo:keyWord];
}

- (NSArray *)sortPersonInfos:(NSArray *)personInfos
{
 if (![personInfos isKindOfClass:[NSArray class]]) {
 return nil;
 }

 NSMutableArray *arr = [NSMutableArray array];

 for (int i = 0; i < 27; i++) {
 [arr addObject:[NSMutableArray array]];
 }

 for (NSObject *obj in personInfos) {

 if (![obj isKindOfClass:[RYPersonInfo class]]) {
  continue;
 }

 RYPersonInfo *personInfo = (RYPersonInfo *)obj;

 NSMutableArray *subArr = [arr objectAtIndex:Index(personInfo.firstSpell)];
 [subArr addObject:personInfo];
 }

 return arr;
}

/**
 * 根据关键字查询通讯录信息
 */
- (void)searchPersonInfo:(NSString *)keyWord
{
 CFErrorRef error = NULL;
 ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, &error);

 // 开始查询通讯录
 ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {

 if (granted) {
  [self filterContentForSearchText:keyWord];
 }
 });
}

/**
 * 开始匹配通讯录信息
 */
- (void)filterContentForSearchText:(NSString*)searchText
{
 //如果没有授权则退出
 if (ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus() != kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
 return;
 }

 NSArray *blockArray = [NSArray array];

 CFErrorRef error = NULL;
 ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, &error);

 if([searchText length]==0)
 {
 //查询所有
 blockArray = (__bridge NSArray *)ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(addressBook);

 } else {

 //条件查询
 CFStringRef cfSearchText = (CFStringRef)CFBridgingRetain(searchText);
 blockArray = CFBridgingRelease(ABAddressBookCopyPeopleWithName(addressBook, cfSearchText));

 CFRelease(cfSearchText);
 }

 // 类型转换
 blockArray = transformElements(blockArray);

 // 返回BlockArray
 self.addressBookBlock(blockArray);
}

/**
 * 将所有元素转化为JXPersonInfo类型数组
 */
NSArray* transformElements(NSArray* arr)
{
 NSMutableArray *rtnArray = [NSMutableArray array];
 for (int i = 0; i < arr.count; i++) {
 ABRecordRef recordRef = CFBridgingRetain([arr objectAtIndex:i]);
 RYPersonInfo *personInfo = [RYPersonInfo personInfoWithABRecordRef:recordRef];

 [rtnArray addObject:personInfo];
 }
 return rtnArray;
}
@end

RYPersonInfo.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <AddressBook/AddressBook.h>

@interface RYPersonInfo : NSObject

/**
 * 单值信息
 */
#define PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(name) @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
// 姓
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(firstName)
// 名
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(lastName)
// 中间名
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(middlename)
// 全名
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(fullName)
// 搜索索引
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(firstSpell)
// 前缀
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(prefix)
// 后缀
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(suffix)
// 昵称
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(nickname)
// 姓_音标
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(firstnamePhonetic)
// 名_音标
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(lastnamePhonetic)
// 中间名_音标
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(middlenamePhonetic)
// 公司
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(organization)
// 工作
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(jobtitle)
// 部门
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(department)
// 生日
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(birthday)
// 备忘录
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(note)
// 第一次创建用户信息的时间
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(firstknow)
// 最后一次更改用户信息的时间
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(lastknow)
// 名片类型(company/person)
PROPERTY_STR_READONLY(kind)

// 多值信息
#define PROPERTY_ARR_READONLY(name) @property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray *name;
// 邮箱
PROPERTY_ARR_READONLY(email)
// 地址
PROPERTY_ARR_READONLY(address)
// 日期
PROPERTY_ARR_READONLY(dates)
// iMessage
PROPERTY_ARR_READONLY(iMessage)
// 电话号码
PROPERTY_ARR_READONLY(phone)
// URL链接
PROPERTY_ARR_READONLY(url)

#define PROPERTY_IMG_READONLY(name) @property (nonatomic, strong) UIImage *name;
// 图片
//PROPERTY_IMG_READONLY(image)
/**
 * 初始化方法
 *
 * @param ref 联系人属性
 *
 * @return 实例对象
 */
- (id)initWithABRecordRef:(ABRecordRef)ref;

/**
 * 初始化类方法
 *
 * @param ref 联系人属性
 *
 * @return 实例对象
 */
+ (id)personInfoWithABRecordRef:(ABRecordRef)ref;

@end

RYPersonInfo.m

#import "RYPersonInfo.h"

#define nullStrToEmpty(str) \
[str rangeOfString:@"null"].location==0? @"" : str

/**
 * 单值信息
 */
#define GET_PROPERTY_METHOD(property, property_key) \
- (NSString *)property {\
return (NSString *)CFBridgingRelease(ABRecordCopyValue(_recordRef, property_key));\
}

/**
 * 多值信息
 */
#define DICT_ADD_STR_FOR_KEY(dict, str, key) \
if (str) {\
[dict setObject:str forKey:key];\
}
#define GET_PROPERTY_SIGLE_VALUE_METHOD(property, property_key)\
- (NSArray *)property\
{\
NSMutableArray *rtnArray = [NSMutableArray array];\
\
ABMultiValueRef ref = ABRecordCopyValue(_recordRef, property_key);\
long count = ABMultiValueGetCount(ref);\
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)\
{\
NSString* label = (__bridge NSString*)ABAddressBookCopyLocalizedLabel(ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(ref, i));\
NSString* content = (__bridge NSString*)ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(ref, i);\
NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];\
DICT_ADD_STR_FOR_KEY(dict, content, label);\
\
[rtnArray addObject:dict];\
}\
return rtnArray;\
}

@interface RYPersonInfo ()

@property (nonatomic , assign)ABRecordRef recordRef;

@end

@implementation RYPersonInfo

- (id)initWithABRecordRef:(ABRecordRef)ref {
 if (self = [super init]) {
 _recordRef = ref;
 }
 return self;
}

+ (id)personInfoWithABRecordRef:(ABRecordRef)ref {
 return [[[self class] alloc] initWithABRecordRef:ref];
}

GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( firstName , kABPersonFirstNameProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( lastName , kABPersonLastNameProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( middlename , kABPersonMiddleNameProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( prefix , kABPersonPrefixProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( suffix , kABPersonSuffixProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( nickname , kABPersonNicknameProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( organization , kABPersonOrganizationProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( jobtitle , kABPersonJobTitleProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( department , kABPersonDepartmentProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( birthday , kABPersonBirthdayProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( note  , kABPersonNoteProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( firstknow , kABPersonCreationDateProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( lastknow , kABPersonModificationDateProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( firstnamePhonetic , kABPersonFirstNamePhoneticProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( lastnamePhonetic , kABPersonLastNamePhoneticProperty);
GET_PROPERTY_METHOD( middlenamePhonetic, kABPersonMiddleNamePhoneticProperty);

GET_PROPERTY_SIGLE_VALUE_METHOD(email, kABPersonEmailProperty)
GET_PROPERTY_SIGLE_VALUE_METHOD(dates, kABPersonDateProperty)
GET_PROPERTY_SIGLE_VALUE_METHOD(url , kABPersonURLProperty)
GET_PROPERTY_SIGLE_VALUE_METHOD(phone, kABPersonPhoneProperty)

- (NSString *)kind
{
 NSString *rtnStr = nil;
 CFNumberRef recordType = ABRecordCopyValue(_recordRef, kABPersonKindProperty);
 if (recordType == kABPersonKindOrganization) {
 rtnStr = @"company";
 } else {
 rtnStr = @"person";
 }
 return rtnStr;
}

- (NSArray *)iMessage
{
 NSMutableArray *rtnArray = [NSMutableArray array];

 ABMultiValueRef instantMessage = ABRecordCopyValue(_recordRef, kABPersonInstantMessageProperty);
 for (int i = 1; i < ABMultiValueGetCount(instantMessage); i++)
 {
 NSString* label = (__bridge NSString*)ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(instantMessage, i);
 NSDictionary* content =(__bridge NSDictionary*) ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(instantMessage, i);

 NSMutableDictionary *imessageInfoDict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
 NSString* username = [content valueForKey:(NSString *)kABPersonInstantMessageUsernameKey];
 NSString* service = [content valueForKey:(NSString *)kABPersonInstantMessageServiceKey];
 DICT_ADD_STR_FOR_KEY(imessageInfoDict, username, @"username");
 DICT_ADD_STR_FOR_KEY(imessageInfoDict, service, @"service");

 NSDictionary *imessageDict = @{label: imessageInfoDict};
 [rtnArray addObject:imessageDict];
 }
 return rtnArray;
}

-(NSArray *)address
{
 NSMutableArray *rtnArray = [NSMutableArray array];

 ABMultiValueRef address = ABRecordCopyValue(_recordRef, kABPersonAddressProperty);
 long count = ABMultiValueGetCount(address);
 for(int i = 0; i < count; i++)
 {
 NSString* addressLabel = (__bridge NSString*)ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(address, i);
 NSDictionary* personaddress =(__bridge NSDictionary*) ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(address, i);

 NSMutableDictionary *addressInfoDict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
 NSString* country = [personaddress valueForKey:(NSString *)kABPersonAddressCountryKey];
 NSString* city = [personaddress valueForKey:(NSString *)kABPersonAddressCityKey];
 NSString* state = [personaddress valueForKey:(NSString *)kABPersonAddressStateKey];
 NSString* street = [personaddress valueForKey:(NSString *)kABPersonAddressStreetKey];
 NSString* zip = [personaddress valueForKey:(NSString *)kABPersonAddressZIPKey];
 NSString* coutntrycode = [personaddress valueForKey:(NSString *)kABPersonAddressCountryCodeKey];
 DICT_ADD_STR_FOR_KEY(addressInfoDict, country, @"country");
 DICT_ADD_STR_FOR_KEY(addressInfoDict, city,  @"city");
 DICT_ADD_STR_FOR_KEY(addressInfoDict, state, @"state");
 DICT_ADD_STR_FOR_KEY(addressInfoDict, street, @"street");
 DICT_ADD_STR_FOR_KEY(addressInfoDict, zip,  @"zip");
 DICT_ADD_STR_FOR_KEY(addressInfoDict, coutntrycode, @"coutntrycode");

 NSDictionary *addressDict = @{addressLabel: addressInfoDict};
 [rtnArray addObject:addressDict];
 }
 return rtnArray;
}

//- (UIImage *)image
//{
// NSData *data = (__bridge NSData*)ABPersonCopyImageData(_recordRef);
// return [UIImage imageWithData:data];
//}

#pragma mark -
#pragma mark - CustomProperty
/**
 * 全名
 */
- (NSString *)fullName
{
 return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@%@",
  nullStrToEmpty(self.lastName),
  nullStrToEmpty(self.middlename),
  nullStrToEmpty(self.firstName)];
}
/**
 * 首字母
 */
- (NSString *)firstSpell
{
 return getFirstSpell(self.fullName);
}

/**
 * 输出模型所有信息
 */
- (NSString *)description
{
 return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ -- InfoPacket",
  self.fullName];
}

/**
 * 获取首字母
 */
NSString* getFirstSpell(NSString *fullName)
{
 NSMutableString *ms = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:fullName];
 CFStringTransform((__bridge CFMutableStringRef)ms, 0, kCFStringTransformMandarinLatin, NO);
 CFStringTransform((__bridge CFMutableStringRef)ms, 0, kCFStringTransformStripDiacritics, NO);

 if (fullName.length > 0)
 return [[ms substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 1)] lowercaseString];
 else
 return @"#";
}

@end

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