TLP:一个可以延长 Linux 笔记本电池寿命的高级电源管理工具 | Linux 中国

时间:2024-05-23 10:39:07
TLP:一个可以延长 Linux 笔记本电池寿命的高级电源管理工具 | Linux 中国多年来,Linux 在电池优化方面取得了很大进步,但我们仍然需要做一些必要的事情来改善 Linux 中笔记本电脑的电池寿命。-- Magesh Maruthamuthu

笔记本电池是针对 Windows 操作系统进行了高度优化的,当我在笔记本电脑中使用 Windows 操作系统时,我已经意识到这一点,但对于 Linux 来说却不一样。

多年来,Linux 在电池优化方面取得了很大进步,但我们仍然需要做一些必要的事情来改善 Linux 中笔记本电脑的电池寿命。

当我考虑延长电池寿命时,我没有多少选择,但我觉得 TLP 对我来说是一个更好的解决方案,所以我会继续使用它。

在本教程中,我们将详细讨论 TLP 以延长电池寿命。

我们之前在我们的网站上写过三篇关于 Linux 笔记本电池节电工具 的文章:PowerTOP 和 电池充电状态

TLP

TLP 是一款*开源的高级电源管理工具,可在不进行任何配置更改的情况下延长电池寿命。

由于它的默认配置已针对电池寿命进行了优化,因此你可能只需要安装,然后就忘记它吧。

此外,它可以高度定制化,以满足你的特定要求。TLP 是一个具有自动后台任务的纯命令行工具。它不包含GUI。

TLP 适用于各种品牌的笔记本电脑。设置电池充电阈值仅适用于 IBM/Lenovo ThinkPad。

所有 TLP 设置都存储在 /etc/default/tlp 中。其默认配置提供了开箱即用的优化的节能设置。

以下 TLP 设置可用于自定义,如果需要,你可以相应地进行必要的更改。

TLP 功能

◈ 内核笔记本电脑模式和脏缓冲区超时◈ 处理器频率调整,包括 “turbo boost”/“turbo core”◈ 限制最大/最小的 P 状态以控制 CPU 的功耗◈ HWP 能源性能提示◈ 用于多核/超线程的功率感知进程调度程序◈ 处理器性能与节能策略(x86_energy_perf_policy)◈ 硬盘高级电源管理级别(APM)和降速超时(按磁盘)◈ AHCI 链路电源管理(ALPM)与设备黑名单◈ PCIe 活动状态电源管理(PCIe ASPM)◈ PCI(e) 总线设备的运行时电源管理◈ Radeon 图形电源管理(KMS 和 DPM)◈ Wifi 省电模式◈ 关闭驱动器托架中的光盘驱动器◈ 音频省电模式◈ I/O 调度程序(按磁盘)◈ USB 自动暂停,支持设备黑名单/白名单(输入设备自动排除)◈ 在系统启动和关闭时启用或禁用集成的 wifi、蓝牙或 wwan 设备◈ 在系统启动时恢复无线电设备状态(从之前的关机时的状态)◈ 无线电设备向导:在网络连接/断开和停靠/取消停靠时切换无线电◈ 禁用 LAN 唤醒◈ 挂起/休眠后恢复集成的 WWAN 和蓝牙状态◈ 英特尔处理器的动态电源降低 —— 需要内核和 PHC-Patch 支持◈ 电池充电阈值 —— 仅限 ThinkPad◈ 重新校准电池 —— 仅限 ThinkPad

如何在 Linux 上安装 TLP

TLP 包在大多数发行版官方存储库中都可用,因此,使用发行版的 包管理器 来安装它。

对于 Fedora 系统,使用 DNF 命令 安装 TLP。


  1. $ sudo dnf install tlp tlp-rdw

ThinkPad 需要一些附加软件包。


  1. $ sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
  2. $ sudo dnf install http://repo.linrunner.de/fedora/tlp/repos/releases/tlp-release.fc$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm
  3. $ sudo dnf install akmod-tp_smapi akmod-acpi_call kernel-devel

安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。


  1. $ sudo dnf install smartmontools

对于 Debian/Ubuntu 系统,使用 APT-GET 命令 或 APT 命令 安装 TLP。


  1. $ sudo apt install tlp tlp-rdw

ThinkPad 需要一些附加软件包。


  1. $ sudo apt-get install tp-smapi-dkms acpi-call-dkms

安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。


  1. $ sudo apt-get install smartmontools

当基于 Ubuntu 的系统的官方软件包过时时,请使用以下 PPA 存储库,该存储库提供最新版本。运行以下命令以使用 PPA 安装 TLP。


  1. $ sudo apt-get install tlp tlp-rdw

对于基于 Arch Linux 的系统,使用 Pacman 命令 安装 TLP。


  1. $ sudo pacman -S tlp tlp-rdw

ThinkPad 需要一些附加软件包。


  1. $ pacman -S tp_smapi acpi_call

安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。


  1. $ sudo pacman -S smartmontools

对于基于 Arch Linux 的系统,在启动时启用 TLP 和 TLP-Sleep 服务。


  1. $ sudo systemctl enable tlp.service
  2. $ sudo systemctl enable tlp-sleep.service

对于基于 Arch Linux 的系统,你还应该屏蔽以下服务以避免冲突,并确保 TLP 的无线电设备切换选项的正确操作。


  1. $ sudo systemctl mask systemd-rfkill.service
  2. $ sudo systemctl mask systemd-rfkill.socket

对于 RHEL/CentOS 系统,使用 YUM 命令 安装 TLP。


  1. $ sudo yum install tlp tlp-rdw

安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。


  1. $ sudo yum install smartmontools

对于 openSUSE Leap 系统,使用 Zypper 命令 安装 TLP。


  1. $ sudo zypper install TLP

安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。


  1. $ sudo zypper install smartmontools

成功安装 TLP 后,使用以下命令启动服务。


  1. $ systemctl start tlp.service

使用方法

显示电池信息


  1. $ sudo tlp-stat -b
  2. $ sudo tlp-stat --battery

  1. --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
  2. +++ Battery Status
  3. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/manufacturer = SMP
  4. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/model_name = L14M4P23
  5. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/cycle_count = (not supported)
  6. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full_design = 60000 [mWh]
  7. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full = 48850 [mWh]
  8. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_now = 48850 [mWh]
  9. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/power_now = 0 [mW]
  10. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/status = Full
  11. Charge = 100.0 [%]
  12. Capacity = 81.4 [%]

显示磁盘信息


  1. $ sudo tlp-stat -d
  2. $ sudo tlp-stat --disk

  1. --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
  2. +++ Storage Devices
  3. /dev/sda:
  4. Model = WDC WD10SPCX-24HWST1
  5. Firmware = 02.01A02
  6. APM Level = 128
  7. Status = active/idle
  8. Scheduler = mq-deadline
  9. Runtime PM: control = on, autosuspend_delay = (not available)
  10. SMART info:
  11. 4 Start_Stop_Count = 18787
  12. 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct = 0
  13. 9 Power_On_Hours = 606 [h]
  14. 12 Power_Cycle_Count = 1792
  15. 193 Load_Cycle_Count = 25775
  16. 194 Temperature_Celsius = 31 C]
  17. +++ AHCI Link Power Management (ALPM)
  18. /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm
  19. /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm
  20. /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm
  21. /sys/class/scsi_host/host3/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm
  22. +++ AHCI Host Controller Runtime Power Management
  23. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata1/power/control = on
  24. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata2/power/control = on
  25. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata3/power/control = on
  26. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata4/power/control = on

显示 PCI 设备信息


  1. $ sudo tlp-stat -e
  2. $ sudo tlp-stat --pcie

  1. $ sudo tlp-stat -e
  2. or
  3. $ sudo tlp-stat --pcie
  4. --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
  5. +++ Runtime Power Management
  6. Device blacklist = (not configured)
  7. Driver blacklist = amdgpu nouveau nvidia radeon pcieport
  8. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:00.0/power/control = auto (0x060000, Host bridge, skl_uncore)
  9. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:01.0/power/control = auto (0x060400, PCI bridge, pcieport)
  10. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:02.0/power/control = auto (0x030000, VGA compatible controller, i915)
  11. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:14.0/power/control = auto (0x0c0330, USB controller, xhci_hcd)
  12. ......

显示图形卡信息


  1. $ sudo tlp-stat -g
  2. $ sudo tlp-stat --graphics

  1. --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
  2. +++ Intel Graphics
  3. /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_dc = -1 (use per-chip default)
  4. /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_fbc = 1 (enabled)
  5. /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_psr = 0 (disabled)
  6. /sys/module/i915/parameters/modeset = -1 (use per-chip default)

显示处理器信息


  1. $ sudo tlp-stat -p
  2. $ sudo tlp-stat --processor

  1. --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
  2. +++ Processor
  3. CPU model = Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz
  4. /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_driver = intel_pstate
  5. /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor = powersave
  6. /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
  7. /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq = 800000 [kHz]
  8. /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq = 3500000 [kHz]
  9. /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power
  10. /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power
  11. ......
  12. /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/min_perf_pct = 22 [%]
  13. /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/max_perf_pct = 100 [%]
  14. /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo = 0
  15. /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/turbo_pct = 33 [%]
  16. /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/num_pstates = 28
  17. x86_energy_perf_policy: program not installed.
  18. /sys/module/workqueue/parameters/power_efficient = Y
  19. /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog = 0
  20. +++ Undervolting
  21. PHC kernel not available.

显示系统数据信息


  1. $ sudo tlp-stat -s
  2. $ sudo tlp-stat --system

  1. --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
  2. +++ System Info
  3. System = LENOVO Lenovo ideapad Y700-15ISK 80NV
  4. BIOS = CDCN35WW
  5. Release = "Manjaro Linux"
  6. Kernel = 4.19.6-1-MANJARO #1 SMP PREEMPT Sat Dec 1 12:21:26 UTC 2018 x86_64
  7. /proc/cmdline = BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64 root=UUID=69d9dd18-36be-4631-9ebb-78f05fe3217f rw quiet resume=UUID=a2092b92-af29-4760-8e68-7a201922573b
  8. Init system = systemd
  9. Boot mode = BIOS (CSM, Legacy)
  10. +++ TLP Status
  11. State = enabled
  12. Last run = 11:04:00 IST, 596 sec(s) ago
  13. Mode = battery
  14. Power source = battery

显示温度和风扇速度信息


  1. $ sudo tlp-stat -t
  2. $ sudo tlp-stat --temp

  1. --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
  2. +++ Temperatures
  3. CPU temp = 36 C]
  4. Fan speed = (not available)

显示 USB 设备数据信息


  1. $ sudo tlp-stat -u
  2. $ sudo tlp-stat --usb

  1. --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
  2. +++ USB
  3. Autosuspend = disabled
  4. Device whitelist = (not configured)
  5. Device blacklist = (not configured)
  6. Bluetooth blacklist = disabled
  7. Phone blacklist = disabled
  8. WWAN blacklist = enabled
  9. Bus 002 Device 001 ID 1d6b:0003 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 0 -- Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub (hub)
  10. Bus 001 Device 003 ID 174f:14e8 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 2000 -- Syntek (uvcvideo)
  11. ......

显示警告信息


  1. $ sudo tlp-stat -w
  2. $ sudo tlp-stat --warn

  1. --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
  2. No warnings detected.

状态报告及配置和所有活动的设置


  1. $ sudo tlp-stat

  1. --- TLP 1.1 --------------------------------------------
  2. +++ Configured Settings: /etc/default/tlp
  3. TLP_ENABLE=1
  4. TLP_DEFAULT_MODE=AC
  5. TLP_PERSISTENT_DEFAULT=0
  6. DISK_IDLE_SECS_ON_AC=0
  7. DISK_IDLE_SECS_ON_BAT=2
  8. MAX_LOST_WORK_SECS_ON_AC=15
  9. MAX_LOST_WORK_SECS_ON_BAT=60
  10. ......
  11. +++ System Info
  12. System = LENOVO Lenovo ideapad Y700-15ISK 80NV
  13. BIOS = CDCN35WW
  14. Release = "Manjaro Linux"
  15. Kernel = 4.19.6-1-MANJARO #1 SMP PREEMPT Sat Dec 1 12:21:26 UTC 2018 x86_64
  16. /proc/cmdline = BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64 root=UUID=69d9dd18-36be-4631-9ebb-78f05fe3217f rw quiet resume=UUID=a2092b92-af29-4760-8e68-7a201922573b
  17. Init system = systemd
  18. Boot mode = BIOS (CSM, Legacy)
  19. +++ TLP Status
  20. State = enabled
  21. Last run = 11:04:00 IST, 684 sec(s) ago
  22. Mode = battery
  23. Power source = battery
  24. +++ Processor
  25. CPU model = Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz
  26. /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_driver = intel_pstate
  27. /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor = powersave
  28. /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
  29. ......
  30. /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/min_perf_pct = 22 [%]
  31. /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/max_perf_pct = 100 [%]
  32. /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo = 0
  33. /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/turbo_pct = 33 [%]
  34. /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/num_pstates = 28
  35. x86_energy_perf_policy: program not installed.
  36. /sys/module/workqueue/parameters/power_efficient = Y
  37. /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog = 0
  38. +++ Undervolting
  39. PHC kernel not available.
  40. +++ Temperatures
  41. CPU temp = 42 C]
  42. Fan speed = (not available)
  43. +++ File System
  44. /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode = 2
  45. /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs = 6000
  46. /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs = 6000
  47. /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio = 20
  48. /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio = 10
  49. +++ Storage Devices
  50. /dev/sda:
  51. Model = WDC WD10SPCX-24HWST1
  52. Firmware = 02.01A02
  53. APM Level = 128
  54. Status = active/idle
  55. Scheduler = mq-deadline
  56. Runtime PM: control = on, autosuspend_delay = (not available)
  57. SMART info:
  58. 4 Start_Stop_Count = 18787
  59. 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct = 0
  60. 9 Power_On_Hours = 606 [h]
  61. 12 Power_Cycle_Count = 1792
  62. 193 Load_Cycle_Count = 25777
  63. 194 Temperature_Celsius = 31 C]
  64. +++ AHCI Link Power Management (ALPM)
  65. /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm
  66. /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm
  67. /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm
  68. /sys/class/scsi_host/host3/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm
  69. +++ AHCI Host Controller Runtime Power Management
  70. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata1/power/control = on
  71. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata2/power/control = on
  72. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata3/power/control = on
  73. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata4/power/control = on
  74. +++ PCIe Active State Power Management
  75. /sys/module/pcie_aspm/parameters/policy = powersave
  76. +++ Intel Graphics
  77. /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_dc = -1 (use per-chip default)
  78. /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_fbc = 1 (enabled)
  79. /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_psr = 0 (disabled)
  80. /sys/module/i915/parameters/modeset = -1 (use per-chip default)
  81. +++ Wireless
  82. bluetooth = on
  83. wifi = on
  84. wwan = none (no device)
  85. hci0(btusb) : bluetooth, not connected
  86. wlp8s0(iwlwifi) : wifi, connected, power management = on
  87. +++ Audio
  88. /sys/module/snd_hda_intel/parameters/power_save = 1
  89. /sys/module/snd_hda_intel/parameters/power_save_controller = Y
  90. +++ Runtime Power Management
  91. Device blacklist = (not configured)
  92. Driver blacklist = amdgpu nouveau nvidia radeon pcieport
  93. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:00.0/power/control = auto (0x060000, Host bridge, skl_uncore)
  94. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:01.0/power/control = auto (0x060400, PCI bridge, pcieport)
  95. /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:02.0/power/control = auto (0x030000, VGA compatible controller, i915)
  96. ......
  97. +++ USB
  98. Autosuspend = disabled
  99. Device whitelist = (not configured)
  100. Device blacklist = (not configured)
  101. Bluetooth blacklist = disabled
  102. Phone blacklist = disabled
  103. WWAN blacklist = enabled
  104. Bus 002 Device 001 ID 1d6b:0003 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 0 -- Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub (hub)
  105. Bus 001 Device 003 ID 174f:14e8 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 2000 -- Syntek (uvcvideo)
  106. Bus 001 Device 002 ID 17ef:6053 control = on, autosuspend_delay_ms = 2000 -- Lenovo (usbhid)
  107. Bus 001 Device 004 ID 8087:0a2b control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 2000 -- Intel Corp. (btusb)
  108. Bus 001 Device 001 ID 1d6b:0002 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 0 -- Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub (hub)
  109. +++ Battery Status
  110. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/manufacturer = SMP
  111. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/model_name = L14M4P23
  112. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/cycle_count = (not supported)
  113. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full_design = 60000 [mWh]
  114. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full = 51690 [mWh]
  115. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_now = 50140 [mWh]
  116. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/power_now = 12185 [mW]
  117. /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/status = Discharging
  118. Charge = 97.0 [%]
  119. Capacity = 86.2 [%]

via: https://www.2daygeek.com/tlp-increase-optimize-linux-laptop-battery-life/

作者:Magesh Maruthamuthu 选题:lujun9972 译者:wxy 校对:wxy

本文由 LCTT 原创编译,Linux中国 荣誉推出

TLP:一个可以延长 Linux 笔记本电池寿命的高级电源管理工具 | Linux 中国