路由器和交换机的接口命名含义

时间：2024-04-15 11:49:43

路由器和交换机的接口命名含义

来源 https://networkengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/18983/what-does-the-notation-f0-0-and-f0-1-mean-in-this-diagram/18987#18987

 

The notation is denoting that there are multiple NIC interfaces on the router in the diagram and it\'s making reference to this.

  • F0/0 - interface #1
  • F0/1 - interface #2

NOTE: The F indicates that the NIC/port is most likely a Fast Ethernet type of connection.

This diagram from the Cisco website shows them as well. Here\'s the referenced as Fa 0/1, which I believe is the more typical notation.

 

The other interesting take away is that the notation may sometimes include a 3rd digit to denote that the interface being referenced is not built into the Motherboard of the networking gear. The above diagram shows some examples of this, ie. T1 1/0/1. NOTE: The 3rd digit prefixes, and indicates which "slot" on the Motherboard a port is coming from.

Again the Cisco reference describes these slots like so:

 

I was also able to dig up this reference: Interface Nomenclature Guide of Router and Switch which describes the reference of F0/0 like so. Take note that there are 2 types of situations:

  • Fixed interface series router
  • Modular interface series router

This notation was originally used for fixed types of routers:

In fixed interface series router, the interface nomenclature is type slot_#/ port_#.

But with the advent of modular routers, that did not denote which addon card (WIC) was being referenced. So the notation was expanded:

  • New naming convention only for WIC slots (WAN Interface Card) is type slot_#/subslot_#/ port_#.
  • Ports installed directly on chassis still use classic convention that is type slot_#/ port_#.

Incidentally that same site had this table which describes the F0/0 notation like this:

 

Additional searches did turn up this URL: Standard Router Ports which had these types of ports listed:

  • Aux port: This auxiliary port is used to connect a modem to the router, which can then be used to remotely modify the configuration on the router.
  • Attachment Unit Interface (AUI) port: Before the WIC became a standard for providing expansion through an add-on port, the AUI allowed transceivers to be used, providing you with the ability to add various types of network connections, such as fiber or copper Ethernet connections.
  • Serial: Connects a modem or other serial device to allow a WAN network interface to be used on the router.
  • Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet: Standard network interfaces used to connect different network segments.
  • Console: Serial configuration port for command-line access to router management and configuration. Refer to Figure 3-1 to see the console port.
  • WAN Interface Card (WIC) port: Because a wide variety of WAN connectivity options are available (for example, T1, ISDN, ADSL), you can use this port to add different interfaces to a standard router.
  • Hardware WAN Interface Card (HWIC) port: With the integration of services into routers, the WIC interface became too limiting. The HWIC interface was created to support a wider variety of hardware expansion options, such as switches and service cards. This port is backward compatible with most older WIC hardware.

As well as this URL: Different types of interfaces in a Cisco Router:

  • Ethernet - Ethernet is typically Ethernet IEEE 802.3 standard based physical interface, which operates at 10 Mbps speed. The media standard used is 10BaseT.
  • Fast Ethernet - Fast Ethernet is typically Ethernet IEEE 802.3u standard based physical interface which operates at 100 Mbps speed. The media standard used is 100BaseT.
  • Gigabit Ethernet - Gigabit Ethernet is typically Ethernet IEEE 802.3ab standard based physical interface which operates at 1000 Mbps speed. The media standard used is 1000BASE-T
  • Serial - Serial interfaces are typically used for WAN connections from ISP (Internet Service Providers) for connectivity types like Frame Relay, T1, T3, etc.
  • FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface - FDDI networks operates at 100 Mbps speed and uses a token-passing mechanism to prevent collisions.
  • Token Ring - Token Ring interfaces can operate at either 4 Mbps or 16 Mbps. In Token Ring networks a token is passed around the network (configured in ring topology), allowing the owner of the token to transmit a frame, to avoid collision.Token Ring networks vanished from networking industry long way back. New Cisco routers do not have a Token Ring interface.

Note: Only 10Mbps Ethernet interface has a name "Ethernet" in a Cisco Router. A 100Mbps Ethernet interface is called a "FastEthernet" interface and a 1000Mbps Ethernet interface is called a "GigabitEthernet" interface.

That last bit is a bit more telling. Since Ethernet would historically been used for 10MBps interfaces, the "F" in my "F0/0" & "F0/1" diagram would seem to imply that the interface is a FastEthernet capable connection (10/100MBps).

However, more recently, Ethernet can also be used interchangeably on Gigabit Ethernet as well as 10G Ethernet ports, so you need to pay special attention to the actual equipment that\'s been referenced by a diagram.

References

 

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该符号表示图中的路由器上有多个NIC接口，并且正在对此进行引用。

  • F0 / 0-接口＃1
  • F0 / 1-接口＃2

注： F表示NIC /端口很可能是快速以太网类型的连接。

思科网站上的此图也显示了它们。这里称为Fa 0/1，我相信这是更典型的表示法。

 

另一个有趣的收获是，该符号有时可能包含第三个数字，以表示所引用的接口未内置在网络设备的主板中。上图显示了一些示例。T1 1/0/1。注意：第3位数字前缀，表示端口来自主板上的哪个“插槽”。

再次，Cisco参考描述了这些插槽，如下所示：

 

我也能够找到该参考文献：《路由器和交换机的接口命名指南》，像这样描述了F0 / 0的参考文献。请注意，有两种情况：

  • 固定接口系列路由器
  • 模块化接口系列路由器

此符号最初用于固定类型的路由器：

在固定接口系列路由器中，接口名称为 类型 槽位 _＃/ 端口_＃。

但是随着模块化路由器的问世，这并不表示正在引用哪个附加卡（WIC）。因此，表示法进行了扩展：

  • 仅对于WIC插槽（WAN接口卡）的新命名约定是 类型 槽位 _＃/ 子槽位 _＃/ 端口_＃。
  • 直接安装在机箱上的端口仍为 类型 槽位 _＃/ 端口_＃ 的经典约定。

顺便说一句，同一站点具有此表，该表描述了这样的F0 / 0表示法：

 

其他搜索确实打开了以下URL：标准路由器端口，其中列出了以下类型的端口：

  • 辅助端口：此辅助端口用于将调制解调器连接到路由器，然后可用于远程修改路由器上的配置。
  • 附件单元接口（AUI）端口：在WIC成为通过附加端口提供扩展的标准之前，AUI允许使用收发器，从而使您能够添加各种类型的网络连接，例如光纤或铜缆以太网连接。
  • 串行：连接调制解调器或其他串行设备，以允许在路由器上使用WAN网络接口。
  • 以太网/快速以太网/千兆以太网：用于连接不同网段的标准网络接口。
  • 控制台：串行配置端口，用于命令行访问路由器管理和配置。请参阅图3-1，查看控制台端口。
  • WAN接口卡（WIC）端口：由于有多种WAN连接选项可用（例如T1，ISDN，ADSL），因此您可以使用此端口向标准路由器添加不同的接口。
  • 硬件WAN接口卡（HWIC）端口：随着将服务集成到路由器中，WIC接口变得过于局限。HWIC接口的创建旨在支持各种硬件扩展选项，例如交换机和服务卡。该端口与大多数较旧的WIC硬件向后兼容。

以及以下URL：Cisco路由器中的不同类型的接口：

  • 以太网 -以太网通常是基于以太网IEEE 802.3标准的物理接口，其运行速度为10 Mbps。使用的媒体标准是10BaseT。
  • 快速以太网 -快速以太网通常是基于以太网IEEE 802.3u标准的物理接口，其运行速度为100 Mbps。使用的媒体标准是100BaseT。
  • 千兆以太网 -千兆以太网通常是基于以太网IEEE 802.3ab标准的物理接口，其运行速度为1000 Mbps。使用的媒体标准是1000BASE-T
  • 串行 -串行接口通常用于ISP（Internet服务提供商）的WAN连接，以实现帧中继，T1，T3等连接类型。
  • FDDI光纤分布式数据接口 -FDDI网络以100 Mbps的速度运行，并使用令牌传递机制来防止冲突。
  • 令牌环 -令牌环接口可以以4 Mbps或16 Mbps的速度运行。在令牌环网络中，令牌在网络中传递（以环形拓扑配置），从而令牌的所有者可以传输帧以避免冲突。令牌环网络从网络行业中消失了很长时间。新的Cisco路由器没有令牌环接口。

注意：在Cisco路由器中，只有10Mbps以太网接口的名称为“以太网”。100Mbps以太网接口称为“ FastEthernet”接口，而1000Mbps以太网接口称为“ GigabitEthernet”接口。

最后一点更具说服力。由于以太网过去一直用于10MBps接口，因此在我的“ F0 / 0”和“ F0 / 1”图中，“ F”似乎暗示该接口是支持FastEthernet的连接（10 / 100MBps）。

但是，最近，以太网也可以在千兆位以太网和10G以太网端口上互换使用，因此您需要特别注意图中引用的实际设备。

参考文献

 

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