springboot成神之——springboot入门使用

时间：2023-06-04 18:40:26

springboot创建webservice访问mysql（使用maven）

安装

使用maven，在你的pom.xml中添加如下配置

<parent>

	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

	<version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>

</parent>

<dependency>

	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

	<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>

	<optional>true</optional>

</dependency>

<plugin>

	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

	<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>

</plugin>

maven package 测试是否安装成功

mvn dependency:tree 查看你的安装依赖

起步

src/main/java 下面添加一个类，假如如下代码

import org.springframework.boot.*;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.*;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

@SpringBootApplication                                                          // 声明主程序类

@RestController                                                                 // 声明我们的类是一个web容器

@EnableAutoConfiguration                                                        // 自动配置spring

public class first {

	@RequestMapping("/")                                                        // 监听("/")路由，返回字符串

	String home() {

		return "Hello World!";

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		SpringApplication.run(first.class, args);                               // 开启tomcat服务器，运行程序

	}

}

如果端口冲突，可以配置tomcat的端口

在src/main/resources/

创建文件application.properties

加入 server.port=8888

# application.properties文件的格式

application.name=@project.name@

application.version=@project.version@

1. maven运行spring

    运行 mvn spring-boot:run

2. 打包成可执行文件执行

    运行 mvn package 打包war文件

    运行 jar tvf FirstMaven-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war 查看war包里面的内容

    运行 java -jar FirstMaven-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war 运行可执行文件

    访问 http://localhost:8888/#/

spring常用命令

mvn dependency:tree                                                 查看依赖

mvn spring-boot:run                                                 运行程序

mvn package                                                         打包程序

jar tvf myproject-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar                                查看jar包内部信息

java -jar myproject-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar                              运行你的jar包

spring常见注释

@RestController                                                     声明是一个控制器和@Controller等效，用来处理网络请求

@RequestMapping                                                     声明请求的路径

@Autowired                                                          自动注入，你可以使用构造器注入来代替@Autowired，如下

    public class DatabaseAccountService implements AccountService {

        private final RiskAssessor riskAssessor;

        public DatabaseAccountService(RiskAssessor riskAssessor) {

            this.riskAssessor = riskAssessor;

        }

    }

    public class DatabaseAccountService implements AccountService {

        @Autowired

        RiskAssessor riskAssessor;

    }

    上面两者等价

@SpringBootApplication                                              等价于开启@EnableAutoConfiguration，@ComponentScan，@Configuration

@EnableAutoConfiguration                                            开启spring默认依赖配置

@ComponentScan                                                      如果这个添加入口文件，那么可以扫描到@Component, @Service, @Repository, @Controller声明的文件，并且自动注册成bean

@Configuration                                                      允许配置其他的bean和使用@Import导入其他配置类

@Import                                                             导入其他配置类@Import({ MyConfig.class, MyAnotherConfig.class })

springboot入门级使用

配置你的pom.xml文件



<parent>

    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

    <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>

</parent>

<properties>

    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>

    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>

    <java.version>1.8</java.version>

</properties>

<dependency>

    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

    <groupId>mysql</groupId>

    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

</dependency>

<dependency>

    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>

    <scope>test</scope>

</dependency>

<plugin>

	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

	<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>

    <configuration>

        <jvmArguments>

            -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=y,address=5005

        </jvmArguments>

	</configuration>

</plugin>

配置文件

application.properties

    spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&allowMultiQueries=true&useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true

    spring.datasource.username=root

    spring.datasource.password=123

    spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

    spring.datasource.max-idle=10

    spring.datasource.max-wait=1000

    spring.datasource.min-idle=5

    spring.datasource.initial-size=5

    server.port=8888

    server.session.timeout=10

    server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8

创建所需测试类

Greeting.java

    public class Greeting {

        private final long id;

        private final String content;

        public Greeting(long id, String content) {

            this.id = id;

            this.content = content;

        }

        public long getId() {

            return id;

        }

        public String getContent() {

            return content;

        }

    }

GreetingController.java

    import java.util.HashMap;

    import java.util.List;

    import java.util.Map;

    import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;

    import javax.security.auth.message.callback.PrivateKeyCallback.Request;

    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.CrossOrigin;

    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

    @RestController // 标记控制器返回一个域对象

    public class GreetingController {

        @Autowired

        private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

        private static final String template = "Hello, %s!";

        private final AtomicLong counter = new AtomicLong();

        @CrossOrigin(origins = "http://localhost:8080") // 跨域设置

        @RequestMapping("/greeting") // 绑定路由，支持get,post,put，限定路由方式的写法@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET,value="/greeting")

        public Greeting greeting(@RequestParam(value="name", defaultValue="World") String name) {

            return new Greeting(counter.incrementAndGet(), String.format(template, name));

        }

        @CrossOrigin(origins = "http://localhost:8080")

        @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET,value="/mytest")

        public List<Map<String, Object>>  mytest(@RequestParam(value="name", defaultValue="小红") String name) { // @RequestBody Map<String,Object> params

            String sql = "select * from test WHERE name=?;";

            List<Map<String, Object>> result = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql, name);

            return result;

        }

    }

first.java

    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

    @SpringBootApplication

    public class first {

        public static void main(String[] args) {

            SpringApplication.run(first.class, args);

        }

    }

测试页面

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">

    <title>Document</title>

    <script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>

    <script>

        // axios.get('http://localhost:8888/greeting').then(function (response) {

        //     console.log(response);

        // }).catch(function (error) {

        //     console.log(error);

        // }).then(function () {

        // });

        // axios.get('http://localhost:8888/greeting', {

        //     params: {

        //         name: 'User'

        //     }

        // }).then(function (response) {

        //     console.log(response);

        // }).catch(function (error) {

        //     console.log(error);

        // }).then(function () {

        // });

        axios.post('http://localhost:8888/greeting').then(function (response) {

            console.log(response);

        }).catch(function (error) {

            console.log(error);

        }).then(function () {

        });

        axios.post('http://localhost:8888/greeting', {

            name: 'User'

        }).then(function (response) {

            console.log(response);

        }).catch(function (error) {

            console.log(error);

        }).then(function () {

        });

    </script>

</head>

<body>

</body>

</html>

绑定路由的其他方式

@GetMapping("/employees")

@GetMapping("/employees/{id}")

@PostMapping("/employees")

@PutMapping("/employees/{id}")

@DeleteMapping("/employees/{id}")

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