英语音标发音 - 东方

时间:2024-03-01 15:26:18

英语音标发音

    • Consonants 辅音
      • /f/ 
        • f, ff (regular)
          • fat, left;
          • stiff, offer, affair
        • ph (regular)
          • physical, photo, sphere
        • gh
          • laugh, cough, rough, tough, enough
      • /v/ 
        • v (regular)
          • vain, over, review
        • f, ph (in a few words)
          • of, nephew
      • /θ/
        • th
          • thief, thought, method, thick
        • ths [θs] (短元音或辅音后) 
          • deaths, months, depths
      • /ð/
        • th (通常在代词、连词、介词及冠词中出现)
          • they, their, the, that, than, though, with
        • -the
          • breathe, clothe
        • -ths [ðz] (长元音或双元音后)
          • truths, mouths, baths
        • 但是[θs] 如果有字母 r
          • births, fourths
      • /s/
        • s, ss (usual)
          • soap, escape; pass, miss
        • c (before e, i, y)
          • piece, concert, city, pencil, cycle, bicycle
        • sc (before i, e)
          • science, scene
        • x [ks]
          • box, fix, exercise, exhibition
      • /z/
        • s (两个元音之间)
          • desire, music, design
        • s (在元音与不发音的 e 之间)
          • rise, these, nose
        • z, zz
          • zoo; buzz, dizzy
        • x [gz] 在重读元音前
          • exact, example, examine, exhaust
      • /ʃ/
        • sh (regular)
          • ship, wash
        • -tia-, -tie-, -tio-
          • partial, initial, patient, nation
        • -cia-, -cie-, -cio-
          • social, sufficient, conscious
        • -sion [ʃən] (非重读在辅音字母之后)
          • pension, discussion, omission
        • s or ss (before u)
          • sure, assure, sugar
      • /ʒ/ 
        • -sure or –zure [ʒə] 非重读音节
          • leisure, treasure, seizure
        • -sion [ʒən] 非重读元音字母后
          • decision, confusion, occasion
        • -ge 法语外来词中
          • garage, prestige, rouge
      • /h/
        • h (regular)
          • heat, hot
        • wh- (before o)
          • who, whom, whole
      • /p/
        • p (regular)
          • peace, pen, top
      • /b/ 
        • b (regular)
          • bed, book, club
        • 在字母 t 之前不发音
          • debt, doubt, subtle
        • 在单词结尾并在字母 m 之后不发音
          • comb, lamb, tomb, climb
      • /t/ 
        • t, tt (regular)
          • taught, better, bottle
        • -ed
          • wrapped, walked, laughed
        • 字母 t 在“stle”“sten”中不发音
          • castle, whistle, listen, fasten
      • /d/
        • d, dd (regular)
          • do, dear, ladder, odd
        • -ed
          • tired, played, cleaned, robbed
      • /k/
        • c, cc (except before e, i or y) 
          • can, corn, cure, accord
        • k, ck (regular) 
          • cake, king, back, clock
        • ch (before r or after s)
          • Christmas, school, scheme
        • qu, -que
          • liquor, mosquito, unique
        • qu [kw]
          • quiet, quick, question
      • /g/
        • g, gg
          • get, bigger
        • gu, -gue
          • guide, guard, dialogue, league
        • -gu- [gw] (in the middle of words)
          • language, distinguish, linguistics
        • gh
          • ghost, ghastly
      • /tʃ/
        • ch, tch (usual)
          • church, chair, match, watch
        • t+ure, t+eous
          • nature, picture, righteous
        • t+ion (after s)
          • question, suggestion
      • / dʒ/
        • j (regular)
          • just, joke
        • g (usual, before i, e and y)
          • gentle, age, giant, gymnastic
        • dg(e)
          • ridge, edge, judge
      • /tr/
        • tr
          • tree, trick, true
      • /dr/
        • dr
          • drop, drip
      • /ts/
        • -ts, -tes
          • lets, fists, bites, classmates
      • /dz/
        • -ds, -des
          • beds, spades, spends, divedes
      • /m/ 
        • m, mm (regular)
          • meat, summer
        • -mn (n is silent when final after m)
          • autumn, solemn
        • -mb (b is silent when final after m) 
          • lamb, thumb, climb
      • /n/
        • n, nn (regular) 
          • night, sunny, funny
        • kn (k is silent when initial before n) 
          • know, knife, kneel
        • gn
          • sign, design
      • /ŋ/
        • -ng 
          • sing, spring
        • n (before [k] or [g] ) 
          • sink, anger, uncle
      • /l/
        • l, ll (regular) 
          • light, bell
        • 字母 l 在很多单词里不发音 
          • talk, walk, half, would, should, folk
      • /r/
        • r (仅在元音前)
          • red, bread, very, spirit
        • rh- (h is silent) 
          • rhyme, rhythm, rhythmical
        • wr- (w is silent) 
          • write, wrong
    • Semi-Vowels 半元音
      • /j/
          • yes, yield
        • i, e (before [ə] ) 
          • opinion, companion
        • [ju:] is frequently spelt with u, ue, ui, ew, eu and eau 
          • unit, due, suit, few, feudal, beauty
      • /w/
        • w (regular) 
          • week, swim
        • wh (before vowel letters except o) 
          • when, which, what, why
        • qu [kw] 
          • quick, quality
        • -gu- [gw] 
          • language, distinguish
        • 字母 w 在一些单词中不发音 
          • write, two, answer, sword
    • Vowels 元音
      • /i:/
        • ee
          • tree, cheese, green, sweet
        • ea
          • leave, reason, seat
        • e (in stressed open syllable)
          • be, these
        • ie (before a consonant)
          • piece, field, niece
        • ei, ey
          • seize, receive, key
      • /i/
        • i, y
          • sit, stick, begin, symbol, city
        • e
          • pretty needed, except, careless, houses
        • ai, ay, ey
          • mountain, portrait, valley, money
        • a (in unstressed syllables)
          • village, private
      • /e/
        • e (in stressed closed syllables) 
          • set, send
        • ea 
          • dead, bread, spread
          • many, any
      • /æ /
        • a (in stressed closed syllables) 
          • sat, hand, marry
        • ai 
          • plait, plaid
      • /ɑː/
        • a before lf, lv, lm 
          • half, calves, calm, palm
        • a before ff, ft, nc, ns, nt, sk, sp, ss, st and th
          • staff, after, dance, answer, cant, ask, grasp, grass,last, father
        • ar
          • car, march
        • ear
          • heart
        • au
          • aunt, laugh
      • /ɔ/
        • o
          • often, lost, cost, cloth, cross, off
        • a after w 
          • swamp, want, wander, watch (but before [g, k, ŋ] ais [æ ], wag, wax)
        • au 
          • because, cauliflower, sausage
        • ou, ow 
          • cough, knowledge
      • /ɔː/
        • al (before a consonant)
          • talk, walk, false
        • au, aw 
          • fault, cause, saw, lawn
        • ough, augh 
          • bought, fought, taught, daughter
        • or, ore (when final) 
          • corn, horse, more, shore, before
      • /u/
        • u
          • bush, push, full
        • oo
          • before [k] → book, took, look, cook, *
          • in single words → foot, good, hood, stood, wood
        • oul
          • could, should, would
        • o (sometimes)
          • woman, bosom, wolf
      • /u:/
        • oo 
          • cool, food, goose, loose, tooth
          • rule, rude, June
          • do, who, lose
        • ou
          • group, soup, wound
        • ew, ue, ui, oe 
          • chew, true, blue, juice, shoe
        • u in the ending –ude, -ute
          • institute, attitude
      • /ʌ/
          • hurry, punish
        • o (before m, n, v, th) 
          • front, wonder, company, love, glove, nothing, among
        • ou 
          • touch, young, couple, courage, southern
        • oo (sometimes) 
          • blood, flood
      • /ɜː/
        • er, ir and ur (when final orbefore a consonant) 
          • birth, girl, serve, term, nurse, turn, stir, prefer, occur
        • ear (before a consonant) 
          • earth, heard, learn, earnest
        • w + or (before a consonant) 
          • work, world, worst, worship
        • our (a few words) 
          • journey, journal
      • /ə/
        • a, ar 
          • about, China, forward, collar
        • e, er 
          • pavement, modern, better
          • horrible, possible
        • o, or, oar, ou, -our 
          • method, Europe, effort, doctor, famous, cupboard, colour
        • u, -ure 
          • column, support, figure, nature
        • -re 
          • centre, metre
      • /eɪ/
          • late, make, waste
        • ai, ay 
          • rain, waist, day, may
        • ea, ey, eigh 
          • great, break, they, grey, eight, neighbor
      • /aɪ/
        • i, y 
          • time, write, child, wild, kind, behind, cry, try. type
        • igh
          • high, light, fight
        • ie, ye 
          • die, tie, lie, dye, goodbye
        • ei 
          • either, neither
      • /ɔɪ/
        • oi, oy
          • boy, toy, noise, voice, boil, point
      • /əʊ/ 
        • o
          • go, note, both
        • o before the endings -ll, -ld,-lt, -lk and -st
          • roll, stroll, old, cold, colt, folk, most, host (but lost, cost and frosthave [ɔ])
        • oa, oe 
          • road, toast, soap, coat, hoe, toe (but shoe, canoe have [u:])
        • ou, ow (esp. before l orfinally) 
          • bowl, soul, mould, shoulder, grow, slow, crow, show
      • /aʊ/ 
        • ou, ow
          • loud, house, fountain, town
      • /ɪə/ 
        • eer, ear, ere 
          • deer, peer, volunteer, dear, tear, here, mere, severe
        • ier
          • fierce, pierce
      • /eə/
        • are
          • care, dare, square, declare
        • air 
          • fair, hair, pair, affair
        • ear
          • bear, pear, wear
        • ere 
          • there, where (but final -ere is normally [ɪə] here, severe)
      • / ʊə/
        • oor
          • poor, moor
        • ure
          • sure, pure
        • ur (before a vowel)
          • curious, insurance, durable, rural
        • our (French origin)
          • tour, gourd