WLAN-AC+AP射频一劳永逸的调优方式

时间:2024-01-28 15:01:12

AP射频调优组网图

    

射频调优简介

  • 射频调优的主要功能就是动态调整AP的信道和功率,可以使同一AC管理的各AP的信道和功率保持相对平衡,保证AP工作在最佳状态。WLAN网络中,AP的工作状态会受到周围环境的影响。例如,一个AC管理下的多个AP,如果相邻AP的工作信道存在重叠频段,或者某个AP的功率过大会对相邻AP造成信号干扰,此时就可以在AC上配置射频调优功能。

  射频调优常见的场景:

  • 用户新开局时,可使用射频调优功能自动选择最佳信道。
  • 有新AP加入网络,或者网络环境变化,用户可定时调整AP的信道和功率,保证AP工作在最佳状态。

组网需求

  • 如图1所示,在办公楼部署多个AP,AP通过接入交换机Switch_A和AC相连,用来为用户提供无线业务。
  • 由于AP数量较多,逐一手工配置信道等射频参数将会非常繁琐,客户IT部门希望AC能够根据无线网络环境,自动为AP分配信道,提高网络部署的便捷性。

配置思路

采用如下的思路配置射频调优:

  • 1.配置AP、AC和上层网络设备之间实现网络互通。
  • 2.配置AC作为DHCP服务器为STA和AP分配IP地址。
  • 3.配置VLAN pool,用于作为业务VLAN。
  • 4.配置AP上线。
    • a.创建AP组,用于将需要进行相同配置的AP都加入到AP组,实现统一配置。
    • b.配置AC的系统参数,包括国家码、AC与AP之间通信的源接口。
    • c.配置AP上线的认证方式并离线导入AP,实现AP正常上线。
  • 5.配置WLAN业务参数,实现STA访问WLAN网络功能。
  • 6.配置射频调优功能,通过AC自动为AP分配最佳工作信道。

操作步骤

  • 1.在AC上配置NAC模式为统一模式(缺省值,不需配置)。配置SwitchA和AC,使AP与AC之间能够传输CAPWAP报文。

  # 配置SwitchA,将接口GE0/0/1、GE0/0/2和GE0/0/3加入VLAN100(管理VLAN)。

<HUAWEI> system-view
[HUAWEI] sysname SwitchA
[SwitchA] vlan batch 100
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk pvid vlan 100
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] stp edged-port enable
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port-isolate enable
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/2
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk pvid vlan 100
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] stp edged-port enable
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port-isolate enable
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/3
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port link-type trunk
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port trunk pvid vlan 100
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] stp edged-port enable
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] port-isolate enable
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] quit

   # 配置SwitchA连接AC的接口GE0/0/4加入VLAN100。

[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/4
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] port link-type trunk
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/4] quit

   # 配置AC连接SwitchA的接口GE1/0/1加入VLAN100。

[HUAWEI] sysname AC
[AC] vlan batch 100 101
[AC] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
[AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk
[AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 100
[AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
[AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
  •  2.配置AC与上层网络设备互通

  # 配置AC上行接口GE1/0/2加入VLAN101(业务VLAN)。

[AC] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2
[AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type trunk
[AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 101
[AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 1
[AC-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit
  •  3.配置AC作为DHCP服务器,为STA和AP分配IP地址

  # 配置基于接口地址池的DHCP服务器,其中,VLANIF100接口为AP提供IP地址,VLANIF101为STA提供IP地址。

说明:
DNS服务器地址请根据实际需要配置。常用配置方法如下:
•接口地址池场景,需要在VLANIF接口视图下执行命令dhcp server dns-list ip-address IP。
•全局地址池场景,需要在IP地址池视图下执行命令dns-list ip-address IP。

[AC] dhcp enable  //使能DHCP功能
[AC] interface vlanif 100
[AC-Vlanif100] ip address 10.23.100.1 24
[AC-Vlanif100] dhcp select interface  //配置基于接口的地址池
[AC-Vlanif100] quit
[AC] interface vlanif 101
[AC-Vlanif101] ip address 10.23.101.1 24
[AC-Vlanif101] dhcp select interface
[AC-Vlanif101] quit
  •  4.配置AP上线

  # 创建AP组,用于将相同配置的AP都加入同一AP组中。

[AC] wlan
[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1
[AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit

   # 创建域管理模板,在域管理模板下配置AC的国家码并在AP组下引用域管理模板。

[AC-wlan-view] regulatory-domain-profile name domain1
[AC-wlan-regulate-domain-domain1] country-code cn
[AC-wlan-regulate-domain-domain1] quit
[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1
[AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] regulatory-domain-profile domain1
Warning: Modifying the country code will clear channel, power and antenna gain configurations of the radio and reset the AP. Continu
e?[Y/N]:y 
[AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
[AC-wlan-view] quit

  # 配置AC的源接口。

[AC] capwap source interface vlanif 100

   # 在AC上离线导入AP,并将area_1和area_2加入AP组“ap-group1”中。假设AP的MAC地址为60de-4476-e360,并且根据AP的部署位置为AP配置名称,便于从名称上就能够了解AP的部署位置。例如MAC地址为  60de-4476-e360的AP部署在1号区域,命名此AP为area_1。

说明:
ap auth-mode命令缺省情况下为MAC认证,如果之前没有修改其缺省配置,可以不用执行ap auth-mode mac-auth。
举例中使用的AP为AP6010DN-AGN,具有射频0和射频1两个射频。AP6010DN-AGN的射频0为2.4GHz射频,射频1为5GHz射频。

[AC] wlan
[AC-wlan-view] ap auth-mode mac-auth
[AC-wlan-view] ap-id 0 ap-mac 60de-4476-e360
[AC-wlan-ap-0] ap-name area_1
[AC-wlan-ap-0] ap-group ap-group1
Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configuration
s of the radio, Whether to continue? [Y/N]:y 
[AC-wlan-ap-0] quit
[AC-wlan-view] ap-id 1 ap-mac dcd2-fc04-b500
[AC-wlan-ap-1] ap-name area_2
[AC-wlan-ap-1] ap-group ap-group1
Warning: This operation may cause AP reset. If the country code changes, it will clear channel, power and antenna gain configuration
s of the radio, Whether to continue? [Y/N]:y 
[AC-wlan-ap-1] quit

   # 将AP上电后,当执行命令display ap all查看到AP的“State”字段为“nor”时,表示AP正常上线。

[AC-wlan-view] display ap all
Total AP information:
nor  : normal          [2]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ID   MAC            Name   Group     IP             Type            State STA Uptime
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0    60de-4476-e360 area_1 ap-group1 10.23.101.253  AP6010DN-AGN    nor   0   5M:2S
1    dcd2-fc04-b500 area_2 ap-group1 10.23.101.254  AP6010DN-AGN    nor   0   5M:4S
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total: 2
  •  5.配置WLAN业务参数

  # 创建名为“wlan-security”的安全模板,并配置安全策略。

说明:
举例中以配置WPA2+PSK+AES的安全策略为例,密码为“a1234567”,实际配置中请根据实际情况,配置符合实际要求的安全策略。

[AC-wlan-view] security-profile name wlan-security
[AC-wlan-sec-prof-wlan-security] security wpa2 psk pass-phrase a1234567 aes  //配置安全策略为WPA2+PSK+AES
[AC-wlan-sec-prof-wlan-security] quit

   # 创建名为“wlan-ssid”的SSID模板,并配置SSID名称为“wlan-net”。

[AC-wlan-view] ssid-profile name wlan-ssid
[AC-wlan-ssid-prof-wlan-ssid] ssid wlan-net  //配置SSID名称为wlan-net
[AC-wlan-ssid-prof-wlan-ssid] quit

   # 创建名为“wlan-vap”的VAP模板,配置业务数据转发模式、业务VLAN,并且引用安全模板和SSID模板。

[AC-wlan-view] vap-profile name wlan-vap
[AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] forward-mode tunnel  //配置业务转发模式为隧道转发
[AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] service-vlan vlan-id 101  //缺省情况下VLAN ID为1,修改VLAN ID为101
[AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] security-profile wlan-security
[AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] ssid-profile wlan-ssid
[AC-wlan-vap-prof-wlan-vap] quit

   # 配置AP组引用VAP模板,AP上射频0和射频1都使用VAP模板“wlan-vap”的配置。

[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1
[AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] vap-profile wlan-vap wlan 1 radio 0
[AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] vap-profile wlan-vap wlan 1 radio 1
[AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit
  •  6.配置射频调优功能

  # 创建RRM模板“wlan-net”,在RRM模板下使能信道自动选择信道功能和发送功率自动选择信道功能。缺省情况下,信道自动选择信道功能和发送功率自动选择信道功能都已经使能。

[AC-wlan-view] rrm-profile name wlan-net
[AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] undo calibrate auto-channel-select disable 
[AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] undo calibrate auto-txpower-select disable
[AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] quit

   # 创建空口扫描模板“wlan-airscan”,并配置扫描信道集合、扫描间隔时间和扫描持续时间。缺省情况下,空口扫描信道集合为AP对应国家码支持的所有信道。

[AC-wlan-view] air-scan-profile name wlan-airscan
[AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] scan-channel-set country-channel
[AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] scan-period 80
[AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] scan-interval 80000
[AC-wlan-air-scan-prof-wlan-airscan] quit

   # 创建2G射频模板“radio2g”,并在该模板下引用RRM模板“wlan-net”和空口扫描模板“wlan-airscan”。

[AC-wlan-view] radio-2g-profile name radio2g 
[AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-radio2g] rrm-profile wlan-net
[AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-radio2g] air-scan-profile wlan-airscan
[AC-wlan-radio-2g-prof-radio2g] quit

   # 创建5G射频模板“radio5g”,并在该模板下引用RRM模板“wlan-net”和空口扫描模板“wlan-airscan”。

[AC-wlan-view] radio-5g-profile name radio5g 
[AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-radio5g] rrm-profile wlan-net
[AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-radio5g] air-scan-profile wlan-airscan
[AC-wlan-radio-5g-prof-radio5g] quit

   # 在名为“ap-group1”的AP组下引用5G射频模板“radio5g”和2G射频模板“radio2g”。

[AC-wlan-view] ap-group name ap-group1 
[AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] radio-5g-profile radio5g
[AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] radio-2g-profile radio2g
[AC-wlan-ap-group-ap-group1] quit

   # 配置射频调优的模式为定时模式,调优时间定在凌晨3点。

[AC-wlan-view] calibrate enable schedule time 03:00:00
  •  7.提交配置
[AC-wlan-view] commit all
Warning: Committing configuration may cause service interruption, continue?[Y/N]:y

V200R011C10版本开始,WLAN配置会自动下发,不需要再执行命令commit all提交配置。 

  • 8.验证配置结果

  # STA搜索到名为“wlan-net”的无线网络,输入密码“a1234567”并正常关联后,在AC上执行命令display station ssid wlan-net,可以查看到用户已经接入到无线网络“wlan-net”中。

[AC-wlan-view] display station ssid wlan-net
Rf/WLAN: Radio ID/WLAN ID                                                     
Rx/Tx: link receive rate/link transmit rate(Mbps)                             
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
STA MAC          AP ID Ap name  Rf/WLAN  Band  Type  Rx/Tx      RSSI  VLAN  IP address     
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
e019-1dc7-1e08   0     area_1   0/1      2.4G  11n   65/38      -29   101   10.23.101.253
b878-2eb4-2689   1     area_2   0/1      2.4G  11n   78/43      -33   101   10.23.101.254
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total: 2 2.4G: 2 5G: 0

   # 在AC上执行display radio all命令,查看射频调优效果。

[AC-wlan-view] display radio all
CH/BW:Channel/Bandwidth
CE:Current EIRP (dBm)
ME:Max EIRP (dBm)
CU:Channel utilization
ST:Status
----------------------------------------------------------------------
AP ID Name    RfID  Band  Type    ST      CH/BW    CE/ME   STA      CU
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1     area_2  0     2.4G  bgn     on      1/20M    28/28   1        10%
1     area_2  1     5G    an      on      149/20M  29/29   0        15%
0     area_1  0     2.4G  bgn     on      6/20M    28/28   1        15%
0     area_1  1     5G    an      on      153/20M  29/29   0        49%
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Total:4

   # 待执行手动调优半小时后,调优结束。以下配置步骤在配置文件中不体现。此时用户可以选以下两种方案:

  (推荐)将射频调优模式改为定时调优,并将调优时间定为用户业务空闲时段(如当地时间凌晨00:00-06:00时段)。

[AC-wlan-view] calibrate enable schedule time 03:00:00
[AC-wlan-view] commit all
Warning: Committing configuration may cause service interruption, continue?[Y/N]:y

   手动固定信道:将RRM模板下的信道自动选择信道功能和发送功率自动选择信道功能关闭。等待有新AP加入,用户可再次手动触发射频调优。

[AC-wlan-view] rrm-profile name wlan-net
[AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] calibrate auto-channel-select disable 
[AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] calibrate auto-txpower-select disable
[AC-wlan-rrm-prof-wlan-net] quit
[AC-wlan-view] calibrate enable manual
[AC-wlan-view] calibrate manual startup
[AC-wlan-view] commit all
Warning: Committing configuration may cause service interruption, continue?[Y/N]:y