RabbitMQ之生产者可靠性-2.生产者确认

时间:2024-01-23 06:58:09

RabbitMQ提供了Publisher Confirm和Publisher Return两种确认机制。开启确认机制后,在RabbitMQ成功收到消息后会返回确认消息给生产者

(1)RabbitMQ返回的结果情况

  • 消息投递到了RabbitMQ,但是路由失败。此时会通过Publisher Return返回路由异常原因,然后返回ACK,告知投递成功(造成原因:代码有问题或者交换机的配置有问题)
  • 临时消息(非持久化)投递到了RabbitMQ,并且成功入队,返回ACK,告知投递成功
  • 持久消息投递到了RabbitMQ,并且入队完成持久化,返回ACK,告知投递成功
  • 其他情况都会返回NACK,告知投递失败

(2)生产者确认代码实现

添加配置文件信息

# Spring配置信息
spring:
  # Rabbitmq配置
  rabbitmq:
    # 开启publisher confirm机制 none:关闭publisher confirm机制 simple:同步阻塞等待MQ的回执消息 correlated:MQ异步回调方式返回回执消息
    publisher-confirm-type: correlated
    # 开启publisher return机制
    publisher-returns: true

编写Publisher Return回调函数(注:每个RabbitTemplate只能配置一个ReturnCallback)

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class CommonConfig implements ApplicationContextAware {
    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        //获取RabbitTemplate
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = applicationContext.getBean(RabbitTemplate.class);
        //设置ReturnCallback
        rabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback((message, replyCode, replyText, exchange, routingKey) -> {
            log.info("消息返回:{},{},{},{},{}",
                    message, replyCode, replyText, exchange, routingKey);
        });
    }
}

编写ConfirmCallback(注:在每一个消息发送时候单独指定)

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.concurrent.ListenableFutureCallback;
@Slf4j
@Component
public class Producer {
    @Autowired
    RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    public void sendMessage(Object message){
        // 1.创建CorrelationData对象
        CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(randomUUID().toString());
        // 2.给Future添加ConfirmCallback
        correlationData.getFuture().addCallback(new ListenableFutureCallback<CorrelationData.Confirm>() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Throwable ex) {
                // Future发生异常时的处理逻辑,基本不会触发
                log.error("handle message ack fail",ex);
            }

            @Override
            public void onSuccess(CorrelationData.Confirm result) {
                // Future接收到回执的处理逻辑,参数中的result就是回执内容
                if(result.isAck()){ // result.isAck(),boolean类型,true代表收到ack,false代表收到nack
                    log.debug("发送消息成功,收到 ack!");
                }else{// result.getReason(),String类型,返回nack时的异常原因
                    log.error("发送消息失败,收到 nack,reason : {}" , result.getReason());
                }
            }
        });
        // 发送消息
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("交换机名称", "routingKey值", message,correlationData);
    }

}