Python之自动获取公网IP的实例讲解

时间:2022-02-17 10:30:05

0.预备知识

0.1 SQL基础

ubuntu、Debian系列安装:

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root@raspberrypi:~/python-script# apt-get install mysql-server

Redhat、Centos 系列安装:

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[root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql-server

登录数据库

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pi@raspberrypi:~ $ mysql -uroot -p -hlocalhost
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 36
Server version: 10.0.30-MariaDB-0+deb8u2 (Raspbian)
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
MariaDB [(none)]>

其中,mysql是客户端命令 -u是指定用户 -p是密码 -h是主机

创建数据库、创建数据表

创建数据库语法如下

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MariaDB [(none)]> help create database
Name: 'CREATE DATABASE'
Description:
Syntax:
CREATE {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name
 [create_specification] ...
 
create_specification:
 [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name
 | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name
 
CREATE DATABASE creates a database with the given name. To use this
statement, you need the CREATE privilege for the database. CREATE
SCHEMA is a synonym for CREATE DATABASE.
 
URL: https://mariadb.com/kb/en/create-database/
 
 
MariaDB [(none)]>

创建数据表语法如下

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MariaDB [(none)]> help create table
Name: 'CREATE TABLE'
Description:
Syntax:
CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
 (create_definition,...)
 [table_options]
 [partition_options]
 
Or:
 
CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
 [(create_definition,...)]
 [table_options]
 [partition_options]
 select_statement

创建数据库ServiceLogs

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MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE `ServiceLogs`

创建数据表

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MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE TABLE `python_ip_logs` (
 `serial_number` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
 `old_data` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
 `new_data` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (`serial_number`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1

表内容的查询

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MariaDB [ServiceLogs]> select * from python_ip_logs;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

0.2 python连接操作MySQL

模块下载安装

下载路径: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/MySQL-python

安装:

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安装:
解压
unzip MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip
进入解压后目录
cd MySQL-python-1.2.5/
安装依赖
apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
安装
python setup.py install
如果为0则安装OK
echo $?

连接Mysql

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root@raspberrypi:~/python-script# cat p_mysql_3.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
 
import MySQLdb
 
try :
  conn = MySQLdb.connect("主机","用户名","密码","ServiceLogs")
  print ("Connect Mysql successful")
except:
  print ("Connect MySQL Fail")
root@raspberrypi:~/python-script#

如果输出Connect Mysql successful则说明连接OK

Python MySQL insert语句

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root@raspberrypi:~/python-script# cat p_mysql1.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
 
import MySQLdb
 
db = MySQLdb.connect("localhost","root","root","ServiceLogs")
 
cursor = db.cursor()
 
sql = "insert INTO python_ip_logs VALUES (DEFAULT,'2017-09-29 22:46:00','123','456')"
 
cursor.execute(sql)
db.commit()
 
db.close()
root@raspberrypi:~/python-script#

执行完成后可以mysql客户端SELECT语句查看结果

1.需求

1.1 需求

由于宽带每次重启都会重新获得一个新的IP,那么在这种状态下,在进行ssh连接的时候会出现诸多的不便,好在之前还有花生壳软件,它能够通过域名来找到你的IP地址,进行访问,这样是最好的,不过最近花生壳也要进行实名认证才能够使用,于是乎,这就催发了我写一个python脚本来获取公网IP的冲动。

实现效果:当IP变更时,能够通过邮件进行通知,且在数据库中写入数据

1.2 大致思路

Python之自动获取公网IP的实例讲解

1.3 流程图

Python之自动获取公网IP的实例讲解

Python之自动获取公网IP的实例讲解

其他代码均没有什么好画的

2.代码编写

2.1.1 编写python代码

getnetworkip.py

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root@raspberrypi:~/python-script# cat getnetworkip.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding:UTF-8
 
import requests
import send_mail
import savedb
 
def get_out_ip() :
  url = r'http://www.trackip.net/'
  r = requests.get(url)
  txt = r.text
  ip = txt[txt.find('title')+6:txt.find('/title')-1]
  return (ip)
 
def main() :
  try:
    savedb.general_files()
 
    tip = get_out_ip()
    cip = savedb.read_files()
 
 
    if savedb.write_files(cip,tip) :
      send_mail.SamMail(get_out_ip())
  except :
    return False
 
if __name__=="__main__" :
  main()
root@raspberrypi:~/python-script#

savedb.py

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root@raspberrypi:~/python-script# cat savedb.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
 
import MySQLdb
import os
import time
 
dirname = "logs"
filename = "logs/.ip_tmp"
 
def general_files(Default_String="Null") :
 
  var1 = Default_String
 
  if not os.path.exists(dirname) :
    os.makedirs(dirname)
 
  if not os.path.exists(filename) :
    f = open(filename,'w')
    f.write(var1)
    f.close()
 
def read_files() :
  f = open(filename,'r')
  txt = f.readline()
  return (txt)
 
def write_files(txt,new_ip) :
  if not txt == new_ip :
    NowTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())
    old_ip = read_files()
    os.remove(filename)
    general_files(new_ip)
    write_db(NowTime,old_ip,new_ip)
    return True
  else:
    return False
 
 
def write_db(NowTime,Old_ip,New_ip) :
  db = MySQLdb.connect("主机","用户名","密码","库名")
 
  cursor = db.cursor()
 
  sql = """
    INSERT INTO python_ip_logs
    VALUES
    (DEFAULT,"%s","%s","%s")
  """ %(NowTime,Old_ip,New_ip)
 
  try:
    cursor.execute(sql)
    db.commit()
  except:
    db.rollback()
 
  db.close()
root@raspberrypi:~/python-script#

send_mail.py

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root@raspberrypi:~/python-script# cat send_mail.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
 
import smtplib
import email.mime.text
 
def SamMail(HtmlString) :
 HOST = "smtp.163.com"
 SUBJECT = "主题"
 TO = "对方的邮箱地址"
 FROM = "来自于哪里"
 Remask = "The IP address has been changed"
 
 msg = email.mime.text.MIMEText("""
  <html>
    <head>
      <meta charset="utf-8" />
    </head>
    <body>
      <em><h1>ip:%s</h1></em>
    </body>
  </html>
  """ %(HtmlString),"html","utf-8")
 
 msg['Subject'] = SUBJECT
 msg['From'] = FROM
 msg['TO'] = TO
 
 try:
  server = smtplib.SMTP()
  server.connect(HOST,'25')
  server.starttls()
  server.login("用户名","密码")
  server.sendmail(FROM,TO,msg.as_string())
  server.quit()
 except:
  print ("Send mail Error")
root@raspberrypi:~/python-script#
 print ("%s" %(line),end='')

3.效果

收到的邮件如下:

Python之自动获取公网IP的实例讲解

利用SELECT查看表,效果如下:

Python之自动获取公网IP的实例讲解

把脚本放入crontab中,让它执行定时任务即可

以上这篇Python之自动获取公网IP的实例讲解就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。

原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/wang-li/archive/2017/09/30/7615118.html