使用Netty编程时,我们经常会从用户线程,而不是Netty线程池发起write操作,因为我们不能在netty的事件回调中做大量耗时操作。那么问题来了 –
1, writeAndFlush是线程安全的吗?
2, 是否使用了锁,导致并发性能下降呢
我们来看代码 – 在DefaultChannelHandlerContext中
@Override
public ChannelFuture writeAndFlush(Object msg, ChannelPromise promise) {
DefaultChannelHandlerContext next;
next = findContextOutbound(MASK_WRITE);
ReferenceCountUtil.touch(msg, next);
next.invoker.invokeWrite(next, msg, promise);
next = findContextOutbound(MASK_FLUSH);
next.invoker.invokeFlush(next);
return promise;
}
在DefaultChannelHandlerInvoker.java中
@Override
public void invokeWrite(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg, ChannelPromise promise) {
if (msg == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("msg");
}
if (!validatePromise(ctx, promise, true)) {
// promise cancelled
ReferenceCountUtil.release(msg);
return;
} if (executor.inEventLoop()) {
invokeWriteNow(ctx, msg, promise);
} else {
AbstractChannel channel = (AbstractChannel) ctx.channel();
int size = channel.estimatorHandle().size(msg);
if (size > 0) {
ChannelOutboundBuffer buffer = channel.unsafe().outboundBuffer();
// Check for null as it may be set to null if the channel is closed already
if (buffer != null) {
buffer.incrementPendingOutboundBytes(size);
}
}
safeExecuteOutbound(WriteTask.newInstance(ctx, msg, size, promise), promise, msg);
}
}
private void safeExecuteOutbound(Runnable task, ChannelPromise promise, Object msg) {
try {
executor.execute(task);
} catch (Throwable cause) {
try {
promise.setFailure(cause);
} finally {
ReferenceCountUtil.release(msg);
}
}
}
可见,writeAndFlush如果在Netty线程池内执行,则是直接write;否则,将作为一个task插入到Netty线程池执行。
《Netty权威指南》写到
通过调用NioEventLoop的execute(Runnable task)方法实现,Netty有很多系统Task,创建他们的主要原因是:当I/O线程和用户线程同时操作网络资源时,为了防止并发操作导致的锁竞争,将用户线程的操作封装成Task放入消息队列中,由I/O线程负责执行,这样就实现了局部无锁化。
参考
http://www.cnblogs.com/zemliu/p/3667332.html
http://netty.io/5.0/xref/io/netty/channel/DefaultChannelHandlerInvoker.html
http://www.infoq.com/cn/articles/netty-version-upgrade-history-thread-part/