在看UNIX环境高级编程是,碰到一个头文件"apue.h",搜一下别人的帖子,其实apue.h是作者自己写的一个文件,包含了常用的头文件,系统不自带。其中包含了常用的头文件,以及出错处理函数的定义。使用起来确实很方便。
apue.h内容如下:
- #ifndef _APUE_H
- #define _APUE_H
- #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600 /* Single UNIX Specification, Version 3 */
- #include <sys/types.h> /* some systems still require this */
- #include <sys/stat.h>
- #include <sys/termios.h> /* for winsize */
- #ifndef TIOCGWINSZ
- #include <sys/ioctl.h>
- #endif
- #include <stdio.h> /* for convenience */
- #include <stdlib.h> /* for convenience */
- #include <stddef.h> /* for offsetof */
- #include <string.h> /* for convenience */
- #include <unistd.h> /* for convenience */
- #include <signal.h> /* for SIG_ERR */
- #define MAXLINE 4096 /* max line length */
- /*
- * Default file access permissions for new files.
- */
- #define FILE_MODE (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH)
- /*
- * Default permissions for new directories.
- */
- #define DIR_MODE (FILE_MODE | S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)
- typedef void Sigfunc(int); /* for signal handlers */
- #if defined(SIG_IGN) && !defined(SIG_ERR)
- #define SIG_ERR ((Sigfunc *)-1)
- #endif
- #define min(a,b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
- #define max(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
- /*
- * Prototypes for our own functions.
- */
- char *path_alloc(int *); /* Figure 2.15 */
- long open_max(void); /* Figure 2.16 */
- void clr_fl(int, int); /* Figure 3.11 */
- void set_fl(int, int); /* Figure 3.11 */
- void pr_exit(int); /* Figure 8.5 */
- void pr_mask(const char *); /* Figure 10.14 */
- Sigfunc *signal_intr(int, Sigfunc *); /* Figure 10.19 */
- int tty_cbreak(int); /* Figure 18.20 */
- int tty_raw(int); /* Figure 18.20 */
- int tty_reset(int); /* Figure 18.20 */
- void tty_atexit(void); /* Figure 18.20 */
- #ifdef ECHO /* only if <termios.h> has been included */
- struct termios *tty_termios(void); /* Figure 18.20 */
- #endif
- void sleep_us(unsigned int); /* Exercise 14.6 */
- ssize_t readn(int, void *, size_t); /* Figure 14.29 */
- ssize_t writen(int, const void *, size_t); /* Figure 14.29 */
- void daemonize(const char *); /* Figure 13.1 */
- int s_pipe(int *); /* Figures 17.6 and 17.13 */
- int recv_fd(int, ssize_t (*func)(int,
- const void *, size_t));/* Figures 17.21 and 17.23 */
- int send_fd(int, int); /* Figures 17.20 and 17.22 */
- int send_err(int, int,
- const char *); /* Figure 17.19 */
- int serv_listen(const char *); /* Figures 17.10 and 17.15 */
- int serv_accept(int, uid_t *); /* Figures 17.11 and 17.16 */
- int cli_conn(const char *); /* Figures 17.12 and 17.17 */
- int buf_args(char *, int (*func)(int,
- char **)); /* Figure 17.32 */
- int ptym_open(char *, int); /* Figures 19.8, 19.9, and 19.10 */
- int ptys_open(char *); /* Figures 19.8, 19.9, and 19.10 */
- #ifdef TIOCGWINSZ
- pid_t pty_fork(int *, char *, int, const struct termios *,
- const struct winsize *); /* Figure 19.11 */
- #endif
- int lock_reg(int, int, int, off_t, int, off_t); /* Figure 14.5 */
- #define read_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
- lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
- #define readw_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
- lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
- #define write_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
- lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
- #define writew_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
- lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
- #define un_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
- lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_UNLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
- pid_t lock_test(int, int, off_t, int, off_t); /* Figure 14.6 */
- #define is_read_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \
- (lock_test((fd), F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)
- #define is_write_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \
- (lock_test((fd), F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)
- void err_dump(const char *, ...); /* Appendix B */
- void err_msg(const char *, ...);
- void err_quit(const char *, ...);
- void err_exit(int, const char *, ...);
- void err_ret(const char *, ...);
- void err_sys(const char *, ...);
- void log_msg(const char *, ...); /* Appendix B */
- void log_open(const char *, int, int);
- void log_quit(const char *, ...);
- void log_ret(const char *, ...);
- void log_sys(const char *, ...);
- void TELL_WAIT(void); /* parent/child from Section 8.9 */
- void TELL_PARENT(pid_t);
- void TELL_CHILD(pid_t);
- void WAIT_PARENT(void);
- void WAIT_CHILD(void);
- #endif /* _APUE_H */
想要使用,还要进行下面操作,完成相关配置.
在http://www.apuebook.com/下载src.tar.gz源代码的压缩包。
1、解压至/home/user/目录下
2、修改 Make.defines.linux中的WKDIR=/home/xxx/apue.2e,为WKDIR=/home/user/apue.2e
3、返回至apue.2e目录下面,修改linux.mk,将里面的nawk全部改为awk,可以使用这个命令 :%s/nawk/awk/g
4、make
5、将/home/user/apue.2e/include/apue.h和/home/user/apue.2e/lib/error.c复制到/usr/include目录下
然后就可以方便的使用apue.h编译《unix高级环境编程》的的程序了