备注:RMAN备份(仅支持基于spfile的备份,不支持基于init.ora配置的备份)
练习:开启ARCHIVELOG模式
1\为归档的重做日志被指FRA和单独的归档日志目标
SQL>show parameter db_recovery_file_dest;
SQL>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G; SQL>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area';
2\现在,定义两个归档日志目标目录,一个是FRA。设置数据库文件并设置LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1参数,让它指向预先定义的文件系统,该文件系统将是第一个归档日志目录,由于要配置LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1参数使用1=RA,因此需要使用参数USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST参数来设置LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10参数以指向FRA.
使用show parameter命令来验证设置是否正确
SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/backup/archive/ORCL';
SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_10='location=USE_DB_RECOVER_FILE_DEST';
SQL>show parameter log_archive_dest;
SQL>show parameter recover;
SQL>archive log list ; 3\关闭数据库
SQL>shutdown immediate;
4\加载数据库
SQL>startup mount;
5\将数据库置入ARCHIVELOG模式
SQL>alter database archivelog;
查看归档模式
SQL>archive log list;
查看归档模式是否开启
SQL>select log_mode from v$database;
6\打开数据库
SQL>alter database open;
练习:关闭归档模式
SQL>shutdown immediate;
SQL>startup mount;
SQL>alter database noarchivelog;
SQL>alter database open
练习:执行一个联机备份操作
1\启动RMAN
[:~]$ rman target=backup_admin/111111
2\启动备份操作
RMAN>backup database plus archivelog;
2\备份后删除归档日志
RMAN>backup database plus archivelog delete input;
2\备份,设置每个备份集里只有一个备份文件
RMAN>backup filesperset = 1 database plus archivelog delete input; 执行时报错'ORA-19809: limit exceeded for recovery files '
解决方式增大闪回区大小:
SQL>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=10G; 配置归档日志的默认位置
configure channel 1 device type disk format '/backup/archive/ORCL/backup_%U'
配置备份有两个副本
configure datafile backup copies for device type disk to 2;
自动备份控制文件
configure controlfile autobackup on;
清除默认信道1的设置
configure channel 1 device type disk clear
设置控制文件备份格式
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/backup/archive/ORCL/CONTROLFILE.ORCL.%F';
检查归档日志
crosscheck archivelog all;
删除过期归档日志
delete expired archivelog all;
delete archivelog all completed before 'sysdate-1';
delete archivelog all completed before 'sysdate'; run{
configure controlfile autobackup on;
set controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to 'CONTROLFILE.ORCL.%F';
backup filesperset = 1 database plus archivelog delete input;
}
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