MySQL5.7单实例二进制包安装方法

时间:2022-06-01 16:54:04

MySQL5.7单实例二进制包安装方法

一、环境

OS: CentOS release 6.9 (Final)
MySQL: mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

说明:类似的操作系统也可以的。为了方便起见,涉及到的操作,均可以直接粘贴复制,比较直观快捷的实施,我没有将带有命令行的截图或者文字粘贴出来。

可能会与路径有关,本文档是基于实践而记录下的,可能与你的环境有所不同,请遇到问题,具体分析查找资料。

二、准备工作

2.1、修改主机名称

hostname myserver
sed -i 's/shell/myserver/' /etc/sysconfig/network

2.2、关闭selinux

sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce
0

2.3、修改系统内核参数

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF
fs.
file-max=655360
fs.aio
-max-nr = 1048576
kernel.sem
= 5050 646400 5050 128
kernel.shmmax
= 137438953472
kernel.shmall
= 4294967296
kernel.shmmni
= 4096
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range
= 9000 65500
net.ipv4.tcp_mem
= 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.core.wmem_default
= 8388608
net.core.rmem_default
= 8388608
net.core.rmem_max
= 16777216
net.core.wmem_max
= 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem
= 4096 87380 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem
= 4096 65536 16777216
net.core.netdev_max_backlog
= 32768
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle
= 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse
= 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout
= 10
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time
= 300
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog
= 32768
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies
= 1
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps
= 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route
= 0
vm.swappiness
=1
EOF

# 使其生效
sysctl
-p

2.4、安装依赖包

# 需要配置yum

yum clean all
yum -y update
yum -y install gd libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel net-snmp-devel wget telnet vim zip unzip
yum -y install curl-devel libxslt-devel pcre-devel libjpeg libpng libcurl4-openssl-dev
yum -y install libcurl-devel libcurl freetype-config freetype freetype-devel unixODBC libxslt
yum -y install libtool openssl-devel
yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed
yum -y install ncurses-devel.x86_64 openldap-devel.x86_64 lrzsz openssh-clients gcc-g77 bison
yum -y install libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel mhash mhash-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel
yum -y install ntpdate rsync svn patch iptables iptables-services
yum -y install libevent libevent-devel cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-devel
yum -y install gd-devel libmemcached-devel memcached git libssl-devel libyaml-devel auto
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf automake ncurses-devel ncurses cmake libaio libaio-devel boost
yum -y install perl-DBI perl-DBD-MySQL perl-Time-HiRes perl-IO-Socket-SSL perl perl-devel
yum -y groupinstall "Server Platform Development" "Development tools"
yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"

2.5、基本初始化

mkdir -p /opt/mysql
cd
/opt/mysql/
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
cd
/usr/local/
ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

2.6、创建所需要的目录

mkdir -p /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/{data,logs,tmp}
mkdir -p /data/backup/

# 更改权限
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql -d /home/mysql -s /sbin/nologin

2.7、创建配置文件

# 排除干扰因素

if [ -f /etc/my.cnf ]; then
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
fi

cat >/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf <<EOF
# my_3306.cnf
[client]
port
= 3306
socket
= /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock

[mysql]
#prompt
="\u@\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>"
#
tee=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/query.log
#prompt
="\u@\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>"
prompt
= "[\u@\h][\d]>\_"
connect_timeout
= 5
no
-auto-rehash

[mysqld]
#misc
user
= mysql
basedir
= /usr/local/mysql
datadir
= /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data
port
= 3306
socket
= /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock

#timeout
interactive_timeout
= 300
wait_timeout
= 300

#character set
character
-set-server = utf8

open_files_limit
= 65535
max_connections
= 100
max_connect_errors
= 100000

skip
-name-resolve = 1
disable
-partition-engine-check=1
#logs
log
-output=file
slow_query_log
= 1
slow_query_log_file
= /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql_3306_slow.log
log
-error = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql_3306_error.log
log_error_verbosity
= 3
pid
-file = mysql_3306.pid
long_query_time
= 1
#log
-slow-admin-statements = 1
#log
-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
log
-slow-slave-statements = 1

#tmp
tmpdir
=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp
event_scheduler
= 1
performance_schema
= on
max_allowed_packet
= 32M
character_set_server
= utf8mb4
#character_set_server
= utf8
default
-time-zone = system
default
-storage-engine = InnoDB
#bind_address
= 172.16.151.248
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
= 1


#binlog
binlog_format
= row
server
-id = 1813306
log
-bin = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql-bin
log
-bin-index = /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mysql-bin.index
binlog_cache_size
= 4M
max_binlog_size
= 1G
max_binlog_cache_size
= 2G
sync_binlog
= 1
expire_logs_days
= 90
#replicate
-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
replicate
-wild-ignore-table=test.%
replicate
-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%

#relay log
skip_slave_start
= 1
max_relay_log_size
= 1G
relay_log_purge
= 1
relay_log_recovery
= 1
log_slave_updates
#slave
-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
=1
#buffers
& cache
table_open_cache
= 2048
table_definition_cache
= 2048
table_open_cache
= 2048
max_heap_table_size
= 96M
sort_buffer_size
= 2M
join_buffer_size
= 2M
thread_cache_size
= 256
query_cache_size
= 0
query_cache_type
= 0
query_cache_limit
= 256K
query_cache_min_res_unit
= 512
thread_stack
= 192K
tmp_table_size
= 96M
key_buffer_size
= 8M
read_buffer_size
= 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size
= 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size
= 32M

#myisam
myisam_sort_buffer_size
= 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size
= 10G
myisam_repair_threads
= 1

#innodb
innodb_buffer_pool_size
= 10G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances
= 1
innodb_data_file_path
= ibdata1:1G:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit
= 1
innodb_log_buffer_size
= 64M
innodb_log_file_size
= 500M
innodb_log_files_in_group
= 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct
= 50
innodb_file_per_table
= 1
innodb_rollback_on_timeout
innodb_status_file
= 1
innodb_io_capacity
= 2000
transaction_isolation
= READ-COMMITTED
innodb_flush_method
= O_DIRECT
gtid_mode
= ON
enforce_gtid_consistency
= ON
master_info_repository
= TABLE
relay
-log-info-repository = TABLE
binlog_checksum
= NONE
log_slave_updates
= ON
binlog_row_image
=FULL

# Two
-Master configure
#server
-1
#auto
-increment-offset = 1
#auto
-increment-increment = 2

#server
-2
#auto
-increment-offset = 2
#auto
-increment-increment = 2

# semi
sync replication settings #
#plugin_dir
= /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/plugin
#plugin_load
= "validate_password.so;rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
plugin_dir
= /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin #官方版本的路径
plugin_load
= "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" #官方版本的路径


loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled
= on
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout
= 5000
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level
= 32
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave
= on
loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled
= on
loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level
= 32
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled
= 1
loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled
= 1
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout
= 5000
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count
=1
loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point
=AFTER_SYNC

slave_preserve_commit_order
= 1
slave_transaction_retries
= 128
log_timestamps
= system
show_compatibility_56
= on
slave_parallel_workers
= 16
slave_parallel_type
= LOGICAL_CLOCK

loose_innodb_numa_interleave
= 1
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct
= 40
innodb_page_cleaners
= 16
innodb_undo_log_truncate
= 1
innodb_max_undo_log_size
= 2G
innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency
= 128
#transaction_write_set_extraction
= MURMUR32
# READ
-UNCOMMITTED, READ-COMMITTED, REPEATABLE-READ, SERIALIZABLE ##
transaction_isolation
= READ-COMMITTED
sql_mode
= "STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY"


# group replication
##log
-bin = mysql
##server
-id = 613306
##gtid_mode
= ON
##enforce_gtid_consistency
= ON
##master_info_repository
= TABLE
##relay
-log-info-repository = TABLE
##binlog_checksum
= NONE
##log_slave_updates
= ON
##binlog_format
= row
##transaction_write_set_extraction
=XXHASH64
##loose
-group_replication_group_name = '3db33b36-0e51-409f-a61d-c99756e90154'
##loose
-group_replication_start_on_boot = off
##loose
-group_replication_local_address= "10.125.141.62:23306" # 不能超过5位数字
##loose
-group_replication_group_seeds= "10.125.141.62:23306,10.125.141.62:23307,10.125.141.62:23308" # 不能超过5位数字
##loose
-group_replication_bootstrap_group= off
# loose
-group_replication_single_primary_mode=FALSE ###本次搭建的是mutil_mode
# loose
-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks= TRUE

[mysqld_safe]
#malloc
-lib=/usr/local/mysql/lib/jmalloc.so
nice=-19
open
-files-limit=65535
EOF

2.8、初始化数据库

chown -R mysql.mysql /gomeo2o/data
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/backup/
chmod -R 775 /data/backup/
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --initialize-insecure &

 # 查看日志
  # tail -f /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/error.log

2.9、启动数据库推荐做法

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf & 

2.10、进入mysql,修改账号

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql  -uroot -p -P3306 -S /gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock

set sql_log_bin = 0;
create user 'rpl_user'@'%';
grant replication slave on *.* to 'rpl_user'@'10.%' identified by 'BR8KLwXCKHgN';
update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('rootpwd2017') where user='root';
flush
privileges;
set sql_log_bin = 1;
reset master ; reset slave
all;
exit;

######## 配置主从复制方法开始 ########
# CHANGE MASTER
TO MASTER_HOST='172.16.1.10',MASTER_USER='rpl_user',
# MASTER_PASSWORD
='BR8KLwXCKHgN',MASTER_PORT=3306,
# MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY
=10,MASTER_AUTO_POSITION =1;
#
# start slave;
# show slave status\G;
######## 配置主从复制方法结束 ########

2.12、设置便捷使用方式

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config_editor set --host=localhost --login-path=3306_localhost_login --user=root --port=3306  --password --socket=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/tmp/mysql_3306.sock

# 请输入root密码: rootpwd2017

alias mysql.
3306.start='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf &'
alias mysql.
3306.stop='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login shutdown &'
alias mysql.
3306.login='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login'
# alias mysql.
3306.all_dump='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login -R -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384 --default-character-set=utf8mb4 --set-gtid-purged=OFF --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick | gzip >/data/backup/all_database_bak_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz'


cat
>>/root/.bashrc <<EOF
alias mysql.
3306.start='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf &'
alias mysql.
3306.stop='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login shutdown &'
alias mysql.
3306.login='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login'
# alias mysql.
3306.all_dump='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login -R -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384 --default-character-set=utf8mb4 --set-gtid-purged=OFF --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick | gzip >/data/backup/all_database_bak_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz'
EOF

source
/root/.bash_profile

cat
>>/etc/rc.local <<EOF
# alias mysql.
3306.start='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf &'
# alias mysql.
3306.stop='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login shutdown &'
# alias mysql.
3306.login='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login'
## alias mysql.
3306.all_dump='/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login -R -E --triggers -e --max_allowed_packet=16777216 --net_buffer_length=16384 --default-character-set=utf8mb4 --set-gtid-purged=OFF --master-data=2 --single-transaction --all-databases --quick | gzip >/data/backup/all_database_bak_`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H_%M_%S`.sql.gz'
EOF

3、gtid故障处理一例

############################################# gtid故障处理开始 #############################################
# 模拟在从库删除库,然后再主库删除该库,报如下错误
# Last_SQL_Error: Error
'Can't drop database 'db1'; database doesn't exist' on query. Default database: 'db1'. Query: 'drop database db1'
# Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
# Master_Server_Id:
623306
# Master_UUID: 11526eb0
-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2
# Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
# SQL_Delay:
0
# SQL_Remaining_Delay:
NULL
# Slave_SQL_Running_State:
# Master_Retry_Count:
86400
# Master_Bind:
# Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
# Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
170227 15:44:06
# Master_SSL_Crl:
# Master_SSL_Crlpath:
# Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 11526eb0
-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:1-2
# Executed_Gtid_Set: 11526eb0
-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:1,
# 1760a7a5
-fcbc-11e6-8f14-005056b90358:1
# Auto_Position:
1
# Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
# Channel_Name:
# Master_TLS_Version:
#
# 处理方法:
# stop slave;
#
set gtid_next='11526eb0-fcbc-11e6-af7d-005056b937e2:2';
#
begin;
#
commit;
#
set gtid_next='automatic';
# start slave;
# show slave status\G;
############################################# gtid故障处理结束 #############################################

 四、配套卸载删除脚本

[root@myserver mysql]# sh Uninstall_mysql.sh 
请注意,你正在关闭mysqld服务
!!!
[Y
/N]: Y
你已经选择关闭mysqld服务操作,即将关闭
!!!
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
mysql卸载完毕...

[root@myserver mysql]# chmod +x Uninstall_mysql.sh 

 

cat Uninstall_mysql.sh 
#
!/bin/bash
mysqld_count
=`ps -ef|grep -v 'grep' | grep mysqld |wc -l`
echo " 请注意,你正在关闭mysqld服务!!!"


function shutdown_and_delete_files () {
if [ "${mysqld_count}" -eq 2 ]; then
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=/gomeo2o/data/mysql/mysql_3306/my_3306.cnf --login-path=3306_localhost_login shutdown &
fi

# 模拟打印进度条
for i in {1..10}
do
echo -n " $i"
sleep 1
done

# 删除链接文件

if [ -L /usr/local/mysql ]; then
unlink /usr/local/mysql
fi

echo ""

# 删除相应的文件

rm -rf /opt/mysql/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
rm -rf /etc/my.cnf.bak
rm -rf /data/backup/*
cp /root/.bashrc /root/.bashrc.bak
cp /etc/rc.local /etc/rc.local.bak
sed -i '/mysql.3306/d' /root/.bashrc
sed -i '/mysql.3306/d' /etc/rc.local
rm -rf /gomeo2o/data/*
echo "mysql卸载完毕..."
echo ""
}



read -p "[Y/N]: " answer
case "${answer}" in
Y|y|YES|yes)
echo "你已经选择关闭mysqld服务操作,即将关闭!!!"
shutdown_and_delete_files
;;
N|n|NO|no)
echo "你已经取消关闭mysqld服务操作..."
;;
*)
#echo "Error choice"
echo "Useage: [Y|YES|y|yes N|NO|n|no]"
;;
esac