http://www.cnblogs.com/alice-bj/tag/Django%20-%20BBS/
https://www.cnblogs.com/venicid/p/9365019.html#_label0
1、项目流程
项目流程： 1 搞清楚需求（产品经理） (1) 基于用户认证组件和Ajax实现登录验证(图片验证码) (2) 基于forms组件和Ajax实现注册功能 (3) 设计系统首页（文章列表渲染） (4) 设计个人站点页面---跨表查询，分组查询 (5) 文章详情页 (6) 实现文章点赞功能 (7) 实现文章的评论
－－－文章的评论
－－－评论的评论 (8) 富文本编辑框 和 防止xss攻击(防止别人提交js代码) 2 设计表结构 3 按着每一个功能分别进行开发 4 功能测试 5 项目部署上线
2、设计表结构
关联字段放在多的一方
2 设计表结构
from django.contrib.auth.models import User,AbstractUser
class UserInfo(AbstractUser):
"""
用户信息
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
telephone = models.CharField(max_length=11, null=True, unique=True)
avatar = models.FileField(upload_to='avatars/', default="/avatars/default.png")
create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='创建时间', auto_now_add=True)
blog = models.OneToOneField(to='Blog', to_field='nid', null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.username
class Blog(models.Model):
"""
博客信息表（站点表）
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(verbose_name='个人博客标题', max_length=64)
site_name = models.CharField(verbose_name='站点名称', max_length=64)
theme = models.CharField(verbose_name='博客主题', max_length=32)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Category(models.Model):
"""
博主个人文章分类表
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(verbose_name='分类标题', max_length=32)
blog = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='所属博客', to='Blog', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Tag(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(verbose_name='标签名称', max_length=32)
blog = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='所属博客', to='Blog', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Article(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='文章标题')
desc = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name='文章描述')
create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='创建时间',auto_now_add=True)
content = models.TextField()
comment_count=models.IntegerField(default=0)
up_count=models.IntegerField(default=0)
down_count=models.IntegerField(default=0)
user = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='作者', to='UserInfo', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
category = models.ForeignKey(to='Category', to_field='nid', null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
tags = models.ManyToManyField(
to="Tag",
through='Article2Tag',
through_fields=('article', 'tag'),
)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Article2Tag(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
article = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='文章', to="Article", to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
tag = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='标签', to="Tag", to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
class Meta:
unique_together = [
('article', 'tag'),
]
def __str__(self):
v = self.article.title + "---" + self.tag.title
return v
class ArticleUpDown(models.Model):
"""
点赞表
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
user = models.ForeignKey('UserInfo', null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
article = models.ForeignKey("Article", null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
is_up = models.BooleanField(default=True)
class Meta:
unique_together = [
('article', 'user'),
]
class Comment(models.Model):
"""
评论表
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
user = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='评论者', to='UserInfo', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
article = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='评论文章', to='Article', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='创建时间', auto_now_add=True)
content = models.CharField(verbose_name='评论内容', max_length=255)
parent_comment=models.ForeignKey("self",null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.content
根评论：对文章的评论
子评论：对评论的评论
111
444
555
222
333
Comment
nid user_id article_id content parent_comment_id(null=True)
1 1 1 111 null
2 2 1 222 null
3 3 1 333 null
4 4 1 444 1
5 5 1 555 4
对表逻辑分析
（1）用户表分析
UserInfo继承AbstractUser类
之前的用户认证组件的User表是继承AbstractUser类，并且不能添加字段
from django.contrib.auth.models import User,AbstractUser
class UserInfo(AbstractUser):
"""
用户信息
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
telephone = models.CharField(max_length=11, null=True, unique=True)
avatar = models.FileField(upload_to='avatars/', default="/avatars/default.png")
create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='创建时间', auto_now_add=True)
可以扩展其他的字段：name 、age等等 blog = models.OneToOneField(to='Blog', to_field='nid', null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE) def __str__(self):
return self.username
博客信息表：
class Blog(models.Model):
"""
博客信息表（站点表）
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(verbose_name='个人博客标题', max_length=64)
site_name = models.CharField(verbose_name='站点名称', max_length=64)
theme = models.CharField(verbose_name='博客主题', max_length=32)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
用户的信息字段
分类表
class Category(models.Model):
"""
博主个人文章分类表
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(verbose_name='分类标题', max_length=32)
blog = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='所属博客', to='Blog', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE) def __str__(self):
return self.title
一个标签属于多个文章，一个文章有多个标签
分类和站点
站点和用户一对一
用户和分类一对多
标签表
class Tag(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(verbose_name='标签名称', max_length=32)
blog = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='所属博客', to='Blog', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE) def __str__(self):
return self.title
评论表
class Comment(models.Model):
""" 评论表 """
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
user = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='评论者', to='UserInfo', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
article = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='评论文章', to='Article', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='创建时间', auto_now_add=True)
content = models.CharField(verbose_name='评论内容', max_length=255) parent_comment=models.ForeignKey("self",null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)#自关联，用于建立子评论 def __str__(self):
return self.content
博客系统的创建项目与数据迁移
在models.py
from django.contrib.auth.models import User,AbstractUser
class UserInfo(AbstractUser):
"""
用户信息
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
telephone = models.CharField(max_length=11, null=True, unique=True)
avatar = models.FileField(upload_to='avatars/', default="/avatars/default.png")
create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='创建时间', auto_now_add=True)
blog = models.OneToOneField(to='Blog', to_field='nid', null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.username
class Blog(models.Model):
"""
博客信息表（站点表）
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(verbose_name='个人博客标题', max_length=64)
site_name = models.CharField(verbose_name='站点名称', max_length=64)
theme = models.CharField(verbose_name='博客主题', max_length=32)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Category(models.Model):
"""
博主个人文章分类表
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(verbose_name='分类标题', max_length=32)
blog = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='所属博客', to='Blog', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Tag(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(verbose_name='标签名称', max_length=32)
blog = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='所属博客', to='Blog', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Article(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
title = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name='文章标题')
desc = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name='文章描述')
create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='创建时间',auto_now_add=True)
content = models.TextField()
comment_count=models.IntegerField(default=0)
up_count=models.IntegerField(default=0)
down_count=models.IntegerField(default=0)
user = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='作者', to='UserInfo', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
category = models.ForeignKey(to='Category', to_field='nid', null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
tags = models.ManyToManyField(
to="Tag",
through='Article2Tag',
through_fields=('article', 'tag'),
)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
class Article2Tag(models.Model):
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
article = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='文章', to="Article", to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
tag = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='标签', to="Tag", to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
class Meta:
unique_together = [
('article', 'tag'),
]
def __str__(self):
v = self.article.title + "---" + self.tag.title
return v
class ArticleUpDown(models.Model):
"""
点赞表
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
user = models.ForeignKey('UserInfo', null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
article = models.ForeignKey("Article", null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
is_up = models.BooleanField(default=True)
class Meta:
unique_together = [
('article', 'user'),
]
class Comment(models.Model):
"""
评论表
"""
nid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
user = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='评论者', to='UserInfo', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
article = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name='评论文章', to='Article', to_field='nid',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
create_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='创建时间', auto_now_add=True)
content = models.CharField(verbose_name='评论内容', max_length=255)
parent_comment=models.ForeignKey("self",null=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.content
models
连接mysql数据库
开启数据库
settings.py
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME':'cnblog', # 要连接的数据库，连接前需要创建好
'USER':'root', # 连接数据库的用户名
'PASSWORD':'', # 连接数据库的密码
'HOST':'127.0.0.1', # 连接主机，默认本级
'PORT'：3306 # 端口 默认3306
}
}
AUTH_USER_MODEL='blog.UserInfo'
在项目名下的init添加如下代码
import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
在pycharm的Terminal执行
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
mysql生成表
在pycharm中查看生成的表
