from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from lxml import etree
import time, json JD_URL_Login = "https://www.jd.com/" class CustomizeException(Exception):
def __init__(self, status, msg):
self.status = status
self.msg = msg class JD:
def __init__(self):
self.browser = None
self.__init_browser() def __init_browser(self):
options = Options()
options.add_argument("--headless")
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
# 设置为无图模式
options.add_experimental_option("prefs", {"profile.managed_default_content_settings.images": 2})
self.browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
# 设置浏览器最大化窗口
self.browser.maximize_window()
# 隐式等待时间为3s
self.browser.implicitly_wait(3)
self.browser.get(JD_URL_Login)
self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.browser, 10) def __search_goods(self, goods):
'''搜索商品的方法'''
self.file = open("jd-{}.json".format(goods), "a", encoding="utf-8")
self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.ID, "key")))
serach_input = self.browser.find_element_by_id("key")
serach_input.clear()
serach_input.send_keys(goods, Keys.ENTER) def __get_goods_info(self, page_source):
'''从网页源码中获取到想要的数据'''
selector_html = etree.HTML(page_source)
# 商品名字 不要获取title属性，以后再改吧，最好是获取到商品名的文本内容
goods_name = selector_html.xpath("//div[@class='gl-i-wrap']//div[contains(@class,'p-name')]/a/@title") # 商品价格
goods_price = selector_html.xpath("//div[@class='gl-i-wrap']//div[@class='p-price']/strong/i/text()") # 商品评价数量
comment_num_selector = selector_html.xpath("//div[@class='p-commit']/strong")
comment_num = [selector.xpath("string(.)") for selector in comment_num_selector] # 商品店铺
shop_name = selector_html.xpath("//a[@class='curr-shop']/text()") goods_zip = zip(goods_name, goods_price, comment_num, shop_name)
for goods_info in goods_zip:
dic = {}
dic["goods_name"] = goods_info[0]
dic["goods_price"] = goods_info[1]
dic["comment_num"] = goods_info[2]
dic["shop_name"] = goods_info[3]
# print("商品名字>>:", goods_info[0])
# print("商品价格>>:", goods_info[1])
# print("商品评价数量>>:", goods_info[2])
# print("商品店铺>>:", goods_info[3])
# print("*" * 100)
yield dic def __swipe_page(self):
'''上下滑动页面，将完整的网页源码返回'''
height = self.browser.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight;")
js = "window.scrollTo(0, {});".format(height)
self.browser.execute_script(js)
while True:
time.sleep(1)
now_height = self.browser.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight;")
if height == now_height:
return self.browser.page_source
js = "window.scrollTo({}, {});".format(height, now_height)
self.browser.execute_script(js)
height = now_height def __is_element_exists(self, xpath):
'''检测一个xpath是否能够找到'''
try:
self.browser.find_element_by_xpath(xpath=xpath)
return True
except NoSuchElementException:
return False def __click_next_page(self):
'''点击下一页，实现翻页功能'''
self.wait.until(EC.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.CLASS_NAME, "pn-next")))
xpath = "//a[@class='pn-next']"
if not self.__is_element_exists(xpath):
raise CustomizeException(10000, "该商品访问完毕")
self.browser.find_element_by_xpath(xpath).click() def __write_to_json(self, dic: dict):
data_json = json.dumps(dic, ensure_ascii=False)
self.file.write(data_json + "\n") def run(self, goods):
self.__search_goods(goods)
n = 1
while True:
print("正在爬取商品 <{}>---第{}页......".format(goods, n))
time.sleep(3)
html = self.__swipe_page()
for dic in self.__get_goods_info(html):
self.__write_to_json(dic)
try:
self.__click_next_page()
except CustomizeException:
try:
goods = goods_list.pop(0)
self.run(goods)
except IndexError:
return
n += 1 def __del__(self):
self.browser.close()
self.file.close() if __name__ == '__main__':
jd = JD()
goods_list = ["纯牛奶", "酸奶", "奶茶", "床上用品", "电磁炉", "电视", "小米笔记本", "华硕笔记本", "联想笔记本", "男士洗面奶", "女士洗面奶", "沐浴露", "洗发露",
"牙刷", "牙膏", "拖鞋", "剃须刀", "水手服", "运动服", "红龙果", "苹果", "香蕉", "洗衣液", "电饭煲"]
try:
goods = goods_list.pop(0)
except IndexError:
raise CustomizeException(20000, "goods_list不能为空")
try:
jd.run(goods)
finally:
del jd