微信 JS-SDK 签名验证

时间:2023-03-09 16:17:04
微信 JS-SDK 签名验证

doc: http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/7/aaa137b55fb2e0456bf8dd9148dd613f.html
demo:http://demo.open.weixin.qq.com/jssdk/
sandbox:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=jsapisign

生成签名之前必须先了解一下jsapi_ticket,jsapi_ticket是公众号用于调用微信JS接口的临时票据。正常情况下,jsapi_ticket的有效期为7200秒,通过access_token来获取。由于获取jsapi_ticket的api调用次数非常有限,频繁刷新jsapi_ticket会导致api调用受限,影响自身业务,开发者必须在自己的服务全局缓存jsapi_ticket 。
参考以下文档获取access_token(有效期7200秒,开发者必须在自己的服务全局缓存access_token):
用第一步拿到的access_token 采用http GET方式请求获得jsapi_ticket(有效期7200秒,开发者必须在自己的服务全局缓存jsapi_ticket):https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&type=jsapi

注意事项

1.设置JS接口安全域名
2.签名用的noncestr和timestamp必须与wx.config中的nonceStr和timestamp相同。
3.签名用的url必须是调用JS接口页面的完整URL。
4.出于安全考虑,开发者必须在服务器端实现签名的逻辑。

JAVA实现

public class WxSign {
@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "unchecked" })
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
/*
String access_token= WeChat.getAccessToken();
String jsapi_ticket = WeChat.getJsApiTicket(access_token);
*/
//System.out.println("access_token : "+access_token+ " jsapi_ticket: " +jsapi_ticket);
String jsapi_ticket="jsapi_ticket";
String url = "http://cmsplus.com.cn";
Map<String, String> ret = sign(jsapi_ticket, url);
for (Map.Entry entry : ret.entrySet()) {
//System.out.println(entry.getKey() + "======== " + entry.getValue());
}
System.out.println("signature: "+ret.get("signature") + ": timestamp " +ret.get("timestamp"));
System.out.println(createLinkString(ret));
}; //对所有待签名参数按照字段名的ASCII 码从小到大排序(字典序)后
/**
* 把数组所有元素排序,并按照“参数=参数值”的模式用“&”字符拼接成字符串
* @param params 需要排序并参与字符拼接的参数组
* @return 拼接后字符串
*/
public static String createLinkString(Map<String, String> params) {
List<String> keys = new ArrayList<String>(params.keySet());
Collections.sort(keys);
String prestr = "";
for (int i = 0; i < keys.size(); i++) {
String key = keys.get(i);
String value = params.get(key);
if (i == keys.size() - 1) {//拼接时,不包括最后一个&字符
prestr = prestr + key + "=" + value;
} else {
prestr = prestr + key + "=" + value + "&";
}
}
return prestr;
} public static Map<String, String> sign(String jsapi_ticket, String url) {
Map<String, String> ret = new HashMap<String, String>();
String nonce_str = create_nonce_str();
String timestamp = create_timestamp();
String string1;
String signature = "";
// 注意这里参数名必须全部小写,且必须有序
string1 = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket + "&noncestr=" + nonce_str + "&timestamp=" + timestamp + "&url=" + url;
//System.out.println(string1);
try {
MessageDigest crypt = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
crypt.reset();
crypt.update(string1.getBytes("UTF-8"));
signature = byteToHex(crypt.digest());
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ret.put("url", url);
ret.put("jsapi_ticket", jsapi_ticket);
ret.put("nonceStr", nonce_str);
ret.put("timestamp", timestamp);
ret.put("signature", signature);
return ret;
} private static String byteToHex(final byte[] hash) {
Formatter formatter = new Formatter();
for (byte b : hash) {
formatter.format("%02x", b);
}
String result = formatter.toString();
formatter.close();
return result;
} private static String create_nonce_str() {
return UUID.randomUUID().toString();
} private static String create_timestamp() {
return Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
}
}
public class WeChat {
private static final String ACCESSTOKEN_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential";
private static final String PAYFEEDBACK_URL = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/payfeedback/update";
/**
* 获取access_token
*
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String getAccessToken() throws Exception {
String appid = ConfKit.get("AppId");
String secret = ConfKit.get("AppSecret");
String jsonStr = HttpKit.get(ACCESSTOKEN_URL.concat("&appid=") + appid + "&secret=" + secret);
Map<String, Object> map = JSONObject.parseObject(jsonStr);
return map.get("access_token").toString();
} /**
* 获取jsapi_ticket
*
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String getJsApiTicket(String accessToken) throws Exception {
String jsonStr = HttpKit.get("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token="+accessToken+"&type=jsapi");
Map<String, Object> map = JSONObject.parseObject(jsonStr);
return map.get("ticket").toString();
} /**
* 获取access_token
*
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String getAccessToken(String appid, String secret) throws Exception {
String jsonStr = HttpKit.get(ACCESSTOKEN_URL.concat("&appid=") + appid + "&secret=" + secret);
Map<String, Object> map = JSONObject.parseObject(jsonStr);
return map.get("access_token").toString();
} /**
* 支付反馈
*
* @param openid
* @param feedbackid
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static boolean payfeedback(String openid, String feedbackid) throws Exception {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
String accessToken = getAccessToken();
map.put("access_token", accessToken);
map.put("openid", openid);
map.put("feedbackid", feedbackid);
String jsonStr = HttpKit.get(PAYFEEDBACK_URL, map);
Map<String, Object> jsonMap = JSONObject.parseObject(jsonStr);
return "0".equals(jsonMap.get("errcode").toString());
} /**
* 判断是否来自微信, 5.0 之后的支持微信支付
*
* @param request
* @return
*/
public static boolean isWeiXin(HttpServletRequest request) {
String userAgent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(userAgent)) {
Pattern p = Pattern.compile("MicroMessenger/(\\d+).+");
Matcher m = p.matcher(userAgent);
String version = null;
if (m.find()) {
version = m.group(1);
}
return (null != version && NumberUtils.toInt(version) >= 5);
}
return false;
}

javascript

wx.config({
debug: false,
appId: '${appId}',
timestamp: '${timestamp}',
nonceStr: '${nonceStr}',
signature: '${signature}',
jsApiList: [
'checkJsApi',
'onMenuShareTimeline',
'onMenuShareAppMessage',
'onMenuShareQQ',
'onMenuShareWeibo',
'hideMenuItems',
'showMenuItems',
'hideAllNonBaseMenuItem',
'showAllNonBaseMenuItem',
'translateVoice',
'startRecord',
'stopRecord',
'onRecordEnd',
'playVoice',
'pauseVoice',
'stopVoice',
'uploadVoice',
'downloadVoice',
'chooseImage',
'previewImage',
'uploadImage',
'downloadImage',
'getNetworkType',
'openLocation',
'getLocation',
'hideOptionMenu',
'showOptionMenu',
'closeWindow',
'scanQRCode',
'chooseWXPay',
'openProductSpecificView',
'addCard',
'chooseCard',
'openCard'
]
});
wx.ready(function () {
var shareData = {
title: '这是活动的介绍页',
desc: '这里是发送给好友的时候的简介',
link: 'http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/7/aaa137b55fb2e0456bf8dd9148dd613f.html',
imgUrl: 'http://demo.open.weixin.qq.com/jssdk/images/p2166127561.jpg',
};
//wx.onMenuShareAppMessage(shareData);
wx.onMenuShareAppMessage({
title: '互联网之子',
desc: '在长大的过程中,我才慢慢发现,我身边的所有事,别人跟我说的所有事,那些所谓本来如此,注定如此的事,它们其实没有非得如此,事情是可以改变的。更重要的是,有些事既然错了,那就该做出改变。',
link: 'http://movie.douban.com/subject/25785114/',
imgUrl: 'http://demo.open.weixin.qq.com/jssdk/images/p2166127561.jpg',
trigger: function (res) {
// 不要尝试在trigger中使用ajax异步请求修改本次分享的内容,因为客户端分享操作是一个同步操作,这时候使用ajax的回包会还没有返回
alert('用户点击发送给朋友');
},
success: function (res) {
alert('已分享');
},
cancel: function (res) {
alert('已取消');
},
fail: function (res) {
alert(JSON.stringify(res));
}
});
wx.onMenuShareTimeline(shareData);
// 要隐藏的菜单项,只能隐藏“传播类”和“保护类”按钮,所有menu项见附录3
wx.hideMenuItems({
menuList: [
'menuItem:copyUrl'
]
});
//hide
//wx.hideAllNonBaseMenuItem();
//wx.hideOptionMenu();
});
wx.error(function (res) {
alert("error: "+ res.errMsg);
});

实现隐藏复制链接,分享的时候改变分析的地址与内容等,其他接口按照文档来吧,没什么复杂滴。

其他语言实现

Nodejs实现:http://www.57kan.com/show/index/id/15907
https://github.com/willian12345/wechat-JS-SDK-demo

PHP实现:https://github.com/wjfz/weixin-jssdk

Refer:

微信js sdk invalid signature签名错误 问题解决

http://my.oschina.net/u/2308739/blog/371414