1.频次访问组件
1） 手写版本
# class VisitThrottle(BaseThrottle):
#
# def __init__(self):
# self.history = None
#
# def allow_request(self, request, view):
# """
# 限制IP每分钟访问不能超过3次
# :param request:
# :param view:
# :return:
# """
#
# # 确定访问IP
# print(self.get_ident(request))
# remote_addr = request.META.get('REMOTE_ADDR')
# print("REMOTE_ADDR", remote_addr)
#
# # 获取当次访问时间
# ctime = time.time()
#
# # if 第一次访问
# if remote_addr not in VISIT_RECORD:
# VISIT_RECORD[remote_addr] = [ctime, ]
# return True
#
# history = VISIT_RECORD.get(remote_addr)
# self.history = history
#
# while history and ctime - history[-1] > 60:
# history.pop()
#
# if len(history) < 3:
# history.insert(0, ctime)
# return True
# else:
# return False
#
# def wait(self):
# # 当前访问时间
# ctime = time.time()
#
# # 访问时间历史记录 self.history
#
# return 60 - (ctime - self.history[-1])
频率访问组件
2）rest-framework自带的简单组件
from rest_framework.throttling import SimpleRateThrottle class VisitedThrottle(SimpleRateThrottle):
scope = 'visited_rate'
THROTTLE_RATES = {'visited_rate': '3/m'} def get_cache_key(self, request, view):
return self.get_ident(request) # 写在全局
settings.py
"DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES": ("app01.utils.throttle_class.VisitThrottle",),
"DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES": {
"visit_rate": "10/m",
},
simpleRateThrottle
2.URL解析器
用法：
产生4条url：
支持.json等格式访问:
3.分页
# 定义分页组件类
class MyPageNumberPagination(PageNumberPagination):
page_size = 2
page_query_param = 'p'
page_size_query_param = 'size'
max_page_size = 3 class BookView(APIView):
# parser_classes = [FormParser, JSONParser, MultiPartParser] def get(self, request):
book_list = Book.objects.all().order_by('pk')
mypagination = MyPageNumberPagination() # 分页
pagination_list = mypagination.paginate_queryset(book_list, request) # 分页
bs = BookSerializer(pagination_list, many=True)
return response.Response(bs.data） class PublishView(ModelViewSet):
authentication_classes = [UserAuth, ]
# throttle_classes = [UserThrottle, ] permission_classes = [UserPermission, ]
queryset = Publish.objects.all().order_by('pk') #分页
serializer_class = PublishSerializer
pagination_class = MyPageNumberPagination # 分页
4.响应器
REST_FRAMEWORK={
'DEFAULT_PARSER_CLASSES': (
'rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser',
'rest_framework.parsers.FormParser',
),
'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
'app01.utils.auth_class.UserAuth',
),
'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': (
'app01.utils.permission_class.SVIPPermission',
),
"DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES": ("app01.utils.throttle_class.VisitThrottle",),
"DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES": {
"visit_rate": "10/m",
},
'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES': (
'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer',
#'rest_framework.renderers.BrowsableAPIRenderer',
),
# "PAGE_SIZE":3
}
5. 重写serialiazer中的create方法，解决配置列的报错问题read_only或write_only
class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
publish_name=serializers.CharField(max_length=32,source="publish.name",read_only=True)
# publish_pk=serializers.CharField(max_length=32,source="publish.pk",read_only=True)
# 该字段get的时候显示，post的时候不会写入create方法
publish_info=serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=True)
authors_list=serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=True)
def get_authors_list(self,obj):
ret=[]
for i in obj.authors.all():
ret.append({"name":i.name,"pk":i.pk})
return ret
def get_publish_info(self,obj):
return {"name":obj.publish.name,"publish_pk":obj.publish.pk}
def create(self, validated_data):pass
class Meta:
model = Book
# fields=["title","price"]
fields = "__all__"
# 设置字段get的时候不显示，post的时候会写入create方法
extra_kwargs={"publish":{"write_only":True},"authors":{"write_only":True}}
重写write：
BookSerializer
class BookSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
publish_info = serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=False)
authors_info = serializers.SerializerMethodField(read_only=False) def get_authors_info(self, obj):
temp = []
for i in obj.authors.all():
temp.append({
"author_pk": i.pk,
"author_name": i.name,
"author_email": i.email
})
return temp def get_publish_info(self, obj):
return {"publish_pk": obj.publish.pk,
"publish_name": obj.publish.name,
"publish_addr": obj.publish.address} class Meta:
model = Book
fields = "__all__"
# exclude = ["publish"]
extra_kwargs = {
"publish": {"read_only": True},
"authors": {"read_only": True}
} def create(self, validated_data):
my_validated_data = validated_data['owner'] authors_info = my_validated_data.pop('authors_info')
publish_info = my_validated_data.pop('publish_info')
my_validated_data['publish_id'] = publish_info.get('publish_pk')
authors_pk_list = []
for i in authors_info:
authors_pk_list.append(i.get('author_pk'))
self.instance = Book.objects.create(**my_validated_data)
self.instance.authors.set(authors_pk_list)
return self.instance
类BookSerializer
BookView /重点.要将非model中的字段通过save(owner=request.data传给validated_data)
class BookView(APIView):
# parser_classes = [FormParser, JSONParser, MultiPartParser] def get(self, request):
book_list = Book.objects.all().order_by('pk')
mypagination = MyPageNumberPagination()
pagination_list = mypagination.paginate_queryset(book_list, request)
bs = BookSerializer(pagination_list, many=True)
return response.Response(bs.data) def post(self, request):
serializer = BookSerializer(data=request.data) if serializer.is_valid(): serializer.save(owner=request.data)
# print(serializer.data) # 必须在save()方法之后
# {'id': 8, 'title': '第10本书', 'price': 12, 'publish': 1, 'authors': [1, 3]}
print(serializer.validated_data)
# OrderedDict([('title', '第10本书'), ('price', 12), ('publish', < Publish: 沙河出版社 >),
# ('authors', [ < Author: 下马哥 >, < Author: eva >])])
return response.Response(serializer.data)
else:
return response.Response(serializer.errors)
类BookView
https://www.cnblogs.com/yuanchenqi/articles/8719520.html