Python编程Day4——if判断、while循环、for循环

时间:2023-03-09 14:31:37
Python编程Day4——if判断、while循环、for循环

一、if判断

语法一:

if条件:
代码块1
代码块2
代码块3
 示例:
sex='female'
age=18
is_beautiful=True
if sex =='female'and age>16 and age<20 and is_beautiful:
print('开始表白。。。')
else:
print('阿姨好。。。') print('other code1...')
print('other code2...')
print('other code3...') 执行结果:第一个条件通过则输出:开始表白、other code1......,第一个条件不通过则输出:阿姨好
 示例:
sex='female'
age=18
is_beautiful=True
if_sex =='female'and age>16 and age<20 and is_beautiful:
print('开始表白。。。')
print('other code1...')
print('other code2...')
print('other code3...')
执行结果:开始表白、other code1.....
语法二:
if条件:
代码块1
代码块2
代码块3 else:条件不成立时执行的子代码块
代码块1
代码块2
代码块3
 示例:
sex='female'
age=18
is_beautiful=True
if sex =='female'and age>16 and age<20 and is_beautiful:
print('开始表白。。。')
else:
print('阿姨好。。。') print('other code1...')
print('other code2...')
print('other code3...') 执行结果:第一个条件通过则输出:开始表白、other code1......,第一个条件不通过则输出:阿姨好
语法三:
if条件1:
if条件2:
代码块1
代码块2
代码块3
 示例:
sex = 'female'
age = 18
is_beautiful = True
is_sucessful=True
height=1.70 if sex == 'female' and age > 16 and age < 20 and is_beautiful and height >1.60 and height <1.80:
print('开始表白。。。')
if is_sucessful:
print('在一起。。。')
else:
print('什么爱情不爱情的。。。。。')
else:
print('阿姨好。。。') print('other code1...')
print('other code2...')
print('other code3...')
 # 注意在代码过长的情况下可以使用\来进行分隔:
# is_beautiful=\
# True
# print(is_beautiful)
# 输出结果:True
'''
sex = 'female'
age = 18
is_beautiful = True
is_sucessful=True
height=1.70 if sex == 'female' and age > 16 and age < 20 and is_beautiful \
and height >1.60 and height <1.80:
print('开始表白。。。')
if is_sucessful:
print('在一起。。。')
else:
print('什么爱情不爱情的。。。。。')
else:
print('阿姨好。。。') print('other code1...')
print('other code2...')
print('other code3...')
语法四:
if条件1:
代码块1
代码块2
代码块3
elif条件2:
代码块1
代码块2
代码块3
elif条件3:
代码块1
代码块2
代码块3
else:
代码块1
代码块2
代码块3
 示例:如果:成绩>=90,那么:优秀

        如果成绩>=80且<90,那么:良好

        如果成绩>=70且<80,那么:普通

        其他情况:很差

 score=input('请输入成绩/please input your score:   ')
score=int(score)
if score>=90:
print('优秀')
elif score>=80 and score<90:
print('良好')
elif score>=70 and score<80:
print('普通')
else:
print('很差')

二、while循环

语法:
while 条件
代码1
代码2
代码3
 示例:
while True:
name=input('please input your name:')
pwd=input('please input your password:') if name =='egon' and pwd =='':
print('login successful')
else:
print('username or password error')注:现这个循环是在持续运行中
 方式一:条件改为False,在条件改为False时不会立即结束掉循环,而是要等到下一次循环判断条件时才会结束。
示例:
tag=True
while tag:
name=input('please input your name:')
pwd=input('please input your password:') if name =='egon' and pwd =='':
print('login successful')
tag=False
else:
print('username or password error')
print('===>>>')
 方式二:while+break
break一定要放在循环体内,一旦循环体执行到break就会立即结束本层循环 示例:
while True:
name=input('please input your name:')
pwd=input('please input your password:') if name =='egon' and pwd =='':
print('login successful')
break #运行正确则结束本层循环
else:
print('username or password error') print('===>>>>') # (这个无法执行)
 方式三:
while+continue:
结束本次循环,直接进入下一次循环 count=1
while count<6: #count=1,2,3,4,
if count == 4:
continue
print(count)
count +=1 #现执行结果在4这个数进行死循环 count=1
while count<6: #count=1,2,3,4,5
if count == 4:
count += 1
continue
print(count)
count += 1 while True:
name=input('please input your name:')
pwd=input('please input your password:') if name =='egon' and pwd =='':
print('login successful')
break #运行正确则结束本层循环
else:
print('username or password error')
continue #结束本次循环
print('===>>>>') # (这个无法执行)

三、for循环

 for循环的强大之处在于循环取值
l=['a','b','c','d','e']
i=0
while i< len(l):
print(l[i])
i +=1 for x in l: #x='b'
print(x)
 dic={'name':'egon','age':18,'gender':'male'}
for x in dic:
print(x,dic[x])
 1、for+else
names=['egon','kevin111_dsb','alex_dsb','mac_dsb']
for name in names:
if name=='kevin_dsb':
break
print(name)
else:
print('=======>') # 执行结果是正常执行完所有姓名并结束
'''
'''
names=['egon','kevin_dsb','alex_dsb','mac_dsb']
for name in names:
if name=='kevin_dsb':
break
print(name)
else:
print('=======>') # 执行结果是输出egon
'''
'''
 2、for+continue

 nums=[11,22,33,44,55]
for x in nums:
if x == 22 or x == 44:
continue
print(x) #执行结果是11、33、55
 3、for+range()

 range的用法  (cmd中执行结果)
>>> range(1,5)
[1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> for i in range(1,5):
... print(i)
...
1
2
3
4
>>> range(1,5,1)
[1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> range(1,5,2) # 1 3
[1, 3]
 示例:for i in range(1,5,2):  #range是只顾头不顾尾,2代表步长指1,1+2=3,3+2=5(不包含5所以不输出)
print(i) # 执行结果是1,3 for i in range(5) # >>>>0,1,2,3,4
print(i) # >>>>0,1,2,3,4
 4、for嵌套
for i in range(3): # >>>>i=0,1,2
for j in range(4):# >>>>j=0,1,2,3
print(i,j) # 最终执行结果: 如i=0(不变)j=0 0 0 1 0 2 0
i = 0(不变)j=1 0 1 1 1 2 1
i = 0(不变)j=2 0 2 1 2 2 2
i = 0(不变)j=3 0 3 1 3 2 3