spring boot 2 + shiro 实现权限管理

Shiro是一个功能强大且易于使用的Java安全框架，主要功能有身份验证、授权、加密和会话管理。
看了网上一些文章，下面2篇文章写得不错。
Springboot2.0 集成shiro权限管理 
Spring Boot：整合Shiro权限框架

自己动手敲了下代码，在第一篇文章上加入了第二篇文章的Swagger测试，另外自己加入lombok简化实体类代码，一些地方代码也稍微修改了下，过程中也碰到一些问题，最终代码成功运行。

开发版本：
IntelliJ IDEA 2019.2.2
jdk1.8
Spring Boot 2.1.11
MySQL8.0

一、创建SpringBoot项目，添加依赖包和配置application.yml

在IDEA中创建一个新的SpringBoot项目

1、pom.xml引用的依赖包如下：

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.10</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2</version>
        </dependency>

2、application.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
    username: root
    password: 123456
  jpa:
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: update #指定为update，每次启动项目检测表结构有变化的时候会新增字段，表不存在时会新建，如果指定create，则每次启动项目都会清空数据并删除表，再新建
      naming:
        physical-strategy: org.hibernate.boot.model.naming.PhysicalNamingStrategyStandardImpl #按字段名字建表
        #implicit-strategy: org.hibernate.boot.model.naming.ImplicitNamingStrategyLegacyJpaImpl #驼峰自动映射为下划线格式
    show-sql: true # 默认false，在日志里显示执行的sql语句
    database: mysql
    database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

二、创建实体类

创建User、Role、Permission三个实体类，根据规则会自动生成两个中间表，最终数据库有5个表。
另外添加一个model处理登录结果。

1、User

package com.example.shiro.entity;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Getter
@Setter
public class User {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long userId;

    @Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
    private String userName; //登录用户名

    @Column(nullable = false)
    private String name;//名称（昵称或者真实姓名，根据实际情况定义）

    @Column(nullable = false)
    private String password;

    private String salt;//加密密码的盐

    private byte state;//用户状态,0:创建未认证（比如没有激活，没有输入验证码等等）--等待验证的用户 , 1:正常状态,2：用户被锁定.

    @ManyToMany(fetch= FetchType.EAGER)//立即从数据库中进行加载数据;
    @JoinTable(name = "UserRole", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "userId") }, inverseJoinColumns ={@JoinColumn(name = "roleId") })
    private List<Role> roleList;// 一个用户具有多个角色

    @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm")
    private LocalDateTime createTime;//创建时间

    @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd")
    private LocalDate expiredDate;//过期日期

    private String email;

    /**密码盐. 重新对盐重新进行了定义，用户名+salt，这样就不容易被破解 */
    public String getCredentialsSalt(){
        return this.userName+this.salt;
    }
}

说明：
这里使用@Getter,@Setter注解，不能使用@Data注解，因为实体使用了jpa的@oneToMany ，加载方式为lazy，在主表查询时关联表未加载，而主表使用@Data后会实现带关联表属性的hashCode和equals等方法。在运行过程中调用关联表数据时会显示异常 java.lang.*error。

2、Role

package com.example.shiro.entity;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Getter
@Setter
public class Role {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long roleId; // 编号

    @Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
    private String role; // 角色标识程序中判断使用,如"admin",这个是唯一的:

    private String description; // 角色描述,UI界面显示使用

    private Boolean available = Boolean.TRUE; // 是否可用,如果不可用将不会添加给用户

    //角色 -- 权限关系：多对多关系;
    @ManyToMany(fetch= FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinTable(name="RolePermission",joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="roleId")},inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="permissionId")})
    private List<Permission> permissions;

    // 用户 - 角色关系定义;
    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(name="UserRole",joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="roleId")},inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="userId")})
    private List<User> users;// 一个角色对应多个用户
}

3、Permission

package com.example.shiro.entity;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Getter
@Setter
public class Permission {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long permissionId;//主键.

    @Column(nullable = false)
    private String permissionName;//名称.

    @Column(columnDefinition="enum('menu','button')")
    private String resourceType;//资源类型，[menu|button]

    private String url;//资源路径.

    private String permission; //权限字符串,menu例子：role:*，button例子：role:create,role:update,role:delete,role:view

    private Long parentId; //父编号

    private String parentIds; //父编号列表

    private Boolean available = Boolean.TRUE;

    //角色 -- 权限关系：多对多关系;
    @ManyToMany(fetch= FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinTable(name="RolePermission",joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="permissionId")},inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="roleId")})
    private List<Role> roles;
}

4、LoginResult

package com.example.shiro.model;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public class LoginResult {
    private boolean isLogin = false;
    private String result;
}

三、DAO

1、添加一个DAO基础接口：BaseRepository

package com.example.shiro.repository;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
import org.springframework.data.repository.NoRepositoryBean;
import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository;

import java.io.Serializable;

@NoRepositoryBean
public interface BaseRepository<T, I extends Serializable> extends PagingAndSortingRepository<T, I>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<T> {
}

2、UserRepository

package com.example.shiro.repository;

import com.example.shiro.entity.User;

public interface UserRepository extends BaseRepository<User,Long> {
    User findByUserName(String userName);
}

四、Service

1、LoginService

package com.example.shiro.service;

import com.example.shiro.model.LoginResult;

public interface LoginService {

    LoginResult login(String userName, String password);

    void logout();
}

2、UserService

package com.example.shiro.service;

import com.example.shiro.entity.User;

public interface UserService {
    User findByUserName(String userName);
}

五、Service.impl

1、LoginServiceImpl

package com.example.shiro.service.impl;

import com.example.shiro.model.LoginResult;
import com.example.shiro.repository.UserRepository;
import com.example.shiro.service.LoginService;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginService {

    @Override
    public LoginResult login(String userName, String password) {
        LoginResult loginResult = new LoginResult();
        if (userName == null || userName.isEmpty()) {
            loginResult.setLogin(false);
            loginResult.setResult("用户名为空");
            return loginResult;
        }
        String msg = "";
        // 1、获取Subject实例对象
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

//        // 2、判断当前用户是否登录
//        if (currentUser.isAuthenticated() == false) {
//
//        }

        // 3、将用户名和密码封装到UsernamePasswordToken
        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(userName, password);

        // 4、认证
        try {
            currentUser.login(token);// 传到MyAuthorizingRealm类中的方法进行认证
            Session session = currentUser.getSession();
            session.setAttribute("userName", userName);
            loginResult.setLogin(true);
            return loginResult;
            //return "/index";
        } catch (UnknownAccountException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            msg = "UnknownAccountException -- > 账号不存在：";
        } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) {
            msg = "IncorrectCredentialsException -- > 密码不正确：";
        } catch (AuthenticationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            msg = "用户验证失败";
        }

        loginResult.setLogin(false);
        loginResult.setResult(msg);

        return loginResult;
    }

    @Override
    public void logout() {
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        subject.logout();
    }
}

2、UserServiceImpl

package com.example.shiro.service.impl;

import com.example.shiro.entity.User;
import com.example.shiro.repository.UserRepository;
import com.example.shiro.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Resource
    private UserRepository userRepository;
    @Override
    public User findByUserName(String userName) {
        return userRepository.findByUserName(userName);
    }
}

六、config配置类

1、创建Realm

package com.example.shiro.config;

import com.example.shiro.entity.Permission;
import com.example.shiro.entity.Role;
import com.example.shiro.entity.User;
import com.example.shiro.service.UserService;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

public class MyShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    @Resource
    private UserService userService;

    /**
     * 身份认证:验证用户输入的账号和密码是否正确。
     * */
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
        //获取用户输入的账号
        String userName = (String) token.getPrincipal();
        //通过username从数据库中查找 User对象.
        //实际项目中，这里可以根据实际情况做缓存，如果不做，Shiro自己也是有时间间隔机制，2分钟内不会重复执行该方法
        User user = userService.findByUserName(userName);
        if (user == null) {
            return null;
        }
        SimpleAuthenticationInfo authenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(
                user,//这里传入的是user对象，比对的是用户名，直接传入用户名也没错，但是在授权部分就需要自己重新从数据库里取权限
                user.getPassword(),//密码
                ByteSource.Util.bytes(user.getCredentialsSalt()),//salt=username+salt
                getName()//realm name
        );
        return authenticationInfo;
    }

    /**
     * 权限信息
     * */
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
        SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
        //如果身份认证的时候没有传入User对象，这里只能取到userName
        //也就是SimpleAuthenticationInfo构造的时候第一个参数传递需要User对象
        User user  = (User)principals.getPrimaryPrincipal();
        for(Role role : user.getRoleList()){
            //添加角色
            authorizationInfo.addRole(role.getRole());
            for(Permission p:role.getPermissions()){
                //添加权限
                authorizationInfo.addStringPermission(p.getPermission());
            }
        }
        return authorizationInfo;
    }

}

2、配置Shiro

package com.example.shiro.config;

import org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
    //将自己的验证方式加入容器
    @Bean
    MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm() {
        MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm = new MyShiroRealm();
        myShiroRealm.setCredentialsMatcher(hashedCredentialsMatcher());
        return myShiroRealm;
    }

    //权限管理，配置主要是Realm的管理认证
    @Bean
    DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager() {
        DefaultWebSecurityManager manager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        manager.setRealm(myShiroRealm());
        return manager;
    }

    //凭证匹配器（密码校验交给Shiro的SimpleAuthenticationInfo进行处理)
    @Bean
    public HashedCredentialsMatcher hashedCredentialsMatcher(){
        HashedCredentialsMatcher hashedCredentialsMatcher = new HashedCredentialsMatcher();
        hashedCredentialsMatcher.setHashAlgorithmName("md5");//散列算法:这里使用MD5算法;
        hashedCredentialsMatcher.setHashIterations(2);//散列的次数，比如散列两次，相当于 md5(md5(""));
        return hashedCredentialsMatcher;
    }

    // Filter工厂，设置对应的过滤条件和跳转条件
    @Bean
    ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean() {
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        bean.setSecurityManager(securityManager());
        Map<String, String> filterMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
        // 登出
        filterMap.put("/logout", "logout");
        // swagger
        filterMap.put("/swagger**/**", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/webjars/**", "anon");
        filterMap.put("/v2/**", "anon");
        // 对所有用户认证
        filterMap.put("/**", "authc");
        // 登录
        bean.setLoginUrl("/login");
        // 首页
        bean.setSuccessUrl("/index");
        // 未授权页面，认证不通过跳转
        bean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/403");
        bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
        return bean;
    }

    //开启shiro aop注解支持.
    @Bean
    public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(){
        AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
        authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager());
        return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
    }

    //shiro注解模式下，登录失败或者是没有权限都是抛出异常，并且默认的没有对异常做处理，配置一个异常处理
    @Bean(name="simpleMappingExceptionResolver")
    public SimpleMappingExceptionResolver
    createSimpleMappingExceptionResolver() {
        SimpleMappingExceptionResolver r = new SimpleMappingExceptionResolver();
        Properties mappings = new Properties();
        mappings.setProperty("DatabaseException", "databaseError");//数据库异常处理
        mappings.setProperty("UnauthorizedException","/403");
        r.setExceptionMappings(mappings);  // None by default
        r.setDefaultErrorView("error");    // No default
        r.setExceptionAttribute("exception");     // Default is "exception"
        return r;
    }
}

3、配置swagger

package com.example.shiro.config;

import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.service.Contact;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;

@Configuration
@EnableSwagger2
public class SwaggerConfig {
    @Bean
    public Docket api() {
        return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
                .apiInfo(apiInfo())
                .select()
                .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.any())
                .paths(PathSelectors.any()).build();
    }
    private static ApiInfo apiInfo() {
        return new ApiInfoBuilder()
                .title("API文档")
                .description("Swagger API 文档")
                .version("1.0")
                .contact(new Contact("name..", "url..", "email.."))
                .build();
    }
}

七、controller

1、LoginController用来处理登录

package com.example.shiro.controller;

import com.example.shiro.entity.User;
import com.example.shiro.model.LoginResult;
import com.example.shiro.service.LoginService;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
public class LoginController {
    @Resource
    private LoginService loginService;

    @GetMapping(value = "/login")
    public String login() {
        return "登录页";
    }

    @PostMapping(value = "/login")
    public String login(@RequestBody User user) {
        System.out.println("login()");
        String userName = user.getUserName();
        String password = user.getPassword();
        LoginResult loginResult = loginService.login(userName,password);
        if(loginResult.isLogin()){
            return "登录成功";
        } else {
            return "登录失败：" + loginResult.getResult();
        }
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/index")
    public String index() {
        return "主页";
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/logout")
    public String logout() {
        return "退出";
    }

    @GetMapping("/403")
    public String unauthorizedRole(){
        return "没有权限";
    }
}

2、UserController用来测试访问，权限全部采用注解的方式。

package com.example.shiro.controller;

import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresPermissions;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    //用户查询
    @GetMapping("/userList")
    @RequiresPermissions("user:view")//权限管理;
    public String userInfo(){
        return "userList";
    }

    //用户添加
    @GetMapping("/userAdd")
    @RequiresPermissions("user:add")//权限管理;
    public String userInfoAdd(){
        return "userAdd";
    }

    //用户删除
    @GetMapping("/userDel")
    @RequiresPermissions("user:del")//权限管理;
    public String userDel(){
        return "userDel";
    }
}

八、数据库预设一些数据

先运行一遍程序，JPA生成数据库表后，手工执行sql脚本插入样本数据。
用户admin的原始密码是123456。

INSERT INTO `user` (`userId`,`username`,`name`,`password`,`salt`,`state`)
VALUES ('', 'admin', '管理员', 'd3c59d25033dbf980d29554025c23a75', '8d78869f470951332959580424d4bf4f', 1);

INSERT INTO `permission` (`permissionId`,`available`,`permissionname`,`parentid`,`parentids`,`permission`,`resourcetype`,`url`)
VALUES (1,1,'用户管理',0,'0/','user:view','menu','user/userList');
INSERT INTO `permission` (`permissionId`,`available`,`permissionname`,`parentid`,`parentids`,`permission`,`resourcetype`,`url`)
VALUES (2,1,'用户添加',1,'0/1','user:add','button','user/userAdd');
INSERT INTO `permission` (`permissionId`,`available`,`permissionname`,`parentid`,`parentids`,`permission`,`resourcetype`,`url`)
VALUES (3,1,'用户删除',1,'0/1','user:del','button','user/userDel');

INSERT INTO `role` (`roleid`,`available`,`description`,`role`) VALUES (1,1,'管理员','admin');

INSERT INTO `rolepermission` (`permissionid`,`roleid`) VALUES (1,1);
INSERT INTO `rolepermission` (`permissionid`,`roleid`) VALUES (2,1);

INSERT INTO `userrole` (`roleid`,`userId`) VALUES (1,1);

九、swagger测试

1、启动项目，访问http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html

2、访问/user/userAdd， Response body显示登录页

3、访问POST的/login，请求参数输入：

{
"userName": "admin",
"password": "123456"
}

Response body显示登录成功。

4、再次访问/user/userAdd，因为登录成功了并且有权限，这次Response body显示userAdd

5、访问/user/userDel，因为数据库没有配置权限，所以Response body显示没有权限