MFC读写配置ini文件

时间：2023-03-09 08:17:08
MFC读写配置ini文件

https://blog.****.net/naibozhuan3744/article/details/78783446

https://blog.****.net/rayborn1105/article/details/8192142

https://blog.****.net/g5dsk/article/details/6860162

// ConsoleApplication1.cpp: 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。

//

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <iostream>

#include <windows.h>

//using namespace std;

int main()

{

    //std::string strName, strTemp;

    //int nAge;

    //strName = "张三";

    //nAge = 12;

    //::WritePrivateProfileString(TEXT("StudentInfo"), TEXT("Name"), TEXT("张三"), TEXT(".\\student.ini"));

    // write

    WritePrivateProfileString(TEXT("LiMing"), TEXT("Sex"), TEXT("Man"), TEXT(".\\student.ini"));// 路径realse

    WritePrivateProfileString(TEXT("LiMing"), TEXT("Age"), TEXT(""), TEXT(".\\student.ini"));

    WritePrivateProfileString(TEXT("Fangfang"), TEXT("Sex"), TEXT("Woman"), TEXT(".\\student.ini"));

    WritePrivateProfileString(TEXT("Fangfang"), TEXT("Age"), TEXT(""), TEXT(".\\student.ini"));

    // read

    LPTSTR LiMingSex = new  TCHAR[] ;

    int LiMingAge = ;

    LPTSTR FangfangSex = new  TCHAR[];;

    int FangfangAge = ;

    GetPrivateProfileString(TEXT("LiMing"), TEXT("Sex"), TEXT(""), LiMingSex,  ,TEXT(".\\student.ini"));

    LiMingAge = GetPrivateProfileInt(TEXT("LiMing"), TEXT("Age"), , TEXT(".\\student.ini"));

    char LM[] = {};

    strncpy_s(LM, (char *)LiMingSex,);

    system("pause");

    return ;

}
[Section1]

Key11=value11

Key12=value12

[Section2]

Key21=value21

Key22=value22

...

[SectionN]

KeyN1=valueN1

KeyN2=valueN2

(1)操作系统配置文件Win.ini的函数：

函数名

功能

GetProfileSection

读取win.ini中指定节lpAppName中所有键名及其值。lpReturnedString字符串形式如下：

Key1=Value1/0Key2=Value2/0…KeyN=ValueN/0/0

GetProfileString

读取win.ini中指定节lpAppName中键名为lpKeyName对应变量的字符串值。

GetProfileInt

读取win.ini中指定节lpAppName中键名为lpKeyName对应变量的整数值。

WriteProfileSection

写（替换）win.ini中指定节lpAppName中的键值。

lpString字符串形式同GetProfileSection中的lpReturnedString。

WriteProfileString

写（替换）win.ini中指定节lpAppName中键名为lpKeyName对应变量的字符串值。

(2)操作用户自定义配置文件（PrivateProfile.ini）的函数：

函数名

功能

GetPrivateProfileSectionNames

读取lpFileName指定的配置文件中所有的节名。lpszReturnBuffer字符串形式如下：

Section1/0Section2/0…SectionN/0/0

GetPrivateProfileSection

同GetProfileSection。

GetPrivateProfileString

同GetProfileString。

GetPrivateProfileInt

同GetProfileInt

GetPrivateProfileStruct

须同WritePrivateProfileStruct配套使用。

WritePrivateProfileSection

同WriteProfileSection

WritePrivateProfileString

同WriteProfileString

WritePrivateProfileStruct

不常用。

用MFC配置ini文件的核心函数有三个，分别为WritePrivateProfileString和GetPrivateProfileString和GetPrivateProfileInt。下面分别讲解这三个核心函数的功能和各个参数的意义。

WritePrivateProfileString函数

BOOL  WritePrivateProfileString(

       LPCTSTRlpAppName,

       LPCTSTRlpKeyName,

       LPCTSTRlpString,

       LPCTSTRlpFileName

       );

//其中各参数的意义:

LPCTSTR lpAppName;  //是INI文件中的一个字段名.

LPCTSTR lpKeyName;//是lpAppName下的一个键名,通俗讲就是变量名.

LPCTSTR lpString;  //是键值, 也就是变量的值,不过必须为LPCTSTR型或CString型的.

LPCTSTR lpFileName;//是完整的INI文件名.
WritePrivateProfileString("StudentInfo1","身份证","",".\\ConfigFile\\ConfigInit.ini");
[StudentInfo]

Name = 李四

Age = 

身份证 = 

[StudentInfo1]

Name = 李四

Age = 

身份证 =

GetPrivateProfileString函数

DWORD  GetPrivateProfileString(

       LPCTSTRlpAppName,

       LPCTSTRlpKeyName,

       LPCTSTRlpDefault,

       LPTSTRlpReturnedString,

       DWORDnSize,

       LPCTSTRlpFileName

       );

//其中各参数的意义:

//前二个参数与 WritePrivateProfileString中的意义一样.

lpAppName; //是INI文件中的一个字段名.

lpKeyName;// 是lpAppName下的一个键名,通俗讲就是变量名.

lpDefault;// : 如果INI文件中没有前两个参数指定的字段名或键名,则将此值赋给变量.

lpReturnedString;// : 接收INI文件中的值的CString对象,即目的缓存器.

nSize;// : 目的缓存器的大小.

lpFileName;// : 是完整的INI文件名.

GetPrivateProfileInt函数

UINT  GetPrivateProfileInt(

       LPCTSTRlpAppName,

       LPCTSTRlpKeyName,

       INTnDefault,

       LPCTSTRlpFileName

       );//其中各参数的意义:

//前二个参数与 WritePrivateProfileString中的意义一样.

LPCTSTR lpAppName;  //是INI文件中的一个字段名.

LPCTSTR lpKeyName;//是lpAppName下的一个键名,通俗讲就是变量名.

INT nDefault;  //如果INI文件中没有前两个参数指定的字段名或键名,则将此值赋给变量.

LPCTSTR lpFileName;//是完整的INI文件名.
调用

GetPrivateProfileInt("StudentInfo2","Age", ,".\\ConfigFile\\ConfigInit.ini");
#include <Windows.h>

#include <tchar.h>

#include <strsafe.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "strsafe.lib")

#define INI_FILE_NAME _T("ini_test.ini")

TCHAR gIniFileFullPath[MAX_PATH] = {_T('\0')};

int main()

{

    DWORD dwRet = ;

    BOOL  bRet  = FALSE;

    // 获取 ini 文件全路径

    dwRet = ::GetModuleFileName(NULL, gIniFileFullPath, MAX_PATH);

    if (0UL == dwRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Error occurs in calling GetModuleFileName, ")

                          _T("error code is %lu.\n"),

                          ::GetLastError());

        return -;

    }

    if (MAX_PATH == dwRet && ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER == ::GetLastError())

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: The buffer is too small to hold the module name.\n"));

        return -;

    }

    _tprintf(_T("The full path for the current module is: \n\t%s\n"), gIniFileFullPath);

    DWORD dwLoopIdx = dwRet - ;

    while (gIniFileFullPath[dwLoopIdx] != _T('\\'))

    {

        --dwLoopIdx;

    }

    ::StringCchCopy(gIniFileFullPath + (dwLoopIdx + ), MAX_PATH - (dwLoopIdx + ), INI_FILE_NAME);

    _tprintf(_T("The full path for %s is: \n\t%s\n"), INI_FILE_NAME, gIniFileFullPath);

    // ---------------------------------------------- WritePrivateProfileSection

    // 注: 如果 gIniFileFullPath 表示的 .ini 文件不存在, 会先创建一个.

    TCHAR szInsertedKeyValuePair[] = {_T('\0')};

#if defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)

    wchar_t* dest  = NULL;

    wchar_t* src   = NULL;

    size_t   count = ;

    dest  = szInsertedKeyValuePair;

    src   = L"Key11=defaultValue11";

    count = wcslen(L"Key11=defaultValue11");

    wmemcpy(dest, src, count);

    dest += count;

    src   = L"\0";

    count = ;

    wmemcpy(dest, src, count);

    dest += count;

    src   = L"Key12=defaultValue12";

    count = wcslen(L"Key12=defaultValue12");

    wmemcpy(dest, src, count);

    dest += count;

    src   = L"\0";

    count = ;

    wmemcpy(dest, src, count);

    dest += count;

    src   = L"Key13=defaultValue13";

    count = wcslen(L"Key13=defaultValue13");

    wmemcpy(dest, src, count);

    dest += count;

    src   = L"\0";

    count = ;

    wmemcpy(dest, src, count);

#else

    char*  dest  = NULL;

    char*  src   = NULL;

    size_t count = ;

    dest  = szInsertedKeyValuePair;

    src   = "Key11=defaultValue11";

    count = strlen("Key11=defaultValue11");

    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dest), static_cast<void*>(src), count);

    dest += count;

    src   = "\0";

    count = ;

    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dest), static_cast<void*>(src), count);

    dest += count;

    src   = "Key12=defaultValue12";

    count = strlen("Key12=defaultValue12");

    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dest), static_cast<void*>(src), count);

    dest += count;

    src   = "\0";

    count = ;

    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dest), static_cast<void*>(src), count);

    dest += count;

    src   = "Key13=defaultValue13";

    count = strlen("Key13=defaultValue13");

    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dest), static_cast<void*>(src), count);

    dest += count;

    src   = "\0";

    count = ;

    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dest), static_cast<void*>(src), count);

#endif // defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)

    bRet = ::WritePrivateProfileSection(_T("Section1"), szInsertedKeyValuePair, gIniFileFullPath);

    if (FALSE == bRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Error occurs in calling WritePrivateProfileSection, ")

                          _T("error code is %lu.\n"),

                          ::GetLastError());

        return -;

    }

    // ---------------------------------------------- WritePrivateProfileSection

    // ----------------------------------------------- WritePrivateProfileString

    TCHAR szStr4Int[] = {_T('\0')};

    _itot(-, szStr4Int, );

    bRet = ::WritePrivateProfileString(_T("Section1"), _T("Key12"), szStr4Int, gIniFileFullPath);

    if (FALSE == bRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Error occurs in calling WritePrivateProfileString, ")

                          _T("error code is %lu.\n"),

                          ::GetLastError());

        return -;

    }

    bRet = ::WritePrivateProfileString(_T("Section1"), _T("Key13"), _T("Value13"), gIniFileFullPath);

    if (FALSE == bRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Error occurs in calling WritePrivateProfileString, ")

                          _T("error code is %lu.\n"),

                          ::GetLastError());

        return -;

    }

    // ----------------------------------------------- WritePrivateProfileString

    // ------------------------------------------- GetPrivateProfileSectionNames

    TCHAR szReturnBuffer[] = {_T('\0')};

    dwRet = ::GetPrivateProfileSectionNames(szReturnBuffer, , gIniFileFullPath);

    if ( -  == dwRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: szReturnBuffer is not large enough to ")

                          _T("contain all the section names associated with ")

                          _T("the specified initialization file.\n"));

        return -;

    }

    // ------------------------------------------- GetPrivateProfileSectionNames

    // ------------------------------------------------ GetPrivateProfileSection

    // 在 Section1 末尾追加 Key14=defaultValue14

    dwRet = ::GetPrivateProfileSection(_T("Section1"), szReturnBuffer, , gIniFileFullPath);

    if ( -  == dwRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: szReturnBuffer is not large enough to ")

                          _T("contain all the key name and value pairs ")

                          _T("associated with Section1.\n"));

        return -;

    }

#if defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)

    dest  = szReturnBuffer + dwRet;

    src   = L"Key14=DefaultValue14";

    count = wcslen(L"Key14=DefaultValue14");

    wmemcpy(dest, src, count);

    dest += count;

    src   = L"\0";

    count = ;

    wmemcpy(dest, src, count);

#else

    dest  = szReturnBuffer + dwRet;

    src   = "Key14=DefaultValue14";

    count = strlen("Key14=DefaultValue14");

    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dest), static_cast<void*>(src), count);

    dest += count;

    src   = "\0";

    count = ;

    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dest), static_cast<void*>(src), count);

#endif // defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)

    bRet = ::WritePrivateProfileSection(_T("Section1"), szReturnBuffer, gIniFileFullPath);

    if (FALSE == bRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Error occurs in calling WritePrivateProfileSection, ")

                          _T("error code is %lu.\n"),

                          ::GetLastError());

        return -;

    }

    // ------------------------------------------------ GetPrivateProfileSection

    // ---------------------------------------------- WritePrivateProfileSection

    // 在 .ini 文件末尾追加 Section2

    ZeroMemory(static_cast<void*>(szInsertedKeyValuePair), sizeof(szInsertedKeyValuePair));

#if defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)

    dest  = szInsertedKeyValuePair;

    src   = L"Key21=defaultValue21";

    count = wcslen(L"Key21=defaultValue21");

    wmemcpy(dest, src, count);

    dest += count;

    src   = L"\0";

    count = ;

    wmemcpy(dest, src, count);

    dest += count;

    src   = L"Key22=defaultValue22";

    count = wcslen(L"Key22=defaultValue22");

    wmemcpy(dest, src, count);

    dest += count;

    src   = L"\0";

    count = ;

    wmemcpy(dest, src, count);

#else

    dest  = szInsertedKeyValuePair;

    src   = "Key21=defaultValue21";

    count = strlen("Key21=defaultValue21");

    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dest), static_cast<void*>(src), count);

    dest += count;

    src   = "\0";

    count = ;

    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dest), static_cast<void*>(src), count);

    dest += count;

    src   = "Key22=defaultValue22";

    count = strlen("Key22=defaultValue22");

    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dest), static_cast<void*>(src), count);

    dest += count;

    src   = "\0";

    count = ;

    memcpy(static_cast<void*>(dest), static_cast<void*>(src), count);

#endif // defined(_UNICODE) || defined(UNICODE)

    bRet = ::WritePrivateProfileSection(_T("Section2"), szInsertedKeyValuePair, gIniFileFullPath);

    if (FALSE == bRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Error occurs in calling WritePrivateProfileSection, ")

                          _T("error code is %lu.\n"),

                          ::GetLastError());

        return -;

    }

    // ---------------------------------------------- WritePrivateProfileSection

    // ---------------------------------------------------- GetPrivateProfileInt

    // 注: MSDN 中, 该函数原型的返回值数据类型为 UINT, 但, 并非是说它只能返回

    //     无符号整型值. 通过该函数, .ini 文件中的负数是可以正确取得的.

    int nIntValue4Key12 = ::GetPrivateProfileInt(_T("Section1"), _T("Key12"), -, gIniFileFullPath);

    _tprintf(_T("\nnIntValue4Key12 = %i\n"), nIntValue4Key12);

    // ---------------------------------------------------- GetPrivateProfileInt

    // ------------------------------------------------- GetPrivateProfileString

    // Read value for Key11

    dwRet = ::GetPrivateProfileString(_T("Section1"),

                                      _T("Key11"),

                                      _T("Key11 key cannot be found in the initialization file."),

                                      szReturnBuffer,

                                      MAX_PATH,

                                      gIniFileFullPath);

    if (MAX_PATH -  == dwRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Neither lpAppName nor lpKeyName is NULL ")

                          _T("and the supplied destination buffer is too small ")

                          _T("to hold the requested string.\n"));

        return -;

    }

    if (MAX_PATH -  == dwRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Either lpAppName or lpKeyName is NULL and ")

                          _T("the supplied destination buffer is too small to ")

                          _T("hold all the strings.\n"));

        return -;

    }

    _tprintf(_T("\nValue for Key11 is %s.\n"), szReturnBuffer);

    // Read value for Key12

    dwRet = ::GetPrivateProfileString(_T("Section1"),

                                      _T("Key12"),

                                      _T("Key12 key cannot be found in the initialization file."),

                                      szReturnBuffer,

                                      MAX_PATH,

                                      gIniFileFullPath);

    if (MAX_PATH -  == dwRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Neither lpAppName nor lpKeyName is NULL ")

                          _T("and the supplied destination buffer is too small ")

                          _T("to hold the requested string.\n"));

        return -;

    }

    if (MAX_PATH -  == dwRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Either lpAppName or lpKeyName is NULL and ")

                          _T("the supplied destination buffer is too small to ")

                          _T("hold all the strings.\n"));

        return -;

    }

    _tprintf(_T("Value for Key12 is %s.\n"), szReturnBuffer);

    // Read value for Key13

    dwRet = ::GetPrivateProfileString(_T("Section1"),

                                      _T("Key13"),

                                      _T("Key13 key cannot be found in the initialization file."),

                                      szReturnBuffer,

                                      MAX_PATH,

                                      gIniFileFullPath);

    if (MAX_PATH -  == dwRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Neither lpAppName nor lpKeyName is NULL ")

                          _T("and the supplied destination buffer is too small ")

                          _T("to hold the requested string.\n"));

        return -;

    }

    if (MAX_PATH -  == dwRet)

    {

        _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error: Either lpAppName or lpKeyName is NULL and ")

                          _T("the supplied destination buffer is too small to ")

                          _T("hold all the strings.\n"));

        return -;

    }

    _tprintf(_T("Value for Key13 is %s.\n\n"), szReturnBuffer);

    // ------------------------------------------------- GetPrivateProfileString

    return ;

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