linux下tomcat作为daemon进程运行

时间：2023-03-09 07:49:45
linux下tomcat作为daemon进程运行
在linux下如果想让tomcat在开机时自启动，可以将启动代码写到/etc/rc.local里面。但是，这样的话，tomcat将以root权限运行，这是不安全的。因此，要想办法让tomcat以非特权身份作为daemon运行。
要将tomcat作为linux的daemon运行，需要commons-daemon工程的jsvc工具，tomcat的bin目录里已经自带了这个工具的源码。
解压commons-daemon-native.tar.gz，进入unix子目录，然后configure。configure的时候需要指定jdk路径或者当前环境中有JAVA_HOME变量。
接下来在make的时候可能会出现如下错误：
ar: libservice.a: Malformed archive

make[]: *** [libservice.a] Error 1
这是一个已知的bug：
The file bin/commons-daemon-native.tar.gz contains dirty (already compiled)

code. On some systems this causes "make" to return the following error:

ar: libservice.a: Malformed archive

The solution is to run "make clean" before running "make".

I believe that "make clean" should be run before creating the tgz file, so that

there are no compiled/generated files laying around.
make以后得到jsvc文件，复制到tomcat的bin目录中。另外在native目录下有一个Tomcat5.sh，是用于tomcat自启动的一个模板，我们可以修改它快速得到一个符合要求的启动文件。在这里，我将它修改为如下内容：
#!/bin/sh

##############################################################################

#

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more

# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with

# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.

# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0

# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with

# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

#

#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

#

# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

# limitations under the License.

##############################################################################

#

# Small shell script to show how to start/stop Tomcat using jsvc

# If you want to have Tomcat running on port  please modify the server.xml

# file:

#

#    <!-- Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port  -->

#    <Connector className="org.apache.catalina.connector.http.HttpConnector"

#               port="" minProcessors="" maxProcessors=""

#               enableLookups="true" redirectPort=""

#               acceptCount="" debug="" connectionTimeout=""/>

#

# That is for Tomcat-5.0.x (Apache Tomcat/5.0)

#

# Adapt the following lines to your configuration

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/sun-java6-jdk

CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-

DAEMON_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME

TOMCAT_USER=tomcat6

# for multi instances adapt those lines.

TMP_DIR=/var/tmp

PID_FILE=/var/run/jsvc.pid

CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_HOME

#CATALINA_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=/home/jfclere/jakarta-tomcat-connectors/jni/native/.libs"

CLASSPATH=/

$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:/

$CATALINA_HOME/bin/commons-daemon.jar:/

$CATALINA_HOME/bin/bootstrap.jar

case "$1" in

  start)

    #

    # Start Tomcat

    #

     echo "Starting tomcat6..."

    $DAEMON_HOME/bin/jsvc /

    -user $TOMCAT_USER /

    -home $JAVA_HOME /

    -Dcatalina.home=$CATALINA_HOME /

    -Dcatalina.base=$CATALINA_BASE /

    -Djava.io.tmpdir=$TMP_DIR /

    -wait  /

    -pidfile $PID_FILE /

    -outfile $CATALINA_HOME/logs/catalina.out /

    -errfile $CATALINA_HOME/logs/catalina.err /

    $CATALINA_OPTS /

    -cp $CLASSPATH /

    org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap

    #

    # To get a verbose JVM

    #-verbose /

    # To get a debug of jsvc.

    #-debug /

     if test $? -eq

     then

          exit

     else

          echo "Failed to start tomcat6"

          exit

     fi

    ;;

  stop)

    #

    # Stop Tomcat

    #

    $DAEMON_HOME/bin/jsvc /

    -stop /

    -pidfile $PID_FILE /

    org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap

     if test $? -eq

     then

          echo "tomcat6 stopped"

          exit

     else

          echo "Failed to stop tomcat6"

          exit

     fi

    ;;

  restart)

     #

     # Restart Tomcat

     #

     if $ stop

     then

          $ start

     else

          echo "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."

     fi

     exit

     ;;

  *)

    echo "Usage: tomcat6 start|stop|restart"

    exit ;;

esac

在以上脚本里面指定了TOMCAT_USER，jsvc将先以特权身份启动tomcat，随后切换到指定的用户，这样可以使tomcat以非特权身份监听需要特权的端口。

加入系统服务（这里以Debian为例），将脚本复制到/etc/init.d，改名为tomcat6，然后执行
update-rc.d tomcat6 defaults

配置完成以后，tomcat就可以随系统自启动，并且以非特权用户作为daemon运行了。

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