概念:
信号时一种异步事件:信号处理函数和程序的主循环式两条不同的执行路线,信号处理函数需要尽可能快地执行完毕,以确保该信号不被屏蔽.(为了避免一些竞态条件,信号在处理期间,系统不会再次出发它)太久.这里就采用一种常用的解决方案是:把信号的主要处理函数逻辑放到程序的主循环中,当信号处理函数被触发时,它只是简单地通知主循环程序接受到信号,并把信号值传递给主函数.主循环在根据接受到的信号值执行目标信号对应的处理逻辑代码.通常采用管道的方式来将"信号"传递给主循环.主程序采用I/O复用模型来将信号事件和其他事件统一处理.即统一事件源.
代码实例:
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <signal.h> #define MAX_EVENT_NUMBER 1024
static int pipefd[]; int setnonblocking(int fd){
int old_option=fcntl(fd,F_GETFL);
int new_option=old_option | O_NONBLOCK; fcntl(fd,F_SETFL,new_option);
return old_option;
} void addfd(int epollfd,int fd){
struct epoll_event event;
event.data.fd=fd;
event.events =EPOLLIN | EPOLLET;
epoll_ctl(epollfd,EPOLL_CTL_ADD,fd,&event);
setnonblocking(fd);
} void sig_handler(int sig){
int save_errno=errno;
int msg=sig;
send(pipefd[],(char*)&msg,,);
errno=save_errno;
} void addsig(int sig){
struct sigaction sa;
memset(&sa,'\0',sizeof(sa));
sa.sa_flags|=SA_RESTART;
sa.sa_handler=sig_handler;
sigfillset(&sa.sa_mask);
assert(sigaction(sig,&sa,NULL)!=-);
} int main(int argc,char* argv[]){
if(argc<=){
printf("usage:%s ip_address port_number\n",argv[]);
return -;
} const char* ip=argv[];
int port=atoi(argv[]); struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
memset(&server_addr,,sizeof(server_addr));
server_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
inet_pton(AF_INET,ip,&server_addr.sin_addr));
server_addr.sin_port=htons(port)); int listenfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,);
assert(listenfd!=-); int ret=bind(listenfd,(struct sockaddr*)&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr));
assert(ret!=-); ret=listen(listenfd,);
assert(ret!=-); epoll_event events[MAX_EVENT_NUMBER];
int epollfd=epoll_create();
assert(epollfd!=-);
addfd(epollfd,listenfd); ret=socketpair(AF_UNIX,SOCK_STREAM,,pipefd);
assert(ret!=-); setnonblocking(pipefd[]);
addfd(epollfd,pipefd[]); addsig(SIGHUP);
addsig(SIGCHLD);
addsig(SIGTERM);
addsig(SIGINT);
bool stop_server=false; while(!stop_server){
int number=epoll_wait(epollfd,events,MAX_EVENT_NUMBER,-);
if((number<) && (errno!=EINTR)){
printf("epoll failure\n");
break;
} else{
for(int i=;i<number;i++){
int sockfd=events[i].data.fd;
if(sockfd==listenfd){
struct sockaddr_in client;
bzero(&client,sizeof(client));
socklen_t len=sizeof(client); int connfd=accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&client,&len);
addfd(epollfd,connfd);
} else if(sockfd==pipefd[] && events[i].events & EPOLLIN){
char signals[];
memset(signals,'\0',sizeof(signals)); int ret=recv(sockfd,signals,,);
if(ret<){
continue;
}
else if(ret==){
continue;
} else{
for(int i=;i<ret;i++){
switch(signals[i])){
case SIGCHLD:
case SIGHUP:
{
continue;
} case SIGTERM:
case SIGINT:
{
stop_server=true;
}
}
}
}
} else{
}
}
}
}
printf("close fds\n");
close(listenfd);
close(pipefd[]);
close(pipefd[]);
return ;
}