从进入系统学习到现在,貌似我们还没有真正开始动手写程序,估计有些立志成为Hadoop攻城狮的小伙伴们已经有些急了。环境已经搭好,小讲也有些按捺不住了。今天,小讲就和大家一起来动手编写我们的第一个MapReduce程序。
小讲曾说过,写Hadoop程序,核心就是Mapper类,Reudcer类,run()方法,很多时候照葫芦画瓢就行了,今天我们就照Hadoop程序基础模板
这个葫芦来“画个瓢” —— 写个MapReduce程序。
Hadoop程序模板(葫芦)
数据源:来自美国成百上千个气象站的气象数据,其中一个气象站的几行示例数据如下:
1985 07 31 02 200 94 10137 220 26 1 0 -9999
1985 07 31 03 172 94 10142 240 0 0 0 -9999
1985 07 31 04 156 83 10148 260 10 0 0 -9999
1985 07 31 05 133 78 -9999 250 0 -9999 0 -9999
1985 07 31 06 122 72 -9999 90 0 -9999 0 0
1985 07 31 07 117 67 -9999 60 0 -9999 0 -9999
1985 07 31 08 111 61 -9999 90 0 -9999 0 -9999
1985 07 31 09 111 61 -9999 60 5 -9999 0 -9999
1985 07 31 10 106 67 -9999 80 0 -9999 0 -9999
1985 07 31 11 100 56 -9999 50 5 -9999 0 -9999
功能需求:基于这份数据,统计美国每个气象站30年的平均气温,部分输出结果如下:
03103 82 //03103代表气象站编号,82代表平均气温(华氏)
03812 128
03813 178
03816 143
03820 173
03822 189
03856 160
03860 130
03870 156
03872 108
Hadoop模板程序:
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configured;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.Tool;
import org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner;
/**
* 统计美国各个气象站30年来的平均气温
*/
public class Temperature extends Configured implements Tool { public static class TemperatureMapper extends Mapper< LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable> {
public void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
//数据示例:1985 07 31 02 200 94 10137 220 26 1 0 -9999
String line = value.toString(); //读取每行数据
int temperature = Integer.parseInt(line.substring(14, 19).trim());//气温值
if (temperature != -9999) { //过滤无效数据
FileSplit fileSplit = (FileSplit) context.getInputSplit();
//通过文件名称获取气象站id
String weatherStationId = fileSplit.getPath().getName().substring(5, 10);
//map 输出
context.write(new Text(weatherStationId), new IntWritable(temperature));
}
}
} public static class TemperatureReducer extends
Reducer< Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable> { private IntWritable result = new IntWritable(); public void reduce(Text key, Iterable< IntWritable> values,
Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException { int sum = 0;
int count = 0;
//循环values,对统一气象站的所有气温值求和
for (IntWritable val : values) {
sum += val.get();
count++;
}
//求每个气象站的平均值
result.set(sum / count);
//reduce输出 key=weatherStationId value=mean(temperature)
context.write(key, result);
}
} /**
* @function 任务驱动方法
* @param args
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Configuration conf = new Configuration();//读取配置文件 Path mypath = new Path(args[1]);
FileSystem hdfs = mypath.getFileSystem(conf);
if (hdfs.isDirectory(mypath)) {//删除已经存在的输出目录
hdfs.delete(mypath, true);
} Job job = new Job(conf, "temperature");//新建一个任务
job.setJarByClass(Temperature.class);// 主类 FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path(args[0]));// 输入路径
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));// 输出路径 job.setMapperClass(TemperatureMapper.class);// Mapper
job.setReducerClass(TemperatureReducer.class);// Reducer job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);//输出结果的key类型
job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);//输出结果的value类型 job.waitForCompletion(true);//提交任务
return 0;
} /**
* @function main 方法
* @param args
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String[] args0 = {
"hdfs://single.hadoop.dajiangtai.com:9000/weather/",
"hdfs://single.hadoop.dajiangtai.com:9000/weather/out/"
};
int ec = ToolRunner.run(new Configuration(), new Temperature(), args0);
System.exit(ec);
}
}