NSCoding可以用与存取一般的类对象,需要类成为NSCoding的代理,并且实现编码和解码方法。
假设类Person有name和age两个属性,应该这样设置类:
.h文件:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface Person : NSObject <NSCoding> // 注意要成为代理 @property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic, assign) int age; @end
.m文件
#import "Person.h" @implementation Person /**
* 将对象归档的时候调用
*
* @param aCoder 编码对象
*/ -(void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder{ //编码成员变量并存入相应的key
[aCoder encodeObject:_name forKey:@"name"];
[aCoder encodeInt:_age forKey:@"age"]; } /**
* 将对象从文件中读取的时候调用
*
* @param aDecoder 解码对象
*
* @return 读取到的对象
*/
- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder{ if (self = [super init]) { self.name = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"name"];
self.age = [aDecoder decodeIntForKey:@"age"]; } return self; } @end
存储Person的方法:
Person *p = [[Person alloc] init];
p.name = @"jack";
p.age = 15; NSString *homePath = NSHomeDirectory();
NSString *docPath = [homePath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents"];
NSString *filePath = [docPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test.data"];
//归档
[NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:p toFile:filePath];
读取Person的方法:
NSString *homePath = NSHomeDirectory();
NSString *docPath = [homePath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents"];
NSString *filePath = [docPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test.data"]; //读档(反归档)
Person *p = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:filePath];
一个细节:
假如有一个Student类继承子Person要存储,如果直接存储,只能调用父类的编码方法,因此子类的特有数据不能保存,应该再重新实现归档函数,但是直接调用父类的归档函数即可初始化原来的数据,再初始化自己的即可。
Tip:通过super调用父类方法可以省去原来属性的初始化。
假设Student多一个学号属性no:
@interface Student : Person @property (nonatomic, assign) int no; @end
#import "Student.h" @implementation Student -(void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder{ [super encodeWithCoder:aCoder]; [aCoder encodeInt:self.no forKey:@"no"]; } - (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder{ if (self = [super initWithCoder:aDecoder]) {
_no = [aDecoder decodeIntForKey:@"no"];
} return self; } @end